ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)

Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Seamless integration of satellite and/or HAPS (High Altitude Platform Station) systems into 5G and related architecture options

DTR/SES-00405

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Technical Committee: SES SCN - Satellite Communications and Navigation
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 13-May-2020
• Completion Date: 02-Jun-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)






TECHNICAL REPORT
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Seamless integration of satellite and/or HAPS
(High Altitude Platform Station) systems into 5G
and related architecture options

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2 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)



Reference
DTR/SES-00405
Keywords
5G, cellular, HAPS, navigation, radio, satellite,
use case
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3 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 6
Foreword . 6
Modal verbs terminology . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Terms . 9
3.2 Symbols . 12
3.3 Abbreviations . 12
4 5G Connectivity using Satellites or HAPSs . 15
4.1 Background . 15
4.2 Roles of satellite and HAPS based access networks in 5G system . 15
4.3 5G Use Cases wherein satellite or HAPS access networks have a role . 17
4.4 Use Cases of satellite access in 5G . 18
4.5 Satellite or HAPS access networks design principles for 5G . 19
5 Non-Terrestrial networks and 5G system . 19
5.1 Non-terrestrial network types . 19
5.2 Recall of 5G reference system architecture overview . 19
5.3 Generic NTN Reference System Architecture . 20
6 Integration scenarios of Non-Terrestrial Network in 5G system (Bent pipe) . 21
6.1 Integration options and related architectures . 21
6.2 Scenario A1 - Direct 3GPP access . 22
6.2.1 Principles . 22
6.2.2 Logical architecture . 24
6.2.3 Considerations on 3GPP procedures implementation in NTN . 25
6.2.3.1 Relaying . 25
6.2.3.2 Transport of CP, UP of NTN NT UE . 25
6.2.3.3 Multiplexing node . 25
6.2.3.4 Access and Mobility managements . 25
6.2.4 Performance considerations . 26
6.2.5 Potential areas of impact on 3GPP system architecture . 27
6.3 Scenario A2 - Indirect 3GPP access . 28
6.3.1 Principles . 28
6.3.2 Logical architecture . 29
6.3.3 Considerations on 3GPP procedures implementation in NTN . 30
6.3.3.1 Relaying . 30
6.3.3.2 Transport of CP, UP of UE and CP of the local gNB . 31
6.3.3.3 Multiplexing node . 32
6.3.3.4 Access and Mobility managements . 32
6.3.4 Performance considerations . 32
6.3.5 Potential areas of impact on 3GPP system architecture . 32
6.4 Scenario A3 - Indirect mixed 3GPP NTN access . 35
6.4.1 Principles . 35
6.4.2 Logical architecture . 37
6.4.3 Considerations on 3GPP procedures implementation in NTN . 39
6.4.3.1 Relaying . 39
6.4.3.2 Transport of CP, UP of UE and CP of the local gNB . 39
6.4.3.3 Multiplexing node . 40
6.4.3.4 Access and Mobility managements . 40
6.4.4 Performance considerations . 40
6.4.5 Potential areas of impact on 3GPP system architecture . 40
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4 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)
6.5 Scenario A4 - Indirect access via transport network . 43
6.5.1 Principles . 43
6.5.2 Logical architecture . 44
6.5.3 Considerations on 3GPP procedures implementation in NTN . 46
6.5.3.1 Transfer capacity . 46
6.5.3.2 Transport of CP, UP of UE and CP of the local gNB . 46
6.5.3.3 Multiplexing node . 46
6.5.3.4 Access and Mobility managements . 46
6.5.4 Performance considerations . 47
6.5.5 Potential areas of impact on 3GPP system architecture . 47
6.6 Scenario A5 - Indirect untrusted access . 48
6.6.1 Principles . 48
6.6.2 Logical architecture . 49
6.6.3 Considerations on 3GPP procedures implementation in NTN . 51
6.6.3.1 Transfer capacity . 51
6.6.3.2 Transport of CP, UP of UE and CP of the local gNB . 51
6.6.3.3 Multiplexing node . 52
6.6.3.4 Access and Mobility managements . 52
6.6.4 Performance considerations . 52
6.6.5 Potential areas of impact on 3GPP system architecture . 52
7 Comparison of the integration scenarios . 55
8 Potential areas of impact on 3GPP standards . 56
Annex A: Clarifications . 59
A.1 N3IWF functions and Y1, Y2, NWu reference points . 59
A.2 Ni Reference Points (alias Ni interfaces) . 60
A.3 Distributed NTN enabled RAN architecture and 3GPP F1 interface principles . 61
A.3.1 Distributed RAN architecture . 61
A.3.2 3GPP F1 interface principles . 63
A.4 Protocols layers instantiation - Examples. 64
A.4.1 Scenario A1, Option 1 - Direct 3GPP access . 64
A.4.1.1 NTN NT UE User plane for a PDU session . 64
A.4.1.2 NTN NT UE Control plane . 67
A.4.2 Scenario A2 - Option 1 - Indirect 3GPP Access . 69
A.4.2.1 UE User plane for a PDU session . 69
A.4.2.2 UE Control plane . 71
A.4.3 Scenario A1, Option 2 - Direct 3GPP acces with distributed NTN enabled gNB, F1 interface between

NTN GW and NTN LT gNB . 74
A.4.3.1 Principles . 74
A.4.3.2 NTN NT UE User plane for a PDU session . 74
A.4.3.3 NTN NT UE Control plane . 75
A.4.4 Scenario A2, Option 2 – Indirect 3GPP acces with distributed NTN enabled gNB, F1 interface between
NTN GW and NTN LT gNB . 77
A.4.4.1 Principles . 77
A.4.4.2 UE User plane for a PDU session . 77
A.4.4.3 UE Control plane . 78
A.5 Statistical multiplexing gain principle . 79
A.6 Considerations on NTN implementation . 79
A.7 Considerations on protocol layers implementation in the NTN . 79
A.8 Performance considerations provided by the relaying & multiplexing functions in the NTN NT
UE. 80
A.9 Performance considerations provided by the relaying & multiplexing functions in the VSAT . 81
A.10 Latency estimations, per deployment scenario and per scenario A1 architecture option . 82
A.10.1 Methodology for latency estimations . 82
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5 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)
A.10.2 Latency for GEO deployment scenario . 82
A.10.3 Latency for MEO at 10 000 km scenario deployment . 83
A.10.4 Latency for LEO at 600 km deployment scenarios . 83
A.11 Other performance and dimensioning considerations . 84
A.12 Coordination with management systems . 85
History . 87


ETSI

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6 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and Systems
(SES).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

ETSI

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7 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)
1 Scope
The present document identifies how to integrate satellite and/or HAPS communication systems in 5G system for
relevant use cases. The report identifies the necessary standardization activity in relation to the integration of satellite or
HAPS in the 5G system.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long-term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ARIB 2020 and Beyond Ad Hoc Group White Paper, October 2014.
NOTE: Available at https://www.arib.or.jp/english/image/committee/adwics/02-00_2020bah/20bah-wp-100.pdf.
[i.2] NGMN 5G White Paper v1.0.
[i.3] ESOA 5G White Paper, "Satellite Communications Services: An integral part of the 5G
Ecosystem,", European and middle east Satellite Operator Association, 2017 (www.esoa.net).
NOTE: Available at https://www.esoa.net/cms-data/positions/ESOA5G%20Ecosystem.pdf
[i.4] European Commission H2020 5G PPP project "SaT5G" (Satellite and Terrestrial Network for 5G),
2017.
NOTE: Available at: http://sat5g-project.eu/.
[i.5] European Commission, "5G for Europe: An Action Plan,", 14 September 2016.
NOTE: Available at http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=17131.
[i.6] 3GPP TR 38.811: "Study on New Radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks".
[i.7] ETSI TS 123 501: "5G; System architecture for the 5G System (5GS) (3GPP TS 23.501
Release 15)".
[i.8] ETSI TS 123 401: "LTE; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved
Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access (3GPP TS 23.401 Release 15)".
[i.9] 3GPP TR 36.806: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Relay architectures for
E-UTRA (LTE-Advanced) (Release 9)".
[i.10] ETSI TS 123 502: "5G; Procedures for the 5G System (5GS) (3GPP TS 23.502 Release 15)".
[i.11] IETF RFC 4555: "IKEv2 Mobility and Multi-homing Protocol (MOBIKE)".
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8 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)
[i.12] Equivalent capacity and its application to bandwidth allocation in high-speed networks; R. Guerin,
H. Ahmadi, M. Naghshineh ; IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (Volume: 9,
Issue: 7, Sep 1991).
[i.13] "Communicating Systems & Networks: Traffic & Performance". Georges Fiche, Gérard
Hébuterne; London; Sterling, VA : Kogan Page Science, 2004.
[i.14] ETSI TS 138 470: "5G; NG-RAN; F1 general aspects and principles (3GPP TS 38.470
Release 15)".
[i.15] ETSI TS 136 300: "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved
Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (3GPP
TS 36.300)".
[i.16] ETSI TS 138 300: "5G; NR; Overall description; Stage-2 (3GPP TS 38.300 Release 15)".
[i.17] ETSI TS 138 473: "5G; NG-RAN; F1 Application Protocol (F1AP) (3GPP TS 38.473
Release 15)".
[i.18] 3GPP TS 38.475: "Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; NG Radio Access
Network (NG-RAN); F1 interface user plane protocol (Release 15)".
[i.19] ETSI TS 132 240: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management; Charging
management; Charging architecture and principles (3GPP TS 32.240)".
[i.20] ETSI TS 133 501: "5G; Security architecture and procedures for 5G System (3GPP TS 33.501
Release 15)".
[i.21] 3GPP TR 38.874: "Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Study on Integrated
Access and Backhaul (Release 15)".
[i.22] 3GPP TR 22.822: "Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Study on using
Satellite Access in 5G; Stage 1 (Release 16)".
[i.23] ETSI TS 138 401: "5G; NG-RAN; Architecture description (3GPP TS 38.401 Release 15)".
[i.24] ETSI TS 128 530: "5G; Management and orchestration; Concepts, use cases and requirements
(3GPP TS 28.530 Release 15)".
[i.25] ETSI TS 102 354: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Transparent Satellite Star - B
(TSS-B); IP over Satellite (IPoS) Air Interface Specification [TIA-1008-B (April 2012)]".
[i.26] RESOLUTION 155 (WRC-15) "Regulatory provisions related to earth stations on board
unmanned aircraft which operate with geostationary-satellite networks in the fixed-satellite service
in certain frequency bands not subject to a Plan of Appendices 30, 30A and 30B for the control
and non-payload communications of unmanned aircraft systems in non-segregated airspaces".
NOTE: Available at https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/space/snl/Documents/RES-155.pdf
™
[i.27] IEEE 802.1ad -2005: "IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks -- Virtual
Bridged Local Area Networks -- Amendment 4: Provider Bridges".
NOTE: Available at https://standards.ieee.org/standard/802_1ad-2005.html.
™
[i.28] IEEE 802.1ah -2008: "IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks -- Virtual
Bridged Local Area Networks Amendment 7: Provider Backbone Bridges".
NOTE: Available at https://standards.ieee.org/standard/802_1ah-2008.html.
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9 ETSI TR 103 611 V1.1.1 (2020-06)
™
[i.29] IEEE 802.11 -2016: "IEEE Standard for Information technology -- Telecommunications and
information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks -- Specific
requirements -- Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY)
Specifications".
NOTE: Available at https://standards.ieee.org/standard/802_11-2016.html.
™
[i.30] IEEE Std 1914.3 (2018): "IEEE Standard for Radio over Ethernet Encapsulations and
Mappings".
NOTE: Available at https://standards.ieee.org/standard/1914_3-2018.html.
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
3GPP defined NTN access network: NTN which implements a 3GPP Access Networks
5G Access Network: 3GPP Access Network (NR-RAN) connecting to a 5G Core Network
5G higher protocol layers: set of 5G protocols layers that include:
• In the control plane: NAS-MM, NAS-SM, NG-AP, RRC, SCTP over IP, IP
• In the user plane: PDU layer (e.g. IP), GTP-U, 5GUPE, UDP, IP
NOTE 1: NAS-MM, NAS-SM, PDU layer are defined at the UE- 5G CN interface (in the control plane).
NOTE 2: 5GUPE is defined at internal interface within the 5G CN (in the user plane).
NOTE 3: NG-AP, SCTP are defined at the NG-C interface between the RAN and the 5G CN (in the control plane).
NOTE 4: RRC is defined at the UE-gNB interface (both in the control and user planes). RRC is a cross-layer in the
UE, interfacing both with PDCP, MAC and Physical local sub-layers.
NOTE 5: GTP-U is defined at the NG-U interface between the RAN and the 5G CN (in the user plane).
5G Service Enablers: enabling features for the 5G service types including eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband),
mMTC (Massive Machine Type Communications), and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications)
5G Use Case: particular case of how the 5G system is used
NOTE: See "Use case" definition.
access point: network entity providing an access to UEs or local RAN to the 5G CN, this access being either a 3GPP
access or a non-3GPP access
NOTE: This definition conforms to the following ETSI terminology "device providing an interface between a
Wide Area Network (WAN) and a local network".
aircraft: airborne vehicle including High Altitude Platforms (HAPs)
NOTE 1: As part of wireless network, aircraft embarks relay nodes or base stations for connection with UE's.
Aircraft may also be interconnected together by means of Inter-HAPS Links.
NOTE 2: This may also refer to Unm
...