ASTM F2137-11
(Practice)Standard Practice for Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement Rides and Devices
Standard Practice for Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement Rides and Devices
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
p>This practice is intended for use whenever the dynamic characteristics of an amusement ride or device are to be determined. The existence of this practice is not intended to imply that there is a requirement to perform specific testing on amusement rides or devices.
The general provisions of this practice provide instrumentation specifications, data acquisition and testing procedures, and documentation requirements that when applied will improve the repeatability, reliability, and utility of the test results.
Based on the general provisions of this practice, the SARC Test specifications, when followed, will yield standardized test results regarding the patron-related, dynamic motion of amusement rides or devices. The SARC Test will facilitate both the meaningful comparison of the dynamic motion of different amusement rides or devices and the tracking of changes, if any, in the dynamic characteristics of a given ride or device.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers acquisition of data related to the dynamic characteristics of amusement rides and devices.
1.2 This practice also defines the specific requirements of a Standardized Amusement Ride Characterization Test (SARC Test) for use in characterizing the dynamic motion of an amusement ride or device.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The values are reversed in Section 13 since EN standards primarily use SI units.
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Designation: F2137 − 11
StandardPractice for
Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement
1
Rides and Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2137; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope sampling process. Once a signal has been aliased, it is not
possible to reconstruct the original signal from the sampled
1.1 This practice covers acquisition of data related to the
data.
dynamic characteristics of amusement rides and devices.
3.1.2 calibration constant—the arithmetic mean of the sen-
1.2 This practice also defines the specific requirements of a
sitivity coefficients, evaluated at frequencies that are evenly
Standardized Amusement Ride Characterization Test (SARC
spaced on a logarithmic scale between F and F .
L H
Test) for use in characterizing the dynamic motion of an
3.1.3 calibration value—the ratio of the reference calibra-
amusement ride or device.
tion system output, in engineering units relevant to the
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
transducer, to the data channel output, in volts, as measured at
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
constant excitation frequency and amplitude.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.4 channel frequency class (CFC)—afrequencyresponse
and are not considered standard.
envelopethatconformstoFig.1andisreferredtobythevalue
1.3.1 Exception—The values are reversed in Section 13
F in hertz. The CFC frequency response envelope is defined
since EN standards primarily use SI units. H
by the boundaries shown in Fig. 1 and the following charac-
teristic frequencies:
2. Referenced Documents
F —Pass band lower limit (hertz). Always equal to zero
2
L
2.1 SAE Standard:
(0.0) hertz.
SAEJ211Instrumentation for Impact Tests
F —Pass band upper limit (hertz). The CFC designator.
H
3
2.2 EN Standard:
F —Thecornerorkneeofthefrequencyresponseenvelope.
N
EN 13814Fairground and amusement park machinery and
Always equal to or greater than 1.667× F .
H
structures - Safety
F —The minimum sample frequency for a sampled data
S
system that corresponds to the designated CFC. Always equal
3. Terminology
to or greater than 12× F .
H
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.4.1 Discussion—F , F , F ,and F arealwaysspecified
L H N S
3.1.1 aliasing—aphenomenonassociatedwithsampleddata
in hertz. While the characteristics of the CFC may be applied
systems, wherein a signal containing significant energy at
to individual components of a data channel, the CFC is, by
frequencies greater than one half of the system sample fre-
definition, the frequency response envelope of the entire data
quency manifests itself in the sampled data as a lower
channelfromthemountedtransducertothefinalrepresentation
frequency (aliased) signal. Aliasing can be avoided only by
of the acquired data.
limiting the frequency content of the signal prior to the
3.1.5 coordinate system—three orthogonal axes that inter-
sect at an origin whose positive directions correspond to the
right-hand rule.
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF24onAmusement
Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.10 on Test
3.1.5.1 measurement coordinate system—a coordinate sys-
Methods.
tem that provides the reference axes and sign convention for
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved
the test data record(s).
in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2137–09. DOI: 10.1520/
F2137-11.
3.1.5.2 patron coordinate system—a coordinate system that
2
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
is fixed with respect to the human upper torso and oriented as
Warrendale, PA 15096.
3
in Fig. 2.
Available from European Committee for Standardization, http://www.cen.eu/.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2137 − 11
FIG. 1 Frequency Response Envelope
FIG. 2 Patron Coordinate System
3.1.5.3 vehicle coordinate system—a coordinate system that 3.1.7 data channel full scale—the maximum usable value,
is fixed with respect to the ride or device being tested. in units of the physical phenomenon being measured, that may
be represented by a data channel. This value is determined by
3.1.6 data channel—the entire instrumentation system for a
the data channel component with the lowest full-scale range.
single channel of data acquisition; from the transducer to the
final representation of the data, including all post-acquisition
3.1.8 free-run
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F2137–09 Designation:F2137–11
Standard Practice for
Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement
1
Rides and Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2137; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers acquisition of data related to the dynamic characteristics of amusement rides and devices.
1.2 This practice also defines the specific requirements of a StandardizedAmusement Ride Characterization Test (SARC Test)
for use in characterizing the dynamic motion of an amusement ride or device.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The values are reversed in Section 13 since EN standards primarily use SI units.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 SAE Standard:
SAE J211 Instrumentation for Impact Tests
3
2.2 EN Standard:
EN 13814 Fairground and amusement park machinery and structures - Safety
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 aliasing—a phenomenon associated with sampled data systems, wherein a signal containing significant energy at
frequenciesgreaterthanonehalfofthesystemsamplefrequencymanifestsitselfinthesampleddataasalowerfrequency(aliased)
signal. Aliasing can be avoided only by limiting the frequency content of the signal prior to the sampling process. Once a signal
has been aliased, it is not possible to reconstruct the original signal from the sampled data.
3.1.2 calibration constant—the arithmetic mean of the sensitivity coefficients, evaluated at frequencies that are evenly spaced
on a logarithmic scale between F and F .
L H
3.1.3 calibration value—the ratio of the reference calibration system output, in engineering units relevant to the transducer, to
the data channel output, in volts, as measured at constant excitation frequency and amplitude.
3.1.4 channel frequency class (CFC)—a frequency response envelope that conforms to Fig. 1 and is referred to by the value
F in hertz. The CFC frequency response envelope is defined by the boundaries shown in Fig. 1 and the following characteristic
H
frequencies:
F —Pass band lower limit (hertz). Always equal to zero (0.0) hertz.
L
F —Pass band upper limit (hertz). The CFC designator.
H
F —The corner or knee of the frequency response envelope. Always equal to or greater than 1.667 3 F .
N H
F —The minimum sample frequency for a sampled data system that corresponds to the designated CFC. Always equal to or
S
greater than 12 3 F .
H
3.1.4.1 Discussion—F , F , F , and F are always specified in hertz. While the characteristics of the CFC may be applied to
L H N S
individualcomponentsofadatachannel,theCFCis,bydefinition,thefrequencyresponseenvelopeoftheentiredatachannelfrom
the mounted transducer to the final representation of the acquired data.
3.1.5 coordinate system—threeorthogonalaxesthatintersectatanoriginwhosepositivedirectionscorrespondtotheright-hand
rule.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on Amusement Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.10 on Test
Methods.
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2009. Published October 2009. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2137–04 (2009). DOI:
10.1520/F2137-09.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2137 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/F2137-11.
2
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.
3
Available from European Committee for Standardization, http://www.cen.eu/.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2137–11
FIG. 1 Frequency Response Envelope
3.1.5.1 measurement coordinate system—a coordinate system that provides the reference axes and sign convention for the test
data record(s).
3.1.5.2 patron coordinate system—a coordinate system that is fixed with respect to the human upper torso and oriented as in
Fig. 2.
3.1.5.3 vehicle coordinate system—a coordinate system that is fixed with respect to the ride or device being tested.
3
...
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