ETSI GS ENI 005 V2.1.1 (2021-12)

Experiential Networked Intelligence (ENI); System Architecture

RGS/ENI-0016_Sys_Architecture

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Technical Committee: ENI - Experiential Networked Intelligence
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 24-Nov-2021
• Completion Date: 09-Dec-2021

Standards Content (Sample)

GROUP SPECIFICATION
Experiential Networked Intelligence (ENI);
System Architecture
Disclaimer
The present document has been produced and approved by the Experiential Networked Intelligence (ENI) ETSI Industry
Specification Group (ISG) and represents the views of those members who participated in this ISG.
It does not necessarily represent the views of the entire ETSI membership.

2 ETSI GS ENI 005 V2.1.1 (2021-12)

Reference
RGS/ENI-0016_Sys_Architecture
Keywords
architecture, API, artificial intelligence, closed
control loop, cognition, functional architecture,
functional block, intent management, management,
model-driven engineering, network, policy
management
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3 ETSI GS ENI 005 V2.1.1 (2021-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 10
Foreword . 10
Modal verbs terminology . 10
Executive summary . 10
Introduction . 11
1 Scope . 12
2 References . 12
2.1 Normative references . 12
2.2 Informative references . 13
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 15
3.1 Terms . 15
3.2 Symbols . 27
3.3 Abbreviations . 27
4 Overview of System Architecture (informative) . 29
4.1 Introduction . 29
4.2 Motivation for ENI . 29
4.3 Benefits of ENI . 30
4.4 High-Level Description of the ENI System Architecture . 30
4.4.1 Overall Description . 30
4.4.2 The Assisted System . 31
4.4.2.1 Introduction . 31
4.4.2.2 Communication Options for All Classes of Assisted Systems . 31
4.4.2.3 Class 1: An Assisted System that has No AI-based Capabilities . 32
4.4.2.4 Class 2: An Assisted System with AI that is Not in the Control Loop . 33
4.4.2.5 Class 3: An Assisted System with AI Capabilities in its Control Loop . 33
4.4.2.5.1 Introduction . 33
4.4.2.5.2 Class 3 Options . 34
4.4.2.5.2.1 Introduction . 34
4.4.2.5.2.2 Option 1 Feedback . 34
4.4.2.5.2.3 Option 2 Communication . 35
4.4.2.5.2.4 Working as an External Discrete System . 35
4.4.2.6 Summary of Interaction between the Assisted System and ENI . 35
4.4.3 Communication and Interaction with Other External Systems . 36
4.4.4 Mode of Operation . 36
4.4.4.1 Allowed Modes of Operation . 36
4.4.4.2 Setting the Mode of Operation . 36
4.4.4.3 Interaction with the Assisted System . 36
4.4.4.4 Selecting a Mode of Operation for a Class of Decisions . 37
4.4.4.5 Communication of Mode of Operation . 37
4.4.4.6 Normal Operation of the Selected Mode of Operation. 37
4.4.4.6.1 Overview . 37
4.4.4.6.2 Case 1: ENI Indirectly Instructs the Assisted System to Switch Modes . 37
4.4.4.6.3 Case 2: ENI Directly Instructs the Assisted System to Switch Modes . 37
4.4.4.7 Normal Operation of the Selected Mode of Operation. 38
4.4.4.8 Exception Handling for the Selected Mode of Operation . 38
4.4.5 Functional Concepts . 38
4.4.5.1 Functional Concepts for Modular System Operation . 38
4.4.5.2 Overview of Prominent Control Loop Architectures . 38
4.4.6 ENI Reference Points. 39
4.4.6.1 Definition of an ENI Reference Point . 39
4.4.6.2 Definition of an ENI External Reference Point . 39
4.4.6.3 Definition of an ENI Internal Reference Point . 39
4.4.7 ENI Interfaces . 39
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4.4.7.1 Definition of an ENI Interface . 39
4.4.7.2 Definition of an ENI Hardware Interface . 39
4.4.7.3 Definition of an ENI Software Interface . 39
4.4.7.4 Definition of an ENI Application Programming Interface . 39
4.4.7.5 Comparison of ENI Software Interfaces with ENI APIs . 40
4.5 Functional Architecture . 40
4.5.1 Functional Block Diagram of the ENI System . 40
4.5.2 API Broker . 42
4.5.2.1 Introduction . 42
4.5.2.2 Definition of the ENI API Broker . 42
4.5.2.3 Use of an API Broker in ENI . 42
4.5.2.4 Alternatives to Using an API Broker . 42
4.5.3 ENI System Functional Blocks . 43
4.5.3.1 Introduction . 43
4.5.3.2 Input Processing . 43
4.5.3.2.1 Overview . 43
4.5.3.2.2 Data Ingestion Functional Block . 43
4.5.3.2.3 Normalization Functional Block . 43
4.5.3.3 Analysis . 44
4.5.3.3.1 Knowledge Management and Processing . 44
4.5.3.3.1.1 Overview . 44
4.5.3.3.1.2 Cognition Model . 44
4.5.3.3.1.3 Knowledge Management Functional Block . 44
4.5.3.3.1.4 ContextAware Management Functional Block . 44
4.5.3.3.1.5 Cognition Management Functional Block . 44
4.5.3.4 Situation-based, Model-driven, Policy Generation . 45
4.5.3.4.1 Overview . 45
4.5.3.4.2 Situation Awareness Functional Block . 45
4.5.3.4.3 Model Driven Engineering Functional Block . 45
4.5.3.4.4 Policy Management Functional Block . 45
4.5.3.5 Output Generation . 46
4.5.3.5.1 Overview . 46
4.5.3.5.2 Denormalization Functional Block . 46
4.5.3.5.3 Output Generation Functional Block . 46
4.5.4 Decision-Making . 46
4.5.4.1 Overview . 46
4.5.4.2 Decision-Making using Hindsight . 47
4.5.4.3 Decision-Making using Deterministic Processing . 47
4.5.4.4 Decision-Making using Predictive Processing . 47
4.5.4.5 Decision-Making using Cognitive Processing . 47
4.5.5 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Mechanisms for Modular Systems . 47
5 ENI Architectural Requirements . 48
5.1 Introduction . 48
5.2 Functional Architectural Requirements for ENI Operation . 48
5.3 Architectural Requirements for Mode of Operation . 49
5.4 Non-Functional Architectural Requirements for ENI Operation . 50
5.5 Reference Point Requirements . 50
5.6 Knowledge Modeling Requirements . 52
5.7 Control Loop Processing Requirements . 53
5.8 Functional Block Processing Requirements . 54
5.8.1 Context Processing Requirements . 54
5.8.2 Cognition Requirements . 55
5.8.3 Policy Management Requirements . 55
5.9 AI Modelling and Training Model Requirements . 56
5.10 API Requirements . 57
6 ENI Reference Architectural Framework . 58
6.1 Introduction . 58
6.2 Design Principles of the ENI System architecture . 58
6.2.1 Overview . 58
6.2.2 Nesting of Functional Blocks. 59
6.2.3 Communication and Interaction . 60
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6.2.3.1 Introduction . 60
6.2.3.2 Discovery . 61
6.2.3.3 Direct Communication . 61
6.2.3.4 Indirect Communication . 61
6.2.3.5 Negotiation . 61
6.2.3.5.1 Introduction . 61
6.2.3.5.2 Distributive Negotiation . 61
6.2.3.5.3 Integrative Negotiation . 62
6.2.3.5.4 Functional Model: an Informative Example . 62
6.2.3.5.5 Usage . 62
6.2.4 Administrative and Management Domains . 63
6.2.4.1 Introduction . 63
6.2.4.2 Domain Operations . 63
6.2.4.3 Interaction between Hierarchical Domains . 64
6.2.4.4 Interaction between Distributed Administrative Domains . 65
6.2.4.5 Interaction between Federated Administrative Domains . 65
6.2.5 Modelled Knowledge . 66
6.2.6 Bias . 66
6.2.6.1 Introduction . 66
6.2.6.2 Protection Against Bias . 66
6.2.6.3 Adherence to Applicable Standards to Mitigate Bias . 66
6.2.7 Ethics . 67
6.2.7.1 Introduction . 67
6.2.7.2 Methods to Ensure Ethical Decision-Making. 67
6.2.7.3 Adherence to Applicable Standards and Initiatives . 67
6.2.8 The Assisted System . 69
6.2.8.1 Overview . 69
6.2.8.2 Class 1 and 2 Assisted Systems . 69
6.2.8.3 Class 3 Assisted Systems . 69
6.2.8.3.1 Single Class 3 Assisted Systems . 69
6.2.8.3.2 Multiple Class 3 Assisted Systems . 70
6.3 Architectural Functional Blocks of the ENI System . 72
6.3.1 ENI Functional Architecture with Reference Points . 72
6.3.1.1 Introduction . 72
6.3.1.2 ENI Functional Architecture with External Reference Points . 72
6.3.1.3 ENI Functional Architecture with Internal Reference Points . 73
6.3.1.4 ENI Functional Architecture with Administrative and Management Domains . 73
6.3.1.5 ENI Functional Architecture with Control Loops . 75
6.3.1.6 ENI Functional Architecture with Domains and Control Loops . 77
6.3.2 Data Ingestion Functional Block . 77
6.3.2.1 Introduction . 77
6.3.2.2 Motivation . 78
6.3.2.3 Function of the Data Ingestion Functional Block . 78
6.3.2.3.1 Introduction . 78
6.3.2.3.2 Data Filtering . 79
6.3.2.3.3 Data Correlation . 79
6.3.2.3.4 Data Cleansing. 79
6.3.2.3.5 Data Anonymization and Pseudonymization . 79
6.3.2.3.6 Data Augmentation . 79
6.3.2.3.7 Data Labelling and Annotation . 80
6.3.2.3.7.1 Introduction . 80
6.3.2.3.7.2 Types of Data Annotations . 80
6.3.2.3.7.3 Labelling Accuracy and Labelling Quality . 80
6.3.2.3.7.4 Semantic Annotation . 81
6.3.2.4 Operation of the Data Ingestion Functional Block . 81
6.3.2.4.1 Introduction . 81
6.3.2.4.2 Telemetry Processing . 82
6.3.2.4.2.1 Cognitive and Situation-Aware Directed Telemetry Gathering . 82
6.3.2.4.2.2 Detecting Anomalies . 82
6.3.2.4.2.3 Storing Telemetry Information . 83
6.3.2.4.2.4 Changing Telemetry Gathering using Policies . 83
6.3.2.4.3 Use of Metadata . 83
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6.3.2.4.4 Use of Structure, Pattern, and Feature Matching . 83
6.3.2.4.5 Use of AI-based Mechanisms . 84
6.3.2.4.6 Use of Formal Logic and Ontologies. 84
6.3.3 Data Normalization Functional Block . 85
6.3.3.1 Introduction . 85
6.3.3.2 Motivation . 85
6.3.3.3 Function of the Data Normalization Functional Block . 85
6.3.3.4 Operation of the Data Normalization Functional Block . 85
6.3.3.4.1 Introduction . 85
6.3.3.4.2 Database Design Analogy (informative) . 86
6.3.3.4.3 Normalization for Machine Learning . 86
6.3.3.4.4 Applying Normalization to ENI . 87
6.3.3.4.5 Storing Normalized Telemetry Information . 88
6.3.3.4.6 Changing Telemetry Gathering using Policies . 88
6.3.3.4.7 Cognitive and Situation-Aware Directed Normalized Telemetry Gathering . 88
6.3.3.4.8 Use of Metadata . 88
6.3.3.4.9 Use of Structure, Pattern, and Feature Matching . 88
6.3.3.4.10 Use of AI-based Mechanisms . 88
6.3.3.4.11 Use of Formal Logic and Ontologies. 89
6.3.4 Knowledge Management Functional Block . 89
6.3.4.1 Introduction . 89
6.3.4.2 Inferencing . 89
6.3.4.3 Motivation . 90
6.3.4.4 Knowledge Processing . 90
6.3.4.4.1 Knowledge Representation and Enhancement . 90
6.3.4.4.2 Knowledge Normalisation . 91
6.3.4.4.3 Transforming Data, Information, and Knowledge into Wisdom . 92
6.3.4.4.4 Semantic Bus . 93
6.3.4.5 Repositories . 93
6.3.4.5.1 Overview . 93
6.3.4.5.2 Data Repository . 94
6.3.4.5.3 Model Repositories . 94
6.3.4.5.4 Knowledge Repositories . 94
6.3.4.5.5 Blackboard Repositories . 95
6.3.4.5.6 Repository Operation . 96
6.3.4.5.7 Semantically Augmented Query and Learning . 96
6.3.4.6 Function of the Knowledge Management Functional Block . 96
6.3.4.6.1 Introduction . 96
6.3.4.6.2 Grounding Knowledge Using Semantics . 97
6.3.4.6.3 Resolving Knowledge Conflicts . 97
6.3.4.6.4 Knowledge Distribution . 97
6.3.4.7 Operation of the Knowledge Management Functional Block . 97
6.3.4.7.1 Introduction . 97
6.3.4.7.2 Observe Functionality . 98
6.3.4.7.3 Orient Functionality . 99
6.3.4.7.4 Decide Functionality . 99
6.3.4.7.5 Model-Driven-Enhanced Decide Functionality . 100
6.3.4.7.6 Act Functionality . 100
6.3.4.7.7 Model-Driven-Enhanced Act Functionality . 100
6.3.4.7.8 Learning-Enhanced OODA . 100
6.3.4.7.9 Reasoning-Enhanced OODA . 101
6.3.5 Context-Aware Management Functional Block . 101
6.3.5.1 Introduction . 101
6.3.5.2 Motivation . 101
6.3.5.3 Function of the Context-Aware Management Functional Block . 101
6.3.5.3.1 Introduction . 101
6.3.5.3.2 Modelling and Representation of Context Awareness . 102
6.3.5.3.3 Processing Contextual Updates . 104
6.3.5.4 Operation of the Context-Aware Management Functional Block . 105
6.3.6 Cognition Management Functional Block . 107
6.3.6.1 Introduction . 107
6.3.6.2 Motivation . 107
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6.3.6.3 Function of the Cognition Management Functional Block . 107
6.3.6.3.1 Introduction (informative) . 107
6.3.6.3.2 The Symbolic Approach (informative) . 108
6.3.6.3.3 The Connectionist Approach (informative) . 110
6.3.6.4 Operation of the Cognition Management Functional Block . 110
6.3.7 Situational Awareness Functional Block . 110
6.3.7.1 Introduction . 110
6.3.7.2 Motivation . 111
6.3.7.3 Function of Situational Awareness . 111
6.3.7.4 Operation of the Situational Awareness Functional Block . 111
6.3.7.4.1 Introduction . 111
6.3.7.4.2 Use of Memory and the Cognition Model . 111
6.3.7.4.3 Definition and Management of Goals to be Achieved . 112
6.3.7.4.4 Architecture of a Cognitive Functional Block . 112
6.3.7.4.5 Leveraging Historical Situation Information . 114
6.3.7.5 Difference between Context Awareness and Situational Awareness . 114
6.3.8 Model Driven Engineering Functional Block . 114
6.3.8.1 Introduction . 114
6.3.8.2 Motivation . 114
6.3.8.3 Function of the Model Driven Engineering Functional Block . 115
6.3.8.4 Operation of the Model Driven Engineering Functional Block . 115
6.3.8.4.1 Introduction . 115
6.3.8.4.2 Knowledge Data Fusion, Transformation, and Processing . 117
6.3.8.4.3 Knowledge Transformation into Policy Information . 117
6.3.9 Policy Management Functional Block . 117
6.3.9.1 Introduction . 117
6.3.9.2 Motivation . 117
6.3.9.3 Modelling and Representing Types of Policies . 118
6.3.9.3.1 Introduction . 118
6.3.9.3.2 Reuse of the MEF Policy Model . 118
6.3.9.3.3 Reuse of the MEF Core Model . 118
6.3.9.3.4 Types of Policies Used in ENI . 119
6.3.9.3.5 Overview of a Unified Policy Inf
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