ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)

Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3; TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Advanced Parameterization

RES/MTS-202784ed181

Metode za preskušanje in specificiranje (MTS) - 3. različica zapisa preskušanja in krmiljenja preskusov - Razširitev nabora jezikov TTCN-3: napredno parametriranje

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Technical Committee: MTS - Methods for Testing & Specification
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 14-Jun-2021
• Completion Date: 03-Jun-2021
• Ref Project: SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021 - Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS) - The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3 - TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Advanced Parameterization

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)






ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Advanced Parameterization

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2 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)

Reference
RES/MTS-202784ed181
Keywords
conformance, testing, TTCN-3

ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - APE 7112B
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° w061004871

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
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print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
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No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
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The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2021.
All rights reserved.

ETSI

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3 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 6
3.1 Terms . 6
3.2 Symbols . 6
3.3 Abbreviations . 6
4 Package conformance and compatibility . 7
5 Package concepts for the core language . 7
5.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 4 (Introduction) . 7
5.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 5 (Basic language elements) . 7
5.3 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 6 (Types and values). 12
5.4 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 8 (Modules) . 13
5.5 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, annex A (BNF and static semantics) . 13
5.6 Extension to ETSI ES 203 790, clause 5.1 (Classes and Objects) . 14
5.7 Extension to ETSI ES 203 790, clause A.3 (Additional TTCN-3 syntax BNF productions) . 15
6 Package semantics . 15
6.0 General . 15
6.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-4, clause 6 (Restrictions) . 15
7 TRI and Extended TRI extensions for the package . 16
7.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-5 . 16
7.2 Extension to ETSI ES 202 789, clause 7 (TRI extensions for the package) . 16
8 TCI extensions for the package . 17
8.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 7 (TTCN 3 control interface and operations) . 17
8.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 8 (Java™ language mapping) . 19
8.3 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 9 (ANSI C language mapping) . 20
8.4 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 10 (C++ language mapping) . 21
8.6 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, annex A (IDL Specification of TCI) . 22
9 Package Extensions for the use of ASN.1 with TTCN-3 . 23
9.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-7, clause 10 (Parameterization in ASN.1) . 23
10 Documentation extensions for the package . 26
10.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-10, clause 6 (Tagged paragraphs) . 26
10.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-10, annex A (where Tags can be used) . 27
History . 28

ETSI

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4 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The declarations
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, are publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be
found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to
ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the
ETSI Web server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI Directives including the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation regarding the essentiality of IPRs,
including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not
referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become,
essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
DECT™, PLUGTESTS™, UMTS™ and the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its

Members. 3GPP™ and LTE™ are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP
Organizational Partners. oneM2M™ logo is a trademark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the
®
oneM2M Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
Foreword
This ETSI Standard (ES) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Methods for Testing and Specification
(MTS).
The use of underline (additional text) and strike through (deleted text) highlights the differences between base
document and extended documents.
The present document relates to the multi-part standard ETSI ES 201 873 covering the Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3, as identified in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1].
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI

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5 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
1 Scope
The present document defines the Advanced Parameterization package of TTCN-3. TTCN-3 can be used for the
specification of all types of reactive system tests over a variety of communication ports. Typical areas of application are
protocol testing (including mobile and Internet protocols), service testing (including supplementary services), module
testing, testing of CORBA based platforms, APIs, etc. TTCN-3 is not restricted to conformance testing and can be used
for many other kinds of testing including interoperability, robustness, regression, system and integration testing. The
specification of test suites for physical layer protocols is outside the scope of the present document.
TTCN-3 packages are intended to define additional TTCN-3 concepts, which are not mandatory as concepts in the
TTCN-3 core language, but which are optional as part of a package which is suited for dedicated applications and/or
usages of TTCN-3.
This package defines:
• Value parameters of types.
• Type parameterization.
While the design of TTCN-3 package has taken into account the consistency of a combined usage of the core language
with a number of packages, the concrete usages of and guidelines for this package in combination with other packages
is outside the scope of the present document.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI ES 201 873-1: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language".
[2] ETSI ES 201 873-4: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 4: TTCN-3 Operational Semantics".
[3] ETSI ES 201 873-5: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 5: TTCN-3 Runtime Interface (TRI)".
[4] ETSI ES 201 873-6: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 6: TTCN-3 Control Interface (TCI)".
[5] ETSI ES 201 873-7: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 7: Using ASN.1 with TTCN-3".
[6] ETSI ES 201 873-10: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test
Control Notation version 3; Part 10: TTCN-3 Documentation Comment Specification".
[7] ISO/IEC 9646-1: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Conformance testing
methodology and framework; Part 1: General concepts".
ETSI

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6 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
[8] ETSI ES 201 873-8: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 8: The IDL to TTCN-3 Mapping".
[9] ETSI ES 201 873-9: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 9: Using XML schema with TTCN-3".
[10] Recommendation ITU-T X.683: "Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One
(ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1 specifications".
[11] ETSI ES 202 789: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Extended TRI".
[12] ETSI ES 203 790: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Object-Oriented Features".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
Not applicable.
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2], ETSI
ES 201 873-5 [3], ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6], ISO/IEC 9646-1 [7] and
the following apply:
subtype compatibility: type "A" has a subtype compatibility to another type "B" if all of the values of type A are type
compatible with type "B"
NOTE: All subtypes defined via subtype definition are subtype compatible with their supertype.
type parameterization: ability to pass a type as an actual parameter into a parameterized object via a type parameter
NOTE: This actual type parameter is added to the specification of that object and may complete it.
3.2 Symbols
Void.
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2],
ETSI ES 201 873-5 [3], ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6] and
ISO/IEC 9646-1 [7] apply.
ETSI

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7 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
4 Package conformance and compatibility
The package presented in the present document is identified by the package tag:
• "TTCN-3:2014 Advanced Parameterization" - to be used with modules complying with the present
document.
NOTE: This version of the package only extends the previous versions, identified with the package tag
"TTCN-3:2009 Advanced Parameterization", with the option of parameterizing objects - in
addition to types - also with signatures. For this reason, modules not containing a formal or actual
parameter of the kind signature are compatible with both versions.
For an implementation claiming to conform to this package version, all features specified in the present document shall
be implemented consistently with the requirements given in the present document, in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1] and in
ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2].
The package presented in the present document is compatible to:
• ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-5 [3], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-8 [8], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-9 [9], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6], version 4.5.1.
If later versions of those parts are available and should be used instead, the compatibility to the package presented in the
present document has to be checked individually.
5 Package concepts for the core language
5.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 4 (Introduction)
The present package adds the following essential characteristic to TTCN-3:
• type parameterization.
5.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 5 (Basic language
elements)
Clause 5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters
Add the following text:
Additionally, formal type parameters can be used as types of formal value parameters, return values, runs on and
system clauses, where applicable.
Clause 5.4 Parameterization
Additionally, TTCN-3 supports type and signature parameterization.
ETSI

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8 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
Replace table 2 "Overview of parameterizable TTCN-3 objects" with the following table 2.
Table 2: Overview of parameterizable TTCN-3 objects
Keyword Allowed kind of Allowed form of non- Allowed types in formal non-type parameter lists
Parameterization type Parameterization
module Value parameterization Static at start of run-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
type.
type Value parameterization, Static at compile-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
(notes 1 and 2) type parameterization, type.
signature parameterization
template Value and template Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
template.
parameterization, type
parameterization
function Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
(note 1) timer parameterization, component type, port type, default, template and
type parameterization,
timer.
signature parameterization
altstep Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
(note 1) timer parameterization, component type, port type, default, template and
type parameterization,
timer.
signature parameterization
testcase Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types and of all user-defined types, address
(note 1) timer parameterization,
type, template.
type parameterization,
signature parameterization
signature Value and template Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
parameterization, type
type, component type.
parameterization
NOTE 1: Type and signature parameterization are always static at compile-time.
NOTE 2: Only port and component types are parameterizable with signature formal parameters.

Clause 5.4.1 Formal parameters
All types in TTCN-3 may be parameterized.
Clause 5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value
In addition to the existing rules, TTCN-3 supports value parameterizations as follows:
• the value parameters of user-defined types shall be in parameters;
• the language element signature does not support static value parameterization.
Modify the text as follows:
Restriction a) is relaxed to:
a) Language elements which cannot be parameterized are: const, var, timer, control, record of, set of,
enumerated, port, component and sub-type definitions, group and import.
Restriction e) is changed to:
e) The expression of formal parameter's default value has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The
expression may be any expression that is well-defined at the beginning of the scope of the parameterized
entity, but shall not refer to other parameters of the same or any following parameter list.
Clause 5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template
Restriction d) is changed to:
d) The default template instance has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The template instance may
be any template expression that is well-defined at the beginning of the scope of the parameterized entity, but
shall not refer to other parameters in the same or any following parameter list.
ETSI

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9 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
Clause 5.4.1 Formal Parameters
Is extended by the following clause:
Clause 5.4.1.5 Formal parameters of kind type and signature
Type, template and behaviour definitions in TTCN-3 can have parameters of kind type.
Syntactical Structure
[ in ] [ TypeIdentifier | type | signature ] TypeParIdentifier [ ":=" ( Type | Signature ) ]

Semantic Description
Types and signatures passed into a parameterized object can be used inside the definition of that object. This includes
the usage as type of value, template, and port parameters, as type of return values and within runs on and system
clauses of behaviour definitions.
Any type and signature parameterization shall be resolved statically.
Type and signature parameters shall be written in a separate parameter list, enclosed in angle brackets.
Parameters of type kind may have a default type, which is given by a type assigned to the parameter. Similarly,
parameters of signature kind may own a default signature, which is identified by assigning a signature to the parameter.
The actual parameters of a type parameter can be required to be subtype compatible with a specific type. This is
indicated by referring to a specific type in the formal parameter list instead of using the keyword type.
Restrictions
a) Formal type and signature parameters shall be in parameters, which can optionally be indicated by the optional
keyword in.
b) When a TypeIdentifier is used to specify the kind of the formal parameter, the default types shall be subtype
compatible with the type of the parameter. For type compatibility see ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1] TTCN-3 Core
Language, clause 6.3. The default type shall not refer to other type parameters in the same parameter list.
c) Void.
d) Void.
Examples
// Definition of a list and a check function
type record of T MyList ;
function isElement (in MyList list, in T elem) return boolean { … }

// Definition of a protocol message
type record Data {
 Header   hdr,
 PayloadType payload
}

// restricting the actual type parameters
// the function can create a component of a type that is an extension of CT.
type component CT { timer t_guard };
function MyFunction (in integer p) runs on CT {
 var Comp c := Comp.create;
 :
};

function MyIntegerFunction(I p) return I {
  // actual parameter for I shall be subtype compatible to integer
  :
}

ETSI

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10 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
Clause 5.4.1.1 Formal Parameters of kind value
Formal parameters with default values are additionally restricted by:
Restrictions
Replace the text as follows:
e) The expression of the default value has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The expression shall
not refer to elements of the component type of the optional runs on clause. The expression shall not refer to
other parameters of the same parameter list. The expression shall not contain the invocation of functions with a
runs on clause.
e) The type of a value parameter with a default value shall not be a type parameter.
Clause 5.4.1.2 Formal Parameters of kind template
Formal parameters with default templates are additionally restricted by:
Restrictions
Replace the text as follows:
a) Only function, testcase, altstep and template definitions may have formal template parameters.
a) The type of a template parameter with a default template shall not be a type parameter.
Clause 5.4.2 Actual Parameters
Is extended by a new clause:
Clause 5.4.2.1 Actual type parameters
Types can be passed into parameterized TTCN-3 objects as actual type parameters. Signatures can be passed into
parameterized TTCN-3 objects as actual signature parameters. Actual type and signature parameters can be provided
both as a list in the same order as the formal parameters as well as in an assignment notation, explicitly using the
associated formal parameter names. They can also be provided in mixed form, starting with actual parameters in list
notation followed by additional ones in assignment notation.
Actual types can also be given as anonymous nested constructed types.
Syntactical Structure

[ TypeParIdentifier ":=" ] ( Type | Signature | NestedTypeDef )

Semantic Description
Actual type parameters that are passed to formal type parameters shall be types or formal type parameters or nested type
definitions. Actual signature parameters that are passed to formal signature parameters shall be signatures or formal
signature parameters. Any compatible type/signature can be passed as actual parameter, i.e. actual parameters are not
limited to those types/signatures only known in the module containing the parameterized definition itself. Formal type
and signature parameters passed as parameters are those from the enclosing scope unit.
An empty type/signature parameter list can be omitted in both the declaration and usage of that object.
Restrictions
a) When using list notation, the order of elements in the actual parameter list shall be the same as their order in
the corresponding formal parameter list. For each formal parameter without a default type/signature there
shall be an actual parameter. If a formal parameter with a default is followed by a formal parameter without a
default, the actual parameter can be skipped by using dash "-" as actual parameter. If a formal parameter with
a default is not followed by a parameter without a default, then the actual parameter can simply be omitted.
ETSI

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11 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
b) When using assignment notation, each formal parameter shall be assigned an actual parameter at most once.
For each formal parameter without default type or signature, there shall be an actual parameter. To use the
default type or signature of a formal parameter, no assignment for this specific parameter shall be provided.
c) If a formal parameter was defined using a specific component type, then the actual parameter shall be
compatible with the type of the formal parameter. For type compatibility of component types see ETSI
ES 201 873-1 [1], clause 6.3.3.
d) Instantiating formal type or signature parameters with actual types/signatures shall result in valid TTCN-3.
EXAMPLE 1: Type parameterization.
function f (in T a, in T b) return T {
  return a + b}
var integer c := f(1, 2); // correct call, result 3
var integer c := f(true, false); // incorrect

EXAMPLE 2: Signature parameterization.
type port P procedure { inout S }

function g (integer a, P p) return integer {
  var integer result;
  p.call(s:{a},
...

Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)






ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Advanced Parameterization

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)



Reference
RES/MTS-202784ed181
Keywords
conformance, testing, TTCN-3
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the prevailing version of an ETSI
deliverable is the one made publicly available in PDF format at www.etsi.org/deliver.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2021.
All rights reserved.

DECT™, PLUGTESTS™, UMTS™ and the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.

3GPP™ and LTE™ are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
oneM2M™ logo is a trademark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the oneM2M Partners.
®
GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 6
3.1 Terms . 6
3.2 Symbols . 6
3.3 Abbreviations . 6
4 Package conformance and compatibility . 7
5 Package concepts for the core language . 7
5.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 4 (Introduction) . 7
5.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 5 (Basic language elements) . 7
5.3 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 6 (Types and values). 12
5.4 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 8 (Modules) . 13
5.5 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, annex A (BNF and static semantics) . 13
5.6 Extension to ETSI ES 203 790, clause 5.1 (Classes and Objects) . 14
5.7 Extension to ETSI ES 203 790, clause A.3 (Additional TTCN-3 syntax BNF productions) . 15
6 Package semantics . 15
6.0 General . 15
6.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-4, clause 6 (Restrictions) . 15
7 TRI and Extended TRI extensions for the package . 16
7.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-5 . 16
7.2 Extension to ETSI ES 202 789, clause 7 (TRI extensions for the package) . 16
8 TCI extensions for the package . 17
8.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 7 (TTCN 3 control interface and operations) . 17
8.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 8 (Java™ language mapping) . 19
8.3 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 9 (ANSI C language mapping) . 20
8.4 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 10 (C++ language mapping) . 21
8.6 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, annex A (IDL Specification of TCI) . 22
9 Package Extensions for the use of ASN.1 with TTCN-3 . 23
9.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-7, clause 10 (Parameterization in ASN.1) . 23
10 Documentation extensions for the package . 26
10.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-10, clause 6 (Tagged paragraphs) . 26
10.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-10, annex A (where Tags can be used) . 27
History . 28

ETSI

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4 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This final draft ETSI Standard (ES) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Methods for Testing and
Specification (MTS), and is now submitted for the ETSI standards Membership Approval Procedure.
The use of underline (additional text) and strike through (deleted text) highlights the differences between base
document and extended documents.
The present document relates to the multi-part standard ETSI ES 201 873 covering the Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3, as identified in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1].

Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI

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5 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
1 Scope
The present document defines the Advanced Parameterization package of TTCN-3. TTCN-3 can be used for the
specification of all types of reactive system tests over a variety of communication ports. Typical areas of application are
protocol testing (including mobile and Internet protocols), service testing (including supplementary services), module
testing, testing of CORBA based platforms, APIs, etc. TTCN-3 is not restricted to conformance testing and can be used
for many other kinds of testing including interoperability, robustness, regression, system and integration testing. The
specification of test suites for physical layer protocols is outside the scope of the present document.
TTCN-3 packages are intended to define additional TTCN-3 concepts, which are not mandatory as concepts in the
TTCN-3 core language, but which are optional as part of a package which is suited for dedicated applications and/or
usages of TTCN-3.
This package defines:
• Value parameters of types.
• Type parameterization.
While the design of TTCN-3 package has taken into account the consistency of a combined usage of the core language
with a number of packages, the concrete usages of and guidelines for this package in combination with other packages
is outside the scope of the present document.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI ES 201 873-1: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language".
[2] ETSI ES 201 873-4: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 4: TTCN-3 Operational Semantics".
[3] ETSI ES 201 873-5: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 5: TTCN-3 Runtime Interface (TRI)".
[4] ETSI ES 201 873-6: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 6: TTCN-3 Control Interface (TCI)".
[5] ETSI ES 201 873-7: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 7: Using ASN.1 with TTCN-3".
[6] ETSI ES 201 873-10: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test
Control Notation version 3; Part 10: TTCN-3 Documentation Comment Specification".
[7] ISO/IEC 9646-1: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Conformance testing
methodology and framework; Part 1: General concepts".
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6 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
[8] ETSI ES 201 873-8: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 8: The IDL to TTCN-3 Mapping".
[9] ETSI ES 201 873-9: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 9: Using XML schema with TTCN-3".
[10] Recommendation ITU-T X.683: "Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One
(ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1 specifications".
[11] ETSI ES 202 789: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Extended TRI".
[12] ETSI ES 203 790: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Object-Oriented Features".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
Not applicable.
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2], ETSI
ES 201 873-5 [3], ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6], ISO/IEC 9646-1 [7] and
the following apply:
subtype compatibility: type "A" has a subtype compatibility to another type "B" if all of the values of type A are type
compatible with type "B"
NOTE: All subtypes defined via subtype definition are subtype compatible with their supertype.
type parameterization: ability to pass a type as an actual parameter into a parameterized object via a type parameter
NOTE: This actual type parameter is added to the specification of that object and may complete it.
3.2 Symbols
Void.
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2],
ETSI ES 201 873-5 [3], ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6] and
ISO/IEC 9646-1 [7] apply.
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7 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
4 Package conformance and compatibility
The package presented in the present document is identified by the package tag:
• "TTCN-3:2014 Advanced Parameterization" - to be used with modules complying with the present
document.
NOTE: This version of the package only extends the previous versions, identified with the package tag
"TTCN-3:2009 Advanced Parameterization", with the option of parameterizing objects - in
addition to types - also with signatures. For this reason, modules not containing a formal or actual
parameter of the kind signature are compatible with both versions.
For an implementation claiming to conform to this package version, all features specified in the present document shall
be implemented consistently with the requirements given in the present document, in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1] and in
ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2].
The package presented in the present document is compatible to:
• ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-5 [3], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-8 [8], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-9 [9], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6], version 4.5.1.
If later versions of those parts are available and should be used instead, the compatibility to the package presented in the
present document has to be checked individually.
5 Package concepts for the core language
5.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 4 (Introduction)
The present package adds the following essential characteristic to TTCN-3:
• type parameterization.
5.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 5 (Basic language
elements)
Clause 5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters
Add the following text:
Additionally, formal type parameters can be used as types of formal value parameters, return values, runs on and
system clauses, where applicable.
Clause 5.4 Parameterization
Additionally, TTCN-3 supports type and signature parameterization.
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8 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
Replace table 2 "Overview of parameterizable TTCN-3 objects" with the following table 2.
Table 2: Overview of parameterizable TTCN-3 objects
Keyword Allowed kind of Allowed form of non- Allowed types in formal non-type parameter lists
Parameterization type Parameterization
module Value parameterization Static at start of run-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
type.
type Value parameterization, Static at compile-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
(notes 1 and 2) type parameterization, type.
signature parameterization
template Value and template Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
template.
parameterization, type
parameterization
function Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
(note 1) timer parameterization, component type, port type, default, template and
type parameterization,
timer.
signature parameterization
altstep Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
(note 1) timer parameterization, component type, port type, default, template and
type parameterization,
timer.
signature parameterization
testcase Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types and of all user-defined types, address
(note 1) timer parameterization,
type, template.
type parameterization,
signature parameterization
signature Value and template Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
parameterization, type
type, component type.
parameterization
NOTE 1: Type and signature parameterization are always static at compile-time.
NOTE 2: Only port and component types are parameterizable with signature formal parameters.

Clause 5.4.1 Formal parameters
All types in TTCN-3 may be parameterized.
Clause 5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value
In addition to the existing rules, TTCN-3 supports value parameterizations as follows:
• the value parameters of user-defined types shall be in parameters;
• the language element signature does not support static value parameterization.
Modify the text as follows:
Restriction a) is relaxed to:
a) Language elements which cannot be parameterized are: const, var, timer, control, record of, set of,
enumerated, port, component and sub-type definitions, group and import.
Restriction e) is changed to:
e) The expression of formal parameter's default value has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The
expression may be any expression that is well-defined at the beginning of the scope of the parameterized
entity, but shall not refer to other parameters of the same or any following parameter list.
Clause 5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template
Restriction d) is changed to:
d) The default template instance has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The template instance may
be any template expression that is well-defined at the beginning of the scope of the parameterized entity, but
shall not refer to other parameters in the same or any following parameter list.
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9 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
Clause 5.4.1 Formal Parameters
Is extended by the following clause:
Clause 5.4.1.5 Formal parameters of kind type and signature
Type, template and behaviour definitions in TTCN-3 can have parameters of kind type.
Syntactical Structure
[ in ] [ TypeIdentifier | type | signature ] TypeParIdentifier [ ":=" ( Type | Signature ) ]

Semantic Description
Types and signatures passed into a parameterized object can be used inside the definition of that object. This includes
the usage as type of value, template, and port parameters, as type of return values and within runs on and system
clauses of behaviour definitions.
Any type and signature parameterization shall be resolved statically.
Type and signature parameters shall be written in a separate parameter list, enclosed in angle brackets.
Parameters of type kind may have a default type, which is given by a type assigned to the parameter. Similarly,
parameters of signature kind may own a default signature, which is identified by assigning a signature to the parameter.
The actual parameters of a type parameter can be required to be subtype compatible with a specific type. This is
indicated by referring to a specific type in the formal parameter list instead of using the keyword type.
Restrictions
a) Formal type and signature parameters shall be in parameters, which can optionally be indicated by the optional
keyword in.
b) When a TypeIdentifier is used to specify the kind of the formal parameter, the default types shall be subtype
compatible with the type of the parameter. For type compatibility see ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1] TTCN-3 Core
Language, clause 6.3. The default type shall not refer to other type parameters in the same parameter list.
c) Void.
d) Void.
Examples
// Definition of a list and a check function
type record of T MyList ;
function isElement (in MyList list, in T elem) return boolean { … }

// Definition of a protocol message
type record Data {
 Header   hdr,
 PayloadType payload
}

// restricting the actual type parameters
// the function can create a component of a type that is an extension of CT.
type component CT { timer t_guard };
function MyFunction (in integer p) runs on CT {
 var Comp c := Comp.create;
 :
};

function MyIntegerFunction(I p) return I {
  // actual parameter for I shall be subtype compatible to integer
  :
}

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10 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
Clause 5.4.1.1 Formal Parameters of kind value
Formal parameters with default values are additionally restricted by:
Restrictions
Replace the text as follows:
e) The expression of the default value has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The expression shall
not refer to elements of the component type of the optional runs on clause. The expression shall not refer to
other parameters of the same parameter list. The expression shall not contain the invocation of functions with a
runs on clause.
e) The type of a value parameter with a default value shall not be a type parameter.
Clause 5.4.1.2 Formal Parameters of kind template
Formal parameters with default templates are additionally restricted by:
Restrictions
Replace the text as follows:
a) Only function, testcase, altstep and template definitions may have formal template parameters.
a) The type of a template parameter with a default template shall not be a type parameter.
Clause 5.4.2 Actual Parameters
Is extended by a new clause:
Clause 5.4.2.1 Actual type parameters
Types can be passed into parameterized TTCN-3 objects as actual type parameters. Signatures can be passed into
parameterized TTCN-3 objects as actual signature parameters. Actual type and signature parameters can be provided
both as a list in the same order as the formal parameters as well as in an assignment notation, explicitly using the
associated formal parameter names. They can also be provided in mixed form, starting with actual parameters in list
notation followed by additional ones in assignment notation.
Actual types can also be given as anonymous nested constructed types.
Syntactical Structure

[ TypeParIdentifier ":=" ] ( Type | Signature | NestedTypeDef )

Semantic Description
Actual type parameters that are passed to formal type parameters shall be types or formal type parameters or nested type
definitions. Actual signature parameters that are passed to formal signature parameters shall be signatures or formal
signature parameters. Any compatible type/signature can be passed as actual parameter, i.e. actual parameters are not
limited to those types/signatures only known in the module containing the parameterized definition itself. Formal type
and signature parameters passed as parameters are those from the enclosing scope unit.
An empty type/signature parameter list can be omitted in both the declaration and usage of that object.
Restrictions
a) When using list notation, the order of elements in the actual parameter list shall be the same as their order in
the corresponding formal parameter list. For each formal parameter without a default type/signature there
shall be an actual parameter. If a formal parameter with a default is followed by a formal parameter without a
default, the actual parameter can be skipped by using dash "-" as actual parameter. If a formal parameter with
a default is not followed by a parameter without a default, then the actual parameter can simply be omitted.
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11 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
b) When using assignment notation, each formal parameter shall be assigned an actual parameter at most once.
For each formal parameter without default type or signature, there shall be an actual parameter. To use the
default type or signature of a formal parameter, no assignment for this specific parameter shall be provided.
c) If a formal parameter was defined using a specific component type, then the actual parameter shall be
compatible with the type of the formal parameter. For type compatibility of component types see ETSI
ES 201 873-1 [1], clause 6.3.3.
d) Instantiating formal type or signature parameters with actual types/signatures shall result in valid TTCN-3.
EXAMPLE 1: Type parameterization.
function f (in T a, in T b) return T {
  return a + b}
var integer c := f(1, 2); // correct call, result 3
var integer c := f(true, false); // incorrect

EXAMPLE 2: Signature parameterization.
type port P procedure { inout S }

function g (integer a, P p) return integer {
  var integer result;
  p.call(s:{a}, 10.0) {
   [] p.getreply(s:{-}) -> value result {}
   [] p.catch(s, exc) { testcase.stop }
   [] p.catch(timeout) { testcase.stop }
  }
  return result;
}

template integer exc := ?;

signature s1(integer a) return integer exception(integer);

signature s2(float a) return float exception(boolean);

type component C {
  port P p;
}

function h() runs on C {
  var integer r := g(1, p) // correct
}

function h2() runs on C {
  var float r := g(1, p) // incorrect; g returns integer and the actual call within
    // function g also returns integer.
}

EXAMPLE 3: Parameterization with nested types.
type record of union {
 @default T val,
 record { T val, Annotation ann } annotated
} AnnotatedList;

// actual parameters for formal parameter T can be anonymous nested type constructs
type AnnotatedList      AnnotatedList b
   }> AnnotatedPairs;

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12 Final draft ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-03)
5.3 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 6 (Types and
values)
Clause 6.0 General Is extended by the following clause:
Clause 6.0.1 Nested t
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021
01-september-2021
Metode za preskušanje in specificiranje (MTS) - 3. različica zapisa preskušanja in
krmiljenja preskusov - Razširitev nabora jezikov TTCN-3: napredno parametriranje
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS) - The Testing and Test Control Notation
version 3 - TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Advanced Parameterization
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
ICS:
35.060 Jeziki, ki se uporabljajo v Languages used in
informacijski tehniki in information technology
tehnologiji
SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021

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SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021
ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)






ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Advanced Parameterization

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SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021
 2 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)

Reference
RES/MTS-202784ed181
Keywords
conformance, testing, TTCN-3

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The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2021.
All rights reserved.

ETSI

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SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021
 3 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 6
3.1 Terms . 6
3.2 Symbols . 6
3.3 Abbreviations . 6
4 Package conformance and compatibility . 7
5 Package concepts for the core language . 7
5.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 4 (Introduction) . 7
5.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 5 (Basic language elements) . 7
5.3 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 6 (Types and values). 12
5.4 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 8 (Modules) . 13
5.5 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, annex A (BNF and static semantics) . 13
5.6 Extension to ETSI ES 203 790, clause 5.1 (Classes and Objects) . 14
5.7 Extension to ETSI ES 203 790, clause A.3 (Additional TTCN-3 syntax BNF productions) . 15
6 Package semantics . 15
6.0 General . 15
6.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-4, clause 6 (Restrictions) . 15
7 TRI and Extended TRI extensions for the package . 16
7.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-5 . 16
7.2 Extension to ETSI ES 202 789, clause 7 (TRI extensions for the package) . 16
8 TCI extensions for the package . 17
8.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 7 (TTCN 3 control interface and operations) . 17
8.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 8 (Java™ language mapping) . 19
8.3 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 9 (ANSI C language mapping) . 20
8.4 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, clause 10 (C++ language mapping) . 21
8.6 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-6, annex A (IDL Specification of TCI) . 22
9 Package Extensions for the use of ASN.1 with TTCN-3 . 23
9.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-7, clause 10 (Parameterization in ASN.1) . 23
10 Documentation extensions for the package . 26
10.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-10, clause 6 (Tagged paragraphs) . 26
10.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-10, annex A (where Tags can be used) . 27
History . 28

ETSI

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SIST ES 202 784 V1.8.1:2021
 4 ETSI ES 202 784 V1.8.1 (2021-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The declarations
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, are publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be
found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to
ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the
ETSI Web server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI Directives including the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation regarding the essentiality of IPRs,
including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not
referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become,
essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
DECT™, PLUGTESTS™, UMTS™ and the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its

Members. 3GPP™ and LTE™ are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP
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Foreword
This ETSI Standard (ES) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Methods for Testing and Specification
(MTS).
The use of underline (additional text) and strike through (deleted text) highlights the differences between base
document and extended documents.
The present document relates to the multi-part standard ETSI ES 201 873 covering the Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3, as identified in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1].
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
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1 Scope
The present document defines the Advanced Parameterization package of TTCN-3. TTCN-3 can be used for the
specification of all types of reactive system tests over a variety of communication ports. Typical areas of application are
protocol testing (including mobile and Internet protocols), service testing (including supplementary services), module
testing, testing of CORBA based platforms, APIs, etc. TTCN-3 is not restricted to conformance testing and can be used
for many other kinds of testing including interoperability, robustness, regression, system and integration testing. The
specification of test suites for physical layer protocols is outside the scope of the present document.
TTCN-3 packages are intended to define additional TTCN-3 concepts, which are not mandatory as concepts in the
TTCN-3 core language, but which are optional as part of a package which is suited for dedicated applications and/or
usages of TTCN-3.
This package defines:
• Value parameters of types.
• Type parameterization.
While the design of TTCN-3 package has taken into account the consistency of a combined usage of the core language
with a number of packages, the concrete usages of and guidelines for this package in combination with other packages
is outside the scope of the present document.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI ES 201 873-1: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language".
[2] ETSI ES 201 873-4: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 4: TTCN-3 Operational Semantics".
[3] ETSI ES 201 873-5: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 5: TTCN-3 Runtime Interface (TRI)".
[4] ETSI ES 201 873-6: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 6: TTCN-3 Control Interface (TCI)".
[5] ETSI ES 201 873-7: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 7: Using ASN.1 with TTCN-3".
[6] ETSI ES 201 873-10: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test
Control Notation version 3; Part 10: TTCN-3 Documentation Comment Specification".
[7] ISO/IEC 9646-1: "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Conformance testing
methodology and framework; Part 1: General concepts".
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[8] ETSI ES 201 873-8: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 8: The IDL to TTCN-3 Mapping".
[9] ETSI ES 201 873-9: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; Part 9: Using XML schema with TTCN-3".
[10] Recommendation ITU-T X.683: "Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One
(ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1 specifications".
[11] ETSI ES 202 789: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Extended TRI".
[12] ETSI ES 203 790: "Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS); The Testing and Test Control
Notation version 3; TTCN-3 Language Extensions: Object-Oriented Features".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
Not applicable.
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2], ETSI
ES 201 873-5 [3], ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6], ISO/IEC 9646-1 [7] and
the following apply:
subtype compatibility: type "A" has a subtype compatibility to another type "B" if all of the values of type A are type
compatible with type "B"
NOTE: All subtypes defined via subtype definition are subtype compatible with their supertype.
type parameterization: ability to pass a type as an actual parameter into a parameterized object via a type parameter
NOTE: This actual type parameter is added to the specification of that object and may complete it.
3.2 Symbols
Void.
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2],
ETSI ES 201 873-5 [3], ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6] and
ISO/IEC 9646-1 [7] apply.
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4 Package conformance and compatibility
The package presented in the present document is identified by the package tag:
• "TTCN-3:2014 Advanced Parameterization" - to be used with modules complying with the present
document.
NOTE: This version of the package only extends the previous versions, identified with the package tag
"TTCN-3:2009 Advanced Parameterization", with the option of parameterizing objects - in
addition to types - also with signatures. For this reason, modules not containing a formal or actual
parameter of the kind signature are compatible with both versions.
For an implementation claiming to conform to this package version, all features specified in the present document shall
be implemented consistently with the requirements given in the present document, in ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1] and in
ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2].
The package presented in the present document is compatible to:
• ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-4 [2], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-5 [3], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-6 [4], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-7 [5], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-8 [8], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-9 [9], version 4.5.1;
• ETSI ES 201 873-10 [6], version 4.5.1.
If later versions of those parts are available and should be used instead, the compatibility to the package presented in the
present document has to be checked individually.
5 Package concepts for the core language
5.1 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 4 (Introduction)
The present package adds the following essential characteristic to TTCN-3:
• type parameterization.
5.2 Extension to ETSI ES 201 873-1, clause 5 (Basic language
elements)
Clause 5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters
Add the following text:
Additionally, formal type parameters can be used as types of formal value parameters, return values, runs on and
system clauses, where applicable.
Clause 5.4 Parameterization
Additionally, TTCN-3 supports type and signature parameterization.
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Replace table 2 "Overview of parameterizable TTCN-3 objects" with the following table 2.
Table 2: Overview of parameterizable TTCN-3 objects
Keyword Allowed kind of Allowed form of non- Allowed types in formal non-type parameter lists
Parameterization type Parameterization
module Value parameterization Static at start of run-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
type.
type Value parameterization, Static at compile-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
(notes 1 and 2) type parameterization, type.
signature parameterization
template Value and template Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
template.
parameterization, type
parameterization
function Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
(note 1) timer parameterization, component type, port type, default, template and
type parameterization,
timer.
signature parameterization
altstep Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types, address type,
(note 1) timer parameterization, component type, port type, default, template and
type parameterization,
timer.
signature parameterization
testcase Value, template, port and Dynamic at run-time all basic types and of all user-defined types, address
(note 1) timer parameterization,
type, template.
type parameterization,
signature parameterization
signature Value and template Dynamic at run-time all basic types, all user-defined types and address
parameterization, type
type, component type.
parameterization
NOTE 1: Type and signature parameterization are always static at compile-time.
NOTE 2: Only port and component types are parameterizable with signature formal parameters.

Clause 5.4.1 Formal parameters
All types in TTCN-3 may be parameterized.
Clause 5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value
In addition to the existing rules, TTCN-3 supports value parameterizations as follows:
• the value parameters of user-defined types shall be in parameters;
• the language element signature does not support static value parameterization.
Modify the text as follows:
Restriction a) is relaxed to:
a) Language elements which cannot be parameterized are: const, var, timer, control, record of, set of,
enumerated, port, component and sub-type definitions, group and import.
Restriction e) is changed to:
e) The expression of formal parameter's default value has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The
expression may be any expression that is well-defined at the beginning of the scope of the parameterized
entity, but shall not refer to other parameters of the same or any following parameter list.
Clause 5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template
Restriction d) is changed to:
d) The default template instance has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The template instance may
be any template expression that is well-defined at the beginning of the scope of the parameterized entity, but
shall not refer to other parameters in the same or any following parameter list.
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Clause 5.4.1 Formal Parameters
Is extended by the following clause:
Clause 5.4.1.5 Formal parameters of kind type and signature
Type, template and behaviour definitions in TTCN-3 can have parameters of kind type.
Syntactical Structure
[ in ] [ TypeIdentifier | type | signature ] TypeParIdentifier [ ":=" ( Type | Signature ) ]

Semantic Description
Types and signatures passed into a parameterized object can be used inside the definition of that object. This includes
the usage as type of value, template, and port parameters, as type of return values and within runs on and system
clauses of behaviour definitions.
Any type and signature parameterization shall be resolved statically.
Type and signature parameters shall be written in a separate parameter list, enclosed in angle brackets.
Parameters of type kind may have a default type, which is given by a type assigned to the parameter. Similarly,
parameters of signature kind may own a default signature, which is identified by assigning a signature to the parameter.
The actual parameters of a type parameter can be required to be subtype compatible with a specific type. This is
indicated by referring to a specific type in the formal parameter list instead of using the keyword type.
Restrictions
a) Formal type and signature parameters shall be in parameters, which can optionally be indicated by the optional
keyword in.
b) When a TypeIdentifier is used to specify the kind of the formal parameter, the default types shall be subtype
compatible with the type of the parameter. For type compatibility see ETSI ES 201 873-1 [1] TTCN-3 Core
Language, clause 6.3. The default type shall not refer to other type parameters in the same parameter list.
c) Void.
d) Void.
Examples
// Definition of a list and a check function
type record of T MyList ;
function isElement (in MyList list, in T elem) return boolean { … }

// Definition of a protocol message
type record Data {
 Header   hdr,
 PayloadType payload
}

// restricting the actual type parameters
// the function can create a component of a type that is an extension of CT.
type component CT { timer t_guard };
function MyFunction (in integer p) runs on CT {
 var Comp c := Comp.create;
 :
};

function MyIntegerFunction(I p) return I {
  // actual parameter for I shall be subtype compatible to integer
  :
}

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Clause 5.4.1.1 Formal Parameters of kind value
Formal parameters with default values are additionally restricted by:
Restrictions
Replace the text as follows:
e) The expression of the default value has to be compatible with the type of the parameter. The expression shall
not refer to elements of the component type of the optional runs on clause. The expression shall not refer to
other parameters of the same parameter list. The expression shall not contain the invocation of functions with a
runs on clause.
e) The type of a value parameter with a default value shall not be a type parameter.
Clause 5.4.1.2 Formal Parameters of kind template
Formal parameters with default templates are additionally restricted by:
Restrictions
Replace the text as follows:
a) Only function, testcase, altstep and template definitions may have formal template parameters.
a) The type of a template parameter with a default template shall not be a type parameter.
Clause 5.4.2 Actual Parameters
Is extended by a new clause:
Clause 5.4.2.1 Actual type parameters
Types can be passed into parameterized TTCN-3 objects as actual type parameters. Signatures can be passed into
parameterized TTCN-3 objects as actual signature parameters. Actual type and signature parameters can be provided
both as a list in the same order as the formal parameters as well as in an assignment notation, explicitly using the
associated formal parameter names. They can also be provided in mixed form, starting with actual parameters in list
notation followed by additional ones in assignment notation.
Actual types can also be given as anonymous nested constructed types.
Syntactical Structure

[ TypeParIdentifier ":=" ] ( Type | Signature | NestedTypeDef )

Semantic Description
Actual type parameters that are passed to formal type parameters shall be types or formal type parameters or nested type
definitions. Actual signature parameters that are passed to formal signature parameters shall be signatures or formal
signature parameters. Any compatible type/signature can be passed as actual parameter, i.e. actual parameters are not
limited to those types/signatures only known in the module containing the parameterized definition itself. Formal type
and signature parameters passed as parameters are those from the enclosing scope unit.
An empty type/signature parameter list can be omitted in both the declaration and usage of that object.
Restrictions
a) When using list notation, the order of elements in the actual parameter list shall be the same as their order in
the corresponding formal parameter list. For each formal parameter without a default type/signature there
shall be an actual parameter. If a formal parameter with a default is followed by a formal parameter without a
default, the actual parameter can be skipped by using dash "-" as actual parameter. If a formal parameter with
a default is not followed by a parameter without a default, then the actual parameter can simply be omitted.
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