ETSI ETS 300 163 ed.1 (1994-11)

Television systems; NICAM 728: Specification for transmission of two-channel digital sound with terrestrial television systems B, G, H, I and L

DE/JTC-SPB424

Televizijski sistemi –NICAM 728: Specifikacija za prenos dvokanalnega digitalnega zvoka po prizemnih televizijskih sistemih B, G, H, I in L

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-1994
• Technical Committee: BROADCAS - EBU/CENELEC/ETSI on Broadcasting
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 28-Nov-1994
• Completion Date: 15-Nov-1994
• Ref Project: SIST ETS 300 163 E1:2003 - Television systems; NICAM 728: Specification for transmission of two-channel digital sound with terrestrial television systems B, G, H, I and L

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2003
Televizijski sistemi –NICAM 728: Specifikacija za prenos dvokanalnega digitalnega
zvoka po prizemnih televizijskih sistemih B, G, H, I in L
Television systems; NICAM 728: Specification for transmission of two-channel digital
sound with terrestrial television systems B, G, H, I and L
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 163 Edition 1
ICS:
33.170 Televizijska in radijska Television and radio
difuzija broadcasting
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN ETS 300 163
TELECOMMUNICATION November 1994
STANDARD
Source: EBU/ETSI JTC Reference: DE/JTC-SPB424
ICS: 33.160.20, 33.160.40
Broadcasting, television, digital sound
Key words:
European B roadcasting Union Union Européenne de Radio-Télévision
EBU
UER
Television Systems;
NICAM 728: Specification for transmission of
two-channel digital sound with
terrestrial television systems B, G, H, I, and L
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - [e-mail]
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1994.
© European Broadcasting Union 1994. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box

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ETS 300 163: November 1994
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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ETS 300 163: November 1994
Contents
Foreword .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references.7
3 Symbols and abbreviations .7
4 Specification of the sound/data multiplex and sound coding methods.8
4.1 Baseband format .8
4.1.1 Frame structure.8
4.1.2 Bit interleaving.9
4.1.3 Energy dispersal scrambling .9
4.2 Coding of information.10
4.2.1 Frame alignment word.10
4.2.2 Control information.10
4.2.2.1 The frame flag bit.10
4.2.2.2 The application control bits.10
4.2.2.3 The reserve sound switching flag .11
4.2.3 Additional data.11
4.2.4 The sound/data block.11
4.2.5 Sound signals.12
4.2.5.1 Digitisation and near-instantaneous companding.12
4.2.5.2 Nominal reference levels .13
4.2.5.3 Scale factor.13
4.2.5.4 Error protection for sound signals.13
4.2.5.5 Scale-factor signalling-in-parity for sound signals .14
5 Specification of the modulation parameters.14
5.1 Characteristics of the vision and analogue sound components.14
5.1.1 Vision component.14
5.1.2 Analogue sound component.15
5.1.3 Power ratio between peak vision carrier and analogue sound carrier.15
5.1.3.1 Systems B and G.15
5.1.3.2 Systems H and I .15
5.1.3.3 System L.15
5.2 Digital signal.15
5.2.1 Type of modulation.15
5.2.2 Bit rate .15
5.2.3 Carrier frequency.15
5.2.3.1 Systems B, G, H and L .15
5.2.3.2 System I.15
5.2.4 Signal level .15
5.2.5 Spectrum shaping .16
5.2.5.1 Spectrum shaping in systems B, G, H and L.16
5.2.5.2 Spectrum shaping in system I .16
5.2.6 Transmitted spectrum and differential group delay time for systems B, G,
H and L.16
5.3 Specification of the digitally-modulated carrier .16
5.3.1 Type of modulation.16
5.3.2 Differential encoding.17
Annex A (informative): Bibliography.26
History.27

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ETS 300 163: November 1994
Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced under the authority of the Joint
Technical Committee (JTC) of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
This ETS concerns the technical arrangements for the transmission of digital sound with certain terrestrial
television systems, and allows for one stereo channel or up to two mono channels, in each case with a
small amount of additional data capacity.
NOTE: The EBU/ETSI Joint Technical Committee was established in 1990 to co-ordinate the
drafting of European Telecommunication Standards in the specific field of radio,
television and data broadcasting.
The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting organisations whose work
includes the coordination of its Members activities in the technical, legal, programme-
making and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has Active Members in about
50 countries in the European Broadcasting Area; its headquarters is in Geneva *.
This ETS is the result of studies carried out by EBU Sub-group V4 (Emission and
reception of a multiplex of coded signals in a broadcasting channel), based principally
on contributions from broadcasting organisations in the United Kingdom and the
Nordic countries.
* European Broadcasting Union
Case Postale 67
CH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva)
Switzerland
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
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ETS 300 163: November 1994
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ETS 300 163: November 1994
1 Scope
1)
This ETS defines the characteristics of the NICAM 728 system which allows for the transmission of two-
2)
channel digital sound and/or data services with terrestrial television systems B, G, H, I and L defined in
ITU-R Recommendation BT 470 [1].
a) It is sufficiently rugged to ensure that reception of the vision fails before reception of the digital
sound in difficult reception conditions.
b) It fulfils the criteria for compatibility with existing services and receivers in over-air transmission and
is adequately compatible in distribution on cable systems.
c) It provides two high-quality digital sound channels and a small amount of additional data capacity.
The two sound channels may be used to transmit two independent monophonic signals, which
could be received simultaneously, or a single stereophonic signal. Alternatively, one or both sound
channels may be used for the transmission of data.
d) The sound coding is identical with that of one option available in the Multiplexed Analogue
Component (MAC)/packet family of systems defined in EBU Technical document 3258-E [2].
e) The baseband coding and digital frame format are identical for all of the television systems
considered; the differences in modulation parameters shown in subclause 5.2 are the minimum
required to accommodate the existing differences between these television systems.
This ETS allows some scope for the addition of further features in a compatible fashion in the future.
2 Normative references
This ETS incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] ITU-R Recommendation BT 470: "Television systems".
[2] European Broadcasting Union Technical document 3258-E 2nd Edition (October
1991): "Specification of the systems of the MAC/packet family".
[3] CCITT Recommendation J.17: "Pre-emphasis used on sound-programme
circuits in group links, Volume III - Fascicle III.4, Red Book (1985)", page 111.
3 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this ETS, the following symbols abbreviations and apply:
AM Amplitude Modulation; referring to the existing analogue, amplitude modulated
carrier, monophonic sound signal (television system L)
⊕ denotes exclusive-or (XOR) boolean operation which is equivalent to modulo-
two binary addition
A left-hand sound signal when in "stereo" mode
AD - AD Additional Data bits (11 bits)
0 10
B right-hand sound signal when in "stereo" mode

1)
NICAM is an acronym for Near-Instantaneously Companded Audio Multiplex; 728 refers to the digital bit-rate of 728 kbit/s.
2)
The application of this ETS to television systems D and K is under study.

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ETS 300 163: November 1994
C - C control information (5 bits)
0 4
D - D 64 sound samples in one frame
1 64
DPSK 4-phase differentially-encoded phase-shift keying (same as Differentially-
encoded quadrature Phase-Shift Keying)
FAW Frame Alignment Word
FE (Facteur d'Echelle) This denotes a 3-bit scale factor word (R , R , R ); FE1 and
2 1 0
FE2 denote the 3-bit scale factors applicable to the first and second sound
companding blocks, respectively, in a given frame
FM Frequency Modulation; referring to the existing analogue, frequency modulated
carrier, monophonic sound signal (television systems B, G, H and I)
H(f) filter amplitude-frequency response
LSB Least Significant Bit
M1 first digital mono sound signal when in "dual sound" or "mono sound + data"
modes
M2 second digital mono sound signal when in "dual sound" mode
MAC Multiplexed Analogue Component
MSB Most Significant Bit
PPM Peak Programme Meter
QPSK Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying
R , R , R scale factor bits associated with a given 32-sample sound companding block
2 1 0
t symbol period = 1/364 ms
s
VSB Vestigial Side Band
4 Specification of the sound/data multiplex and sound coding methods
4.1 Baseband format
4.1.1 Frame structure
The transmitted serial data stream is partitioned into 728 bit frames which are transmitted continuously
without gaps. One frame is transmitted every millisecond; the overall bit-rate is thus 728 kbit/s made up as
follows:
8-bit frame alignment word   8 kbit/s (see subclause 4.2.1)
5 bits for control information  5 kbit/s (see subclause 4.2.2)
11 bits for additional data 11 kbit/s (see subclause 4.2.3)
704 sound, parity or data bits 704 kbit/s (see subclauses 4.2.4 and 4.2.5)
Total: 728 kbit/s
Diagrams of the frame structures for conveying stereo and mono sound signals are shown in figure 1. The
720 bits which follow the Frame Alignment Word (FAW) shall form a structure identical with that of the
first-level protected, companded sound-signal blocks in the systems of the MAC/packet family [2], so that
decoding of the sound signals may be performed by the same type of decoder which is used in the above-
mentioned MAC systems.
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ETS 300 163: November 1994
The first 16 bits after the frame alignment word shall be used to signal control information (see subclause
4.2.2) and as additional data bits (see subclause 4.2.3). The corresponding 16 bits in the MAC/packet
family have not yet been allocated.
Frame structures for data services shall use the same frame alignment word, frame flag bit and additional
data, with other control bits as described in subclauses 4.2.2.2 and 4.2.2.3, but the audio samples are
replaced by other data.
4.1.2 Bit interleaving
Interleaving is applied to the block of 704 bits which follows the frame alignment word, control bits and
additional data bits in order to minimise the effect of multiple-bit errors. The bits of each frame are
transmitted in the following order:
The above interleaving pattern places data bits which are adjacent in the frame structure of figure 1 in
positions at least 16 clock periods apart in the transmitted bit stream (i.e. at least 15 other bits occur
between bits which are adjacent in figure 1).
4.1.3 Energy dispersal scrambling
The transmitted bit-stream shall be scrambled for spectrum-shaping purposes. The scrambling shall be
done synchronously with the multiplex frame. The frame alignment word is not scrambled, and is used to
synchronise the pseudo-random sequence generator used for descrambling in the receiver. The other
parameters shall be as follows:
a) the bit which immediately follows the frame alignment word is the first scrambled bit and is added
modulo-two to the first bit of the pseudo-random sequence;
b) the bit which immediately precedes the frame alignment word is the last scrambled bit;
c) scrambling shall take place after interleaving (and descrambling shall, therefore, be performed prior
to de-interleaving at the receiver);
d) the pseudo-random sequence is defined by the following generator polynomial and initialisation
word:
9 4
Generator polynomial: x + x + 1
Initialisation word: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
The diagram for a possible generator for this sequence is given in figure 2. Thus the sequence shall start
0000 0111 1011 1110 0010.
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ETS 300 163: November 1994
4.2 Coding of information
4.2.1 Frame alignment word
The frame alignment word shall be 01001110; the left-most bit shall be transmitted first.
4.2.2 Control information
The control information shall be conveyed by a frame flag bit, C , three application control bits, C , C ,
0 1 2
and C , and a reserve sound switching flag, C , (see figure 1).
3 4
4.2.2.1 The frame flag bit
The frame flag bit, C , shall be set to 1 for 8 successive frames and to 0 for the next 8 frames; thus, it
3)
defines a 16-frame sequence . The frames are numbered within the sequence as follows: the first frame
(frame number 1) of the sequence is defined as the first of the 8 frames in which C = 1; hence the last
frame (frame number 16) of the sequence is the last of the 8 frames in which C = 0. This frame
sequence is used to synchronise changes in the type of information being conveyed, and to identify the
M1 channel in the "dual sound" or "mono sound + data" modes, see subclause 4.2.4.
4.2.2.2 The application control bits
The last 704 bits in each frame may be used to convey either sound samples or data. The current
application of these bits shall be defined by the three application control bits, C , C , and C , as indicated
1 2 3
in table 1.
When a change to a new application is required, these control bits shall change to define the new
application on frame number 1 of the last 16-frame sequence of the current application. The 704-bit
sound/data blocks shall change to the new application on frame number 1 of the following 16-frame
sequence.
3)
Repetitive false detection of the frame alignment word within the 704 bit sound/data block can be avoided by including the
alternation of the frame flag bit (C ) in the frame alignment word decoding strategy.
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ETS 300 163: November 1994
Table 1: Application of 704 bit sound/data blocks
Control bits Application Loudspeakers Back-up
C C C C (User selected (Automatic or user
1 2 3 4
output) selected)
0 0 0 1 Stereo A & B FM/AM
0 1 0 1 Dual sound M1 or M2 FM/AM (M1 only)
1 0 0 1 Mono sound + data M1 FM/AM
1 1 0 1 Data (NOTE 1) FM/AM -
0 0 0 0 Stereo A & B or FM/AM -
0 1 0 0 Dual sound (NOTE 2) M1 or M2 or FM/AM -
1 0 0 0 Mono sound + data M1 or FM/AM -
1 1 0 0 Data (NOTE 1) FM/AM -
x x 1 x Undefined (NOTE 3) FM/AM -
NOTE 1: The use of the reserve sound switching flag (bit C ) is only specified in the case when
the digital signal is carrying sound. It has no meaning in the case of data transmission,
when the only sound available is the FM or AM sound signal.
NOTE 2: This mode may be used to broadcast three independent sound signals.
NOTE 3: C = 1 provides for signalling additional sound or data coding options, which are
presently undefined. When C = 1, decoders not equipped for these additional sound
options should allow the loudspeakers to reproduce the FM or AM sound signal.
4.2.2.3 The reserve sound switching flag
Digital sound decoding equipment may be arranged so that it can switch the output of the conventional FM
or AM sound demodulator to replace the sound decoded from the digital signal in the event of the failure
of the latter. Switching to the output of the FM or AM demodulator shall be acceptable only if the FM or AM
carrier is modulated with the same sound programme as the failing digital signal: the reserve sound
switching flag provides the means to inhibit such switching, and it shall be incorporated as the fifth bit, C ,
of the control information.
The reserve sound switching flag sh
...