ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)

Core Network and Interoperability Testing (INT/WG AFI) Autonomicity and Self-Management in IMS architecture

DTR/INT-004_AFI-0019-GANA-IMS

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Technical Committee: INT AFI - Evolution of Management towards Autonomic Future Internet
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 03-May-2022
• Completion Date: 02-May-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)






TECHNICAL REPORT
Core Network and Interoperability Testing (INT/WG AFI)
Autonomicity and Self-Management in IMS architecture

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2 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)

Reference
DTR/INT-004_AFI-0019-GANA-IMS
Keywords
architecture, autonomic networking
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ETSI

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3 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
Executive summary . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 8
2 References . 8
2.1 Normative references . 8
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 12
3.1 Terms . 12
3.2 Symbols . 12
3.3 Abbreviations . 12
4 About the ETSI GANA Reference Model for Autonomic Networking, Cognitive Networking and
Self-Management of Networks and Services . 15
4.1 Overview . 15
4.2 ETSI GANA Knowledge Plane (KP) Platform Positioning and Integration as a part of a Multi-Layer AI
Framework for E2E Closed-Loop (Autonomic) Service & Security Assurance . 20
5 IMS Reference Scenario considered for the Introduction of GANA Autonomics in IMS . 22
5.1 Working IMS Reference Architecture . 22
5.2 IMS Services and Network Environments Integration . 24
5.3 Use Cases for Autonomic Management and Control (AMC) in IMS architecture and its associated
Management and Control Architecture . 26
6 Instantiation of GANA Functional Blocks and Reference Points for Enabling Autonomic
Management & Control of IMS Services in the IMS Architecture . 26
6.1 Overview . 26
6.2 High-Level View of the GANA Instantiation onto the IMS Architecture . 27
6.3 IMS Traffic Monitoring Architecture, Monitoring Data and KPIs Data Feeds into the GANA KPs for
E2E Closed-Loop (Autonomic) Service & Security Assurance . 33
6.4 GANA KP(s) Analytics Driven (Re)-Orchestrations and Provisioning of IMS Services by the IMS
Layer GANA KP . 36
6.5 Instantiation of GANA Decision Elements (DEs) onto the IMS Architecture . 37
6.5.1 Overview . 37
6.6 IP Multimedia related Managed Entities (MEs) of the respective GANA Knowledge Plane Platforms
that should be adaptively (re)-configured by KP DEs . 42
7 Characterization of IMS Knowledge Plane (KP) Level DEs by illustrating examples of DEs'
autonomic operations . 43
7.1 Overview . 43
7.2 Other Kinds of Data/Information that can be fed into GANA KP Platforms in Driving Autonomics for
IMS Services . 45
8 Perspectives on Implications of 5G and Network Slicing on Autonomics/AMC in IMS . 46
Annex A: Change History . 51
History . 52


ETSI

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4 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The declarations
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, are publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be
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ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the
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Pursuant to the ETSI Directives including the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation regarding the essentiality of IPRs,
including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not
referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become,
essential to the present document.
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Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Core Network and Interoperability
Testing (INT).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Executive summary
The purpose of the present document is to provide a Framework that serves to guide innovators and implementers of
autonomics algorithms (including Artificial Intelligence algorithms) for what are called Autonomic Functions (AFs)
instantiated into the IMS architecture and its associated management and control architecture in implementing the
prescribed DEs and other GANA enablers for autonomics in IMS. The Autonomics Functions are software components
called ETSI GANA Decision-making Elements (DEs) defined in the ETSI standard ETSI TS 103 195-2 [i.5].
Such prescribed GANA autonomics in IMS is meant to enable IMS functions to self-manage and at the same time be
dynamically and adaptively policy-controlled by upper Artificial Intelligence-Driven Platform called GANA
Knowledge Plane Platform - thanks to the introduction of Decision-making Elements (DEs) and associated control
loops at the Network, Node and Function-level of the GANA reference model into the IMS network architecture and
associated management and control architecture.
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5 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)
The Framework brings various benefits to stakeholders as described in the present document, stakeholders such as the
following:
• Innovators for IMS autonomics DE algorithms, Autonomics Software Suppliers, and IMS Solutions
Vendors/Suppliers.
• Communications Service Providers (CSPs) or Network Operators that deploy IMS.
• Researchers researching Autonomic Algorithms for Autonomic Service Management & Control for IMS.
Introduction
This clause introduces the Value of Autonomics in IMS in Evolving & Future Networks is described, as industry moves
to Knowledge Planes (KPs) Driven Networking Era.
The following points provide a summarized view of the value of Autonomics in IMS in Evolving & Future Networks:
1) Autonomics is about Self-configuration, Self-diagnosis, Self-protection, Self-optimization, self-awareness, and
other Self-* features in the management and control operations of a component (e.g. IMS Function) and the
System as a whole (e.g. IMS Platform), using Control-Loops over (re)-configurable Managed Entities (MEs)
and parameters of the Component/System.
2) The ETSI GANA Framework prescribes Design and Operational Principles for Autonomic Management &
Control (AMC) Software Components (called GANA Decision-making Elements (DEs) that can be
instantiated and implemented in Network Elements/Functions (NEs/NFs) and/or in the Management and
Control realm of the associated Network Architecture.
3) Examples of Use Cases for Autonomic Management & Control of IMS Functions using GANA Knowledge
Plane (KP) Platforms (defined in the clause that follows this present one and in ETSI TS 103 195-2 [i.5] in
more detail) and/or by Autonomic Functions introduced and embedded within an IMS Function:
- IMS Network Function (NF) Auto-Configuration and Adaptive Re-Configuration in detected or
predicted situations or contexts.
- Energy Saving.
- Signalling Optimization.
- QoS Optimization, e.g. Latency Optimization with respect processing time at NF, E2E latency, and
service delivery to Users.
4) Autonomics in IMS plays an important role in the ETSI GANA based Autonomic & Cognitive Management of
5G Slices & E2E Orchestration - GANA KP Platforms should collaborate in Slice (re)-creation and Assurance
based on various Situations and KPIs computed by the KPs. Operations Support System (OSS)/Business
Support Systems (BSS), Management and Network Orchestration (MANO), Software-Defined Network
(SDN) Controllers, etc., may be used in Slice Creation and KPs takeover the Assurance by adaptively
re-programming OSS/BSS, MANO, SDN Controllers in adapting to situations by fixing problems in Slices.
5) The value of GANA autonomics introduced at a higher-level outside of an IMS function is as follows:
- The present document introduces IP Multimedia Application Layer GANA Knowledge Plane (KP), IMS
GANA Knowledge Plane (KP), and Transport Layer GANA Knowledge Plane (KP), and each is
responsible for dynamic management and control of the Functions of its corresponding layer it is
responsible for by using GANA DEs and DE Algorithms (which include Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Algorithms) to dynamically (re)-orchestrate or (re)-configure as driven by Human Operator inputs such
as service SLAs and other kinds of configuration data and situations that require the KP to compute a
plan of actions to apply to the Functions of the layer in order to enforce a change in the configuration or
operation of the Functions.
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6 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)
- Each of the KPs may perform the following, in respect of the Functions of the Layer the KP is
responsible for in a standalone manner and/or in collaboration with other KPs that provide it some
data/information (e.g. KPIs) of relevance to the operations:
 Automated service orchestration and provisioning (via Management and Control Systems such as
OSS/BSS, SDN Controllers, MANO, etc.).
 Automatic service resilience and close-loop service adaptation to various challenges detected or
predicted in the network such as faults/errors/failures and/or security-threats/attacks/risks and/or
performance degradations of various service impacting entities.
 Autonomic Functions Orchestrations based on resilience and survivability scenarios.
 End to End Service Level Agreements (E2E SLAs) fulfilment and Assurance by the collaboration
of the KP Platforms.
 Security-Driven Autonomic Service Adaptation.
NOTE 1: Node (NE/NF) level Autonomics (Low-Level Autonomics) by GANA DEs introduced to operate within
an IMS Function, e.g. Self-configuration case for an IMS Function such as the HSS with associated
Managed Entities (MEs) is illustrated in the present document.
NOTE 2: Higher-Level Autonomics is to be realized by higher level hierarchical GANA DEs of what are called
GANA Knowledge Plane (KP) Platform(s), and the present document also provides a framework for
implementing GANA KP Level autonomics in the IMS architecture.
In the present document, the Benefits the Framework for GANA Autonomics in IMS Architectures brings to Key
Stakeholders is described.
The Framework for GANA Autonomics in IMS Architectures presented by the present document brings the following
benefit to the key stakeholders indicated:
1) Benefits to Innovators for IMS autonomics DE algorithms, Autonomics Software Suppliers, and IMS
Solutions Vendors/Suppliers:
- ETSI Framework on GANA Instantiation onto IMS offers Innovators and Autonomics Software
Suppliers guidance on how to implement GANA DEs with associated Analytics and AI Algorithms for
Autonomics in IMS in Evolving and Future Networks as Industry Moves to Knowledge Planes (KPs)
Driven Networking Era.
- Federation of Knowledge Planes (KPs) Platforms is required to manage E2E services as IMS is in
overlay over every IP capable networks (fixed or mobile networks) and it is always interconnected with
Circuit Switched networks and Legacy mobile signalling Networks.
2) Benefits to CSPs (Communications Service Providers) or Network Operators that deploy IMS:
- ETSI GANA DEs instantiated into an IMS Function make the IMS function to exhibit some
self-management intelligence pertaining to self-configuration, resilience, self-protecting and self-
defending from attacks/risks, self-optimizing its operations, and other self-* features that can be
introduced directly into an IMS Function as discussed later in the present document.
- From OPEX reduction for IMS operations and Innovation opportunities this intelligence implemented in
individual IMS functions using DE algorithms for autonomics enables CSPs to benefit from various
Business and Operational Scenarios that could be envisaged. While the complementary GANA
Knowledge Plane (KP) Platform(s) in IMS environment for Higher-Level Autonomics by higher level
hierarchical GANA DEs offer even more benefits when combined with the DEs implemented in IMS
Functions in terms of OPEX reduction in operations of IMS and Network Automation based on
AI-Driven Orchestration and dynamic adaptation of IMS Services.
- A GANA KP Platform for IMS Layer (IMS_KP) is used for self-management and control of IMS
Network functions using advanced AI Algorithms and Analytics by the KP's DEs.
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7 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)
- GANA DEs' Control-loops can be implemented on any IMS NF for autonomic operations such as
autonomic security management (self-protection and self-defense), Self-Configuration
(Auto-configuration), Autonomic QoS/QoE Management, Autonomic Fault-Management, as DEs
dynamically (re)-configure their associated Managed Entities (as prescribed by the ETSI Framework
presented in the present document).
3) Benefits to Researchers researching Autonomic Algorithms for Autonomic Service Management &
Control for IMS:
- Researchers can now bring Research Results on Autonomics Algorithms for Dynamic IMS Services to
implementing autonomic IMS products according to the ETSI Framework for implementing Autonomics
in IMS presented by the present document.
NOTE 3: The various Stakeholders are encouraged to join the ongoing work in ETSI TC INT AFI WG on
Autonomics in IMS, or join the Open 5G PoC Program for a Joint Demos on Autonomic IMS in 5G:
ETSI 5G PoC on 5G Network Slices Creation, Autonomic & Cognitive Management & E2E Orchestration
- with Closed-Loop (Autonomic) Service Assurance:
https://intwiki.etsi.org/index.php?title=Accepted_PoC_proposals.

ETSI

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1 Scope
The present document provides a Framework of an Autonomicity-enabled IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
Architecture. It focuses on the standardized IP Multimedia Subsystem reference architecture.
The present document describes:
• A high level GANA Autonomicity-enabled 3GPP IMS architecture, based on the instantiation of GANA
Functional Blocks (FBs) for autonomics and their Reference Points (Rfps) that serve as enablers for autonomic
management and control operations in IMS architecture and its associated management and control
architecture. The GANA FBs include Decision-making Elements (DEs) and other types of GANA functional
entities described in the present document.
• Autonomicity-enabled IMS functions like Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF), Media Gateway
Function (MGF), Application Server (AS) and end to end Network Management, thanks to the instantiation of
the GANA autonomics enablers onto the IMS functions and the overall IMS architecture.
• An analysis of significant GANA Decision-making Elements (DEs) for implementing Hierarchical
Control-Loops for closed-loop management and control of network resources, parameters and services, and
Reference Points associated with GANA Functional Blocks (FBs) that should be considered in introducing
autonomics in IMS service orchestration, management and control, based on deployment scenarios.
• How to achieve E2E Closed-Loop (Autonomic) IMS Services Assurance and Security Assurance by Federated
GANA Knowledge Plane (KP) Platforms.
The present document provides the recommendations that innovators and implementers of autonomics algorithms
(including Artificial Intelligence algorithms) for the GANA DEs instantiated into the IMS architecture and its
associated management and control architecture should follow in implementing the prescribed DEs and other GANA
enablers for autonomics in IMS. Such prescribed GANA autonomics is meant to enable IMS functions to self-manage
and at the same time be dynamically and adaptively policy-controlled by upper Artificial Intelligence-Driven Platform
called GANA Knowledge Plane Platform - thanks to the introduction of Decision Elements (DEs) and associated
control loops at the Network, Node and Function-level of the GANA reference model into the IMS network architecture
and associated management and control architecture.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI TS 123 228: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2
(3GPP TS 23.228)".
[i.2] ETSI TS 123 002: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Network architecture (3GPP TS 23.002)".
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9 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)
[i.3] BBF TR-145: "Multi-service Broadband Network Functional Modules and Architecture; Issue :1";
Issue Date: November 2012.
[i.4] ETSI TS 103 194: "Network Technologies (NTECH); Autonomic network engineering for the
self-managing Future Internet (AFI); Scenarios, Use Cases and Requirements for
Autonomic/Self-Managing Future Internet".
[i.5] ETSI TS 103 195-2 (2018-05): "Autonomic network engineering for the self-managing Future
Internet (AFI); Generic Autonomic Network Architecture; Part 2: An Architectural Reference
Model for Autonomic Networking, Cognitive Networking and Self-Management".
NOTE: Available at https://portal.etsi.org/webapp/WorkProgram/Report_WorkItem.asp?WKI_ID=50970.
[i.6] BBF TR-101: "Migration to Ethernet-Based Broadband Aggregation".
NOTE: Available at http://www.broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-101.pdf.
[i.7] BBF TR-106: "Data Model Template for TR-069-Enabled Devices".
[i.8] BBF TR-069: "CPE WAN Management Protocol Issue:1 Amendment 5", Issue
Date: November 2013 CWMP Version: 1.4.
[i.9] ETSI TR 103 473 (V1.1.2): "Evolution of management towards Autonomic Future Internet (AFI);
Autonomicity and Self-Management in the Broadband Forum (BBF) Architectures".
[i.10] DSL Forum TR-058: "Multi-Service Architecture & Framework Requirements", September 2003.
NOTE: Available at http://www.broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-058.pdf.
[i.11] White Paper Advanced Predictive Network Analytics: "Optimize Your Network Investments &
Transform Customer Experience".
[i.12] Albert Mestres et al: "Knowledge-Defined Networking" ACM SIGCOMM Computer
Communication Review, Volume 47, Issue 3, July 2017.
NOTE: Available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.06222.pdf.
[i.13] Ren Quinn: "KnowNet: Towards a Knowledge Plane for Enterprise Network Management";
NOMS 2016.
[i.14] ETSI White Paper No.16 GANA: "Generic Autonomic Networking Architecture Reference Model
for Autonomic Networking, Cognitive Networking and Self-Management of Networks and
Services".
[i.15] S. Nestić, N. Pekić and M. Tutman: "Challenges and achievements during integration of IMS
TM th
platform into OSS/NMS environment", In MIPRO, 2011 IEEE Proceedings of the 34
International Convention, Opatija, Croatia, 23-27 May 2011.
[i.16] ETSI TC INT AFI WG 5G PoC White Paper No.3: "Programmable Traffic Monitoring Fabrics
that enable On-Demand Monitoring and Feeding of Knowledge into the ETSI GANA Knowledge
Plane for Autonomic Service Assurance of 5G Network Slices; and Orchestrated Service
Monitoring in NFV/Clouds".
NOTE: Available at https://intwiki.etsi.org/images/ETSI_5G_PoC_White_Paper_No_3_2019_v1.19.pdf.
[i.17] ETSI TC INT AFI WG 5G PoC White Paper No.1: "C-SON Evolution for 5G, Hybrid SON
Mappings to the ETSI GANA Model, and achieving E2E Autonomic (Closed-Loop) Service
Assurance for 5G Network Slices by Cross-Domain Federated GANA Knowledge Planes".
NOTE: Available at https://intwiki.etsi.org/images/ETSI_GANA_in_5G_PoC_White_Paper_No_1_v1.28.pdf.
[i.18] ETSI TC INT AFI WG 5G PoC White Paper No.2: "ONAP Mappings to the ETSI GANA Model;
Using ONAP Components to Implement GANA Knowledge Planes and Advancing ONAP for
Implementing ETSI GANA Standard's Requirements; and C-SON - ONAP Architecture".
NOTE: Available at https://intwiki.etsi.org/images/ETSI_5G_PoC_White_Paper_No_2_Final_v7.3.pdf.
ETSI

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10 ETSI TR 103 627 V1.1.1 (2022-05)
[i.19] Paolo De Lutiis and Dario Lombardo: "An innovative way to analyse large ISP data for IMS
TM th
security and monitoring", IEEE 13 International Conference on Intelligence in Next
Generation Networks (INGN), Bordeaux, France, 26-29 October 2009, pp. 1-6.
[i.20] ETSI GS NFV-REL 004: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Assurance; Report on Active
Monitoring and Failure Detection".
NOTE: Available at https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/nfv-rel/001_099/004/01.01.01_60/gs_nfv-
rel004v010101p.pdf.
[i.21] ETSI TS 132 454: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
Telecommunication management; Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for the IP Multimedia
Subsystem (IMS) (3GPP TS 32.454)".
[i.22] ETSI GS NFV-SEC 013: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) Release 3; Security; Security
Management and Monitoring specification".
[i.23] Vyshak
...