ETSI GR THz 003 V1.1.1 (2024-12)

TeraHertz modeling (THz); Channel measurements and modeling in THz bands

DGR/THz-003

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Technical Committee: THz - TeraHertz technology
• Current Stage: 12 - Citation in the OJ (auto-insert)
• Due Date: 26-Dec-2024
• Completion Date: 18-Dec-2024

Standards Content (Sample)

GROUP REPORT
TeraHertz modeling (THz);
Channel measurements and modeling in THz bands
Disclaimer
The present document has been produced and approved by the TeraHertz (THz) ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) and
represents the views of those members who participated in this ISG.
It does not necessarily represent the views of the entire ETSI membership.

2 ETSI GR THz 003 V1.1.1 (2024-12)

Reference
DGR/THz-003
Keywords
measurement, model
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - APE 7112B
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° w061004871

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from the
ETSI Search & Browse Standards application.
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the prevailing version of an ETSI
deliverable is the one made publicly available in PDF format on ETSI deliver repository.
Users should be aware that the present document may be revised or have its status changed,
this information is available in the Milestones listing.
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comments to
the relevant service listed under Committee Support Staff.
If you find a security vulnerability in the present document, please report it through our
Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure (CVD) program.
Notice of disclaimer & limitation of liability
The information provided in the present deliverable is directed solely to professionals who have the appropriate degree of
experience to understand and interpret its content in accordance with generally accepted engineering or
other professional standard and applicable regulations.
No recommendation as to products and services or vendors is made or should be implied.
No representation or warranty is made that this deliverable is technically accurate or sufficient or conforms to any law
and/or governmental rule and/or regulation and further, no representation or warranty is made of merchantability or fitness
for any particular purpose or against infringement of intellectual property rights.
In no event shall ETSI be held liable for loss of profits or any other incidental or consequential damages.

Any software contained in this deliverable is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, express or implied, including but not
limited to, the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement of intellectual property
rights and ETSI shall not be held liable in any event for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages
for loss of profits, business interruption, loss of information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising out of or related to the use
of or inability to use the software.
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2024.
All rights reserved.
ETSI
3 ETSI GR THz 003 V1.1.1 (2024-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Executive summary . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 18
3.1 Terms . 18
3.2 Symbols . 18
3.3 Abbreviations . 19
4 Channel measurement scenarios and frequency bands . 20
4.1 Channel measurement scenarios . 20
4.1.1 Identified THz use cases and physical environments. 20
4.1.2 Mapping the identified use cases and deployment scenarios to relevant channel measurements
scenarios . 21
4.2 Frequency bands . 24
4.2.1 Introduction. 24
4.2.2 Mapping the identified frequency bands and physical environments to relevant channel
measurements and modelling scenarios . 25
5 THz-specific radio propagation aspects . 27
5.1 Atmospheric effects . 27
5.1.0 Introduction. 27
5.1.1 Gaseous attenuation due to oxygen and water vapour . 27
5.1.2 Rain attenuation due to droplets . 29
5.1.3 Clouds and fogs attenuation due to droplets . 30
5.1.4 Consideration on simulation complexity . 31
5.2 Effect of micro-mobility . 32
5.2.1 Causes of micro-mobility . 32
5.2.1.1 Wind turbulence . 32
5.2.1.2 Mechanical vibrations . 32
5.2.1.3 Physical movement . 32
5.2.1.4 Solar radiations . 33
5.2.1.5 Building sways . 33
5.2.2 Effects of micro-mobility . 33
5.2.2.1 Micro-Doppler . 33
5.2.2.2 Boresight antenna gain variation . 33
5.3 Specific considerations for scattering, reflections, and diffractions . 34
5.3.1 Modeling surface roughness . 34
5.3.1.0 Introduction . 34
5.3.1.1 Numerical method . 34
5.3.1.2 Approximate computational method . 35
5.3.1.3 Theoretical modeling method. 35
5.3.1.4 Deep Learning (DL)-based modeling method . 35
5.4 Considerations for large arrays and near-field propagation effects . 35
5.4.1 Spherical wave modelling . 35
5.4.1.0 Introduction . 35
5.4.1.1 Stochastic-based approach . 36
5.4.1.2 Virtual Tx-based approach . 38
5.4.1.2.0 Introduction . 38
ETSI
4 ETSI GR THz 003 V1.1.1 (2024-12)
5.4.1.2.1 Description . 39
5.4.1.2.2 Doppler and time variance due to virtual motion . 41
5.4.1.3 Physical consistency considerations . 41
5.4.1.4 Considerations on computational complexity . 42
5.4.2 Heterogeneous scattering modeling . 43
5.5 Material characterization . 43
5.5.0 Introduction. 43
5.5.1 Penetration loss of building materials . 43
5.5.2 Dielectric properties of building materials . 44
5.5.3 Further resources . 45
6 Channel measurements . 45
6.1 Existing measurements published in relevant literature . 45
6.2 Survey of existing open channel measurement datasets . 46
7 Channel modeling . 47
7.1 Modeling approaches . 47
7.1.1 Deterministic Channel Modeling . 47
7.1.1.0 Introduction . 47
7.1.1.1 Environment determination . 47
7.1.1.2 Ray tracing methods . 47
7.1.1.3 Ray tracing on THz bands . 48
7.1.2 Hybrid Models . 49
7.1.2.1 Hybrid deterministic/analytic channel model for low terahertz links . 49
7.2 Survey of existing channel models published in relevant literature . 51
7.2.1 ETSI TR 138 901 channel model . 51
7.2.1.0
...