prEN IEC 62044-3:2023

Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods - Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level

Kerne aus weichmagnetischen Materialien - Messverfahren - Teil 3: Messungen der magnetischen Eigenschaften im Leistungsapplikationsbereich

Noyaux en matériaux magnétiques doux - Méthodes de mesure - Partie 3: Propriétés magnétiques à niveau élevé d'excitation

Jedra iz mehkomagnetnih materialov - Merilne metode - 3. del: Magnetne lastnosti pri močnem vzbujanju

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 05-Nov-2024
• ICS: 29.030 - Magnetic materials
• ICS: 29.100.10 - Magnetic components
• Technical Committee: CLC/SR 51 - Magnetic components and ferrite materials
• Drafting Committee: IEC/TC 51 - IEC_TC_51
• Current Stage: 4060 - Enquiry results established and sent to TC, SR, BTTF - Enquiry
• Start Date: 07-Apr-2023
• Completion Date: 07-Apr-2023
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023 - Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods - Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level

Relations

• Revises: EN 62044-3:2001/AC:2021-11 - Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods - Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level
• Effective Date: 04-Jan-2022
• Revises: EN 62044-3:2001 - Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods - Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level
• Effective Date: 04-Jan-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
01-marec-2023
Jedra iz mehkomagnetnih materialov - Merilne metode - 3. del: Magnetne lastnosti
pri močnem vzbujanju
Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods - Part 3: Magnetic
properties at high excitation level
Kerne aus weichmagnetischen Materialien - Messverfahren - Teil 3: Messungen der
magnetischen Eigenschaften im Leistungsapplikationsbereich
Noyaux en matériaux magnétiques doux - Méthodes de mesure - Partie 3: Propriétés
magnétiques à niveau élevé d'excitation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
ICS:
17.220.20 Merjenje električnih in Measurement of electrical
magnetnih veličin and magnetic quantities
29.100.10 Magnetne komponente Magnetic components
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
51/1426/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 62044-3 ED2
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2023-01-13 2023-04-07
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
51/1411/CD, 51/1421/CC
IEC TC 51 : MAGNETIC COMPONENTS, FERRITE AND MAGNETIC POWDER MATERIALS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Japan Mr Takeshi Abe
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any,
in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY

SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING

Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft for Vote
(CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.

This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.

Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they

are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
TITLE:

Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods - Part 3: Magnetic properties at high

excitation level
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2028
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:

Copyright © 2022 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this

electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.

You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without

permission in writing from IEC.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022 2 51/1426/CDV
2 CONTENTS

4 FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 5

5 1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 7

6 2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 7

7 3 Terms, definitions and symbols ....................................................................................... 7

8 3.1 Definitions .............................................................................................................. 8

9 3.2 Symbols .................................................................................................................. 9

10 4 General precautions for measurements at high excitation level ...................................... 10

11 4.1 General statements ............................................................................................... 10

12 4.1.1 Relation to practice ........................................................................................ 10

13 4.1.2 Core effective parameters and material properties ......................................... 10

14 4.1.3 Reproducibility of the magnetic state ............................................................. 10

15 4.2 Measuring coil ...................................................................................................... 10

16 4.2.1 General ......................................................................................................... 10

17 4.2.2 Number of turns ............................................................................................. 11

18 4.2.3 Single winding and double winding ................................................................ 11

19 4.3 Mounting of cores consisting of more than one part .............................................. 12

20 4.4 Measuring equipment ............................................................................................ 12

21 5 Specimens..................................................................................................................... 15

22 6 Measuring procedures ................................................................................................... 15

23 6.1 General procedure ................................................................................................ 15

24 6.2 Measuring method for the (effective) amplitude permeability ................................. 16

25 6.2.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 16

26 6.2.2 Principle of the measurement ........................................................................ 16

27 6.2.3 Circuit and equipment .................................................................................... 16

28 6.2.4 Measuring procedure ..................................................................................... 16

29 6.2.5 Calculation .................................................................................................... 16

30 6.3 Measuring methods for the power loss .................................................................. 17

31 6.3.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 17

32 6.3.2 Methods and principles of the measurements ................................................ 17

33 7 Information to be stated ................................................................................................. 20

34 8 Test report ..................................................................................................................... 20

35 Annex A (informative) Basic circuits and related equipment for the measurement of

36 amplitude permeability ................................................................................................... 21

37 Annex B (informative) Root-mean-square method for the measurement of power loss –

38 Example of a circuit and related procedure .................................................................... 23

39 B.1 Method of measurement ....................................................................................... 23

40 B.2 Measuring coil ...................................................................................................... 23

41 B.3 Measuring equipment ............................................................................................ 24

42 B.4 Measuring procedure ............................................................................................ 24

43 B.5 Pulse measurement and accuracy ......................................................................... 25

44 Annex C (informative) Multiplying methods for the measurement of power loss – Basic

45 circuits and related measurement procedures ................................................................ 26

46 C.1 Basic circuits ........................................................................................................ 26

47 C.2 Requirements ....................................................................................................... 27

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
51/1426/CDV 3 IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022

48 C.3 Measuring coil ...................................................................................................... 27

49 C.4 Accuracy ............................................................................................................... 27

50 C.5 V-A-W (volt-ampere-watt) meter method ............................................................... 28

51 C.6 Impedance analyzer method ................................................................................. 28

52 C.7 Digitizing method .................................................................................................. 28

53 C.8 Vector spectrum method ....................................................................................... 29

54 C.9 Cross-power method ............................................................................................. 29

55 Annex D (informative) Reflection method for the measurement of power loss – Basic

56 circuit and related measurement procedures ................................................................. 30

57 D.1 Basic circuit .......................................................................................................... 30

58 D.2 Requirements ....................................................................................................... 30

59 D.3 Measuring coil ...................................................................................................... 30

60 D.4 Measuring procedure and accuracy....................................................................... 30

61 Annex E (informative) Calorimetric measurement methods for the measurement

62 of power loss ................................................................................................................. 32

63 E.1 Basic circuit .......................................................................................................... 32

64 E.2 Requirements ....................................................................................................... 33

65 E.3 Measuring coil ...................................................................................................... 33

66 E.4 Accuracy ............................................................................................................... 33

67 E.5 Measurements at thermal equilibrium .................................................................... 33

68 E.5.1 Measurement across calibrated thermal resistance ........................................ 33

69 E.5.2 Measurement by matching temperature rise in core and resistor .................... 34

70 E.6 Measurements at non-thermal equilibrium ............................................................. 34

71 Annex F (normative) Magnetic properties under pulse condition........................................... 35

72 F.1 Object ................................................................................................................... 35

73 F.2 Terminology .......................................................................................................... 35

74 F.2.1 Pulse excitation without biasing field ............................................................. 35

75 F.2.2 Pulse excitation with biasing field .................................................................. 35

76 F.2.3 Pulse permeability μp ..................................................................................... 36

77 F.2.4 Pulse amplitude U ....................................................................................... 36

78 F.2.5 Pulse duration t ........................................................................................... 36

79 F.2.6 Pulse inductance factor A .......................................................................... 37

80 F.2.7 Voltage-time product limit (U·t) .................................................................. 37

lim

81 F.2.8 Non-linearity (with time) ................................................................................. 37

82 F.2.9 Pulse repetition rate ...................................................................................... 37

83 F.3 Principle of the methods ....................................................................................... 37

84 F.4 Specimens ............................................................................................................ 37

85 F.5 Measuring coil ...................................................................................................... 38

86 F.6 Measuring equipment ............................................................................................ 38

87 F.7 Measuring procedure ............................................................................................ 39

88 F.7.1 General ......................................................................................................... 39

89 F.7.2 Measurement of pulse inductance factor and magnetizing current ................. 40

90 F.7.3 Measurement of the non-linearity of the magnetizing current ......................... 41

91 F.8 Calculation ............................................................................................................ 42

92 Annex G (informative) Examples of circuits for pulse measurements ................................ 44

93 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 45

95 Figure A.1 – Basic circuits for the measurement of amplitude permeability ........................... 22

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022 4 51/1426/CDV

96 Figure B.1 – Example of a measuring circuit for the r.m.s. method ........................................ 23

97 Figure C.1 – Basic circuits for multiplying methods ............................................................... 27

98 Figure D.1 – Basic circuit ...................................................................................................... 30

99 Figure E.1 – Basic circuit and related measurement procedures – Measurement set-up........ 32

100 Figure F.1 – Pulse excitation without biasing field ................................................................. 35

101 Figure F.2 – Pulse excitation with biasing field ...................................................................... 36

102 Figure F.3 – Voltage pulse parameters ................................................................................. 40

103 Figure F.4 – Typical measuring waveforms ........................................................................... 41

104 Figure F.5 – Non-linearity of magnetizing current ............................................................... 42

105 Figure G.1 – Measurement without bias and with single pulses. ............................................ 44

106 Figure G.2 – Measurement with bias and with repeated pulses. ............................................ 44

107

108 Table 1 – Some multiplying methods and related domains of excitation waveforms,

109 acquisition, processing ......................................................................................................... 18

110
111
112
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
51/1426/CDV 5 IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022
113 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
114 ____________
115
116 CORES MADE OF SOFT MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
117 MEASURING METHODS –
118
119 Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level
120
121
122 FOREWORD

123 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national

124 electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all

125 questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC

126 publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and

127 Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC

128 National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental

129 and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with

130 the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between

131 the two organizations.

132 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus

133 of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National

134 Committees.

135 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in

136 that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC

137 cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user.

138 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to

139 the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and

140 the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.

141 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment

142 services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by

143 independent certification bodies.

144 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.

145 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its

146 technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature

147 whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of,

148 or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.

149 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable

150 for the correct application of this publication.

151 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights.

152 IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

153 IEC 62044-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 51: Magnetic components, ferrite and

154 magnetic powder materials. It is an International Standard.

155 This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2000. This edition constitutes a

156 technical revision.

157 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:

158 a) addition of Annex F and Annex G.
159
160 The text of this international standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
51/xxxx/FDIS 51/xxxx/RVD

161 Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in

162 the above table.
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022 6 51/1426/CDV

163 The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.

164 This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in

165 accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available at

166 https://www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are

167 described in greater detail at https://www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.

168 IEC 62044, presented under the general title Cores made of soft magnetic materials –

169 Measuring methods, will include the following parts:
170 Part 1: Generic specification
171 Part 2: Magnetic properties at low excitation level
172 Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level

173 The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the stability

174 date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the specific document.

175 At this date, the document will be
176 • reconfirmed,
177 • withdrawn,
178 • replaced by a revised edition, or
179 • amended.
180
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
51/1426/CDV 7 IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022
181 CORES MADE OF SOFT MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
182 MEASURING METHODS –
183
184 Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation level
185
186
187 1 Scope

188 This part of IEC 62044 specifies measuring methods for power loss and amplitude permeability

189 of magnetic cores forming the closed magnetic circuits intended for use at high excitation levels

190 in inductors, chokes, transformers and similar devices for power electronics applications.

191 The methods given in this document can cover the measurement of magnetic properties for

192 frequencies ranging practically from d.c. to 10 MHz, and even possibly higher, for the

193 calorimetric and reflection methods. The applicability of the individual methods to specific

194 frequency ranges is dependent on the level of accuracy that is to be obtained.

195 The methods in this standard are basically the most suitable for sine-wave excitations. Other

196 periodic waveforms can also be used; however, adequate accuracy can only be obtained if the

197 measuring circuitry and instruments used are able to handle and process the amplitudes and

198 phases of the signals involved within the frequency spectrum corresponding to the given

199 magnetic flux density and field strength waveforms with only slightly degraded accuracy.

200 NOTE It can be necessary for some magnetically soft metallic materials to follow specific general principles,

201 customary for these materials, related to the preparation of specimens and prescribed calculations. These principles

202 are formulated in IEC 60404-8-6.
203 2 Normative references

204 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

205 constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.

206 For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any

207 amendments) applies.
208 IEC 60205, Calculation of the effective parameters of magnetic piece parts

209 IEC 60401-3:2015, Ferrite materials – Guide on the format of data appearing in manufacturers’

210 catalogues of transformer and inductor cores
211 IEC 61332:2016, Soft ferrite material classification

212 IEC 62044-1:2002, Cores made of soft magnetic materials - Measuring methods - Part 1:

213 Generic specification
214 3 Terms, definitions and symbols

215 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

216 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following

217 addresses:
218 – IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
219 – ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
220
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022 8 51/1426/CDV
221 3.1 Definitions
222 3.1.1
223 (effective) amplitude permeability
224 amplitude permeability: µ , effective amplitude permeability: μ
a ea

225 magnetic permeability obtained from the peak value of the effective magnetic flux density, B ,

226 and the peak value of the effective magnetic field strength, H , at the stated value of either,

227 when the magnetic flux density and magnetic field vary periodically with time and with an

228 average of zero, and the material is initially in a specified neutralized state

229 Note 1 to entry: This definition differs from that of IEC 60050 [221-03-07].
230 Note 2 to entry: Two amplitude permeabilities are in common use, namely:

231 – that in which the peak values apply to the actual waveforms of the magnetic flux density and field strength,

232 – that in which the peak values apply to the fundamental components of waveforms of the magnetic flux density

233 and the field

234 Note 3 to entry: The magnetic flux density and the field strength and, consequently, the amplitude permeability may

235 even be quasi-static quantities, provided the core is cyclically magnetized and no excursion of the B-H curve appears.

236 3.1.2
237 maximum (effective) amplitude permeability
238 μ
ea max

239 maximum value of the (effective) amplitude permeability when the amplitude of excitation ( B

240 or ) is varied
241 3.1.3
242 excitation

243 either magnetic flux density or field strength for which the waveform and amplitude both remain

244 within the specified tolerance

245 Note 1 to entry: When the magnetic flux density (field strength) mode of excitation is chosen, the resultant waveform

246 of field strength (magnetic flux density) may be distorted with respect to the excitation waveform due to the non-

247 linear behaviour of the magnetic material.
248 3.1.4
249 high excitation level

250 excitation at which the permeability depends on excitation amplitude (particularly at low

251 frequencies) and/or at which the power loss results in a noticeable temperature rise (particularly

252 at high frequencies)
253 3.1.5
254 exciting winding

255 winding of measuring coil to which the exciting voltage is applied or through which the exciting

256 current is flowing
257 3.1.6
258 voltage sensing winding

259 unloaded winding of a measuring coil across which the electromotive force induced by the

260 excitation may be determined
261 3.1.7
262 measuring winding

263 winding, usually secondary, loaded or unloaded, which can be used for measurement apart

264 from the exciting and/or voltage sensing winding
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
51/1426/CDV 9 IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022
265 3.1.8
266 power loss
267 power absorbed by the core
268 3.2 Symbols

269 All the formulae in this standard use basic SI units. When multiples or sub-multiples are used,

270 the appropriate power of 10 shall be introduced.
271 A effective cross-sectional area of the core
272 B peak value of the effective magnetic flux density in the core
273 f frequency
274 H peak value of the effective magnetic field strength in the core
275 l effective magnetic path length of the core
276 L inductance
277 i instantaneous value of the current
278 I current
279 N number of turns of winding of the measuring coil
280 P power loss in the core
281 Q quality factor of the core for a given frequency
282 R resistance
283 t time
284 T temperature
285 u instantaneous value of the voltage
286 U voltage
287 V effective volume of the core
288 δ relative error, deviation, etc.
289 ∆ absolute error, deviation, etc.
290 µ (effective) amplitude permeability
291 µ magnetic constant : approximately 4π ×10 H/m
292 π the number 3,14159...
293 ϕ phase shift
294 ω angular frequency = 2πf

295 NOTE 1 Additional subscript, upper script, etc. gives a more specific meaning to the given symbol.

296 NOTE 2 Symbols which are used sporadically are defined in the place where they appear in the text.

297 NOTE 3 Effective parameters, such as effective magnetic path length, l , effective cross-sectional area, A , and

e e

298 effective volume of the core, V , are calculated in accordance with IEC 60205.

299 NOTE 4 In the further text of this standard, the terms magnetic flux density and field strength stand for the shortened

300 terms magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength.
301
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN IEC 62044-3:2023
IEC CDV 62044-3 © IEC 2022 10 51/1426/CDV
302 4 General precautions for measurements at high excitation level
303 4.1 General statements
304 4.1.1 Relation to practice

305 The measuring conditions, methods and procedures shall be chosen in such a way that the

306 measured results are suitable for predicting the performance of the core under practical

307 circumstances. This does not imply that all these stipulations, especially those related to the

308 excitation waveforms, have to correspond to terms encountered in practice.
309 4.1.2 Core effective parameters and material properties

310 Since the core is in general of non-uniform cross-section and generally has non-uniformly

311 distributed windings along the core path, the measurement does not yield the amplitude

312 permeability and the power loss of the material, but the effective values of these parameters

ˆ ˆ

313 appropriate to the effective magnetic flux density B and the effective field stren

...