ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06)

Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); DECT evolution technical study; Requirements and technical analysis for the further evolution of DECT and DECT ULE

DTR/DECT-00308

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Jun-2017
• Technical Committee: DECT - Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT)
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 06-Jul-2017
• Completion Date: 30-Jun-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06)






TECHNICAL REPORT
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT);
DECT evolution technical study;
Requirements and technical analysis for the further evolution
of DECT and DECT ULE

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2 ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06)



Reference
DTR/DECT-00308
Keywords
DECT, IoT, radio

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3 ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 7
Foreword . 7
Modal verbs terminology . 7
Executive summary . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 References . 8
2.1 Normative references . 8
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 10
3.1 Definitions . 10
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 11
4 Overview . 13
4.1 Scope of the present document . 13
4.2 List of technical studies covered by the present document . 14
5 Low Latency Machine-to-Machine communications . 14
5.1 Low Latency ULE . 14
5.2 Design objectives . 15
5.3 Physical layer, spectrum and implementation considerations . 15
5.4 Basic principles of the solution . 15
5.4.1 Modulation . 15
5.4.2 No scan sequence limitations in RFP . 15
5.4.3 Absolute fast setup capability in PPs . 16
5.4.4 Slot type . 16
5.4.5 No limitations on slot direction in the frame . 16
5.4.6 Basic decision: connection-oriented vs. connection-less bearers . 16
5.4.7 Basic decision: mixed MAC C/L / C/O approach . 17
5.4.7.1 Proposal of mixed C/L / C/O approach . 17
5.4.7.2 Q1/Q2 bit reporting . 17
5.4.8 U-plane model: MAC, DLC and NWK . 17
5.4.9 C-plane NWK layer and security . 17
5.4.10 Possible MAC messages . 17
5.4.11 Channel selection . 18
5.4.12 Example of sequence 1: short burst transmission PT => FT . 18
5.4.13 Further considerations for short burst transmissions . 20
5.4.13.1 Error cases . 20
5.4.13.2 Effect of the dummy bearer . 21
5.4.13.3 Solutions to the dummy bearer issue . 22
5.4.14 Example of sequence 2: multi burst transmission PT => FT . 23
6 Ultra Reliable Low Latency circuit mode C/O streaming applications . 24
6.1 Overview . 24
6.2 Investigation of the possibilities of current DECT technology . 24
6.2.1 General . 24
6.2.2 Latency in single-bearer DECT transmissions . 25
6.2.3 Latency in multi-bearer (symmetric) DECT transmissions . 25
6.2.4 Introducing flexibility in slot positions . 25
6.2.5 Latency in multi-bearer (asymmetric) DECT transmissions . 26
6.2.6 Sampling references for PCM-like and other codecs and impact on the delay. . 26
6.2.7 Examples . 28
6.2.8 Data rates and data rate considerations . 30
6.2.8.1 Using full slots . 30
6.2.8.2 Reference values for audio applications . 30
6.2.8.3 Using double slots . 30
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4 ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06)
6.3 Further improvements to DECT technology . 31
6.3.1 General . 31
6.3.2 Use of A-field space in double-simplex slots . 31
6.3.3 Use of A-field preamble and Z-field space in double-simplex slots . 31
6.3.4 Use of bits from the inter-slot space . 32
6.3.5 Introduction of 256 QAM . 32
6.3.6 Sliding collision detection . 33
6.3.7 Mixing full and double slots . 33
6.3.8 Optimized slot structures . 34
7 Ultra Reliable Low Latency multicast multi-bearer streaming applications . 34
7.1 Overview . 34
7.2 Basic principles . 34
7.3 Possible configurations . 35
7.3.1 General . 35
7.3.2 Comments to the configuration's table . 36
7.3.3 Remarks on the dummy . 36
7.3.4 The traffic bearers . 37
7.3.5 Notes on the synchronization approach . 37
7.3.6 Notes on the inter-slot space . 37
7.3.7 Notes on sliding collision detection . 38
7.4 Available bitrates . 38
7.4.1 Available bitrates possible with the proposed configurations (1 + 1 redundancy not considered yet) . 38
7.5 Delay . 38
7.5.1 Delay calculation . 38
7.5.2 Codec cases and influence in delay. 39
7.5.2.1 General . 39
7.5.2.2 Detailed explanation of the codec impact on the delay. . 39
7.5.3 Introducing slot tolerance . 41
7.6 Redundancy . 42
7.6.1 General . 42
7.6.2 Frequency redundancy . 42
7.6.3 Space redundancy (antenna diversity) and adaptive equalization . 42
7.6.4 Original proposal on "optimized" use of frequency diversity in high performance systems . 43
7.6.5 Redundancy in the dummy or C/L bearer . 43
7.6.5.1 Redundancy in the dummy or C/L bearer . 43
7.6.5.2 Original idea . 43
7.7 Case example . 43
7.8 Quality control: a problem approximation . 44
7.8.1 General . 44
7.8.2 Analysis of the problem . 44
7.8.2.1 Basic overview . 44
7.8.2.2 The handover problem . 44
7.8.2.3 The scan problem . 45
7.8.3 Possible solution paths . 45
7.8.3.1 General . 45
7.8.3.2 Solutions based on slot tolerance . 45
7.8.3.3 Solutions based on collecting feedback from the PP . 45
7.8.3.3.1 General . 45
7.8.3.3.2 Proposed uplink transmission mechanism. . 45
7.8.3.3.3 Impact on the downlink C-plane channel . 46
7.8.3.3.4 Information to be transmitted uplink . 46
7.9 Authentication, subscription and security . 46
7.10 Way forward / for further study . 47
8 High Level Modulation . 48
8.1 General . 48
8.2 Overview of current DECT standard . 48
8.2.1 Features already defined in DECT standard . 48
8.2.2 Features missing in DECT standard (general and packet mode transmission) . 49
8.2.3 Features missing in DECT standard for constant-bit rate low latency applications . 49
8.2.4 Analysis of some limitations in current standard . 50
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8.2.5 Some identified possible solutions (list not exhaustive) . 50
8.2.5.1 General . 50
8.2.5.2 Proposal of improvements for no encoded protected modes . 51
8.2.5.3 Proposal of improvements for encoded protected modes . 52
8.2.5.3.1 Analysis . 52
8.2.5.3.2 Pros and cons of ARQ schemas . 55
8.2.5.4 Other improvements . 56
8.2.5.4.1 Increasing of the modulation to 256 QAM . 56
9 Long term evolution of DECT . 56
9.1 DECT OFDM evolution . 56
9.1.1 Overview and technology positioning . 56
9.1.1.1 Basic principles . 56
9.1.1.2 Target application and scenarios . 57
9.1.1.3 Comparison with other technologies . 57
9.1.1.3.1 Comparison with Wi-Fi . 57
9.1.1.3.2 Differences with LTE and WiMAX . 57
9.1.2 Basic specifications. 58
9.1.3 Proposals for the physical layer . 58
9.2 The 37,5 kHz subcarrier spacing proposal . 59
9.2.1 Overview . 59
9.2.2 Basic parameters for the frequency structure . 59
9.2.3 Channelization and matching with current DECT 1,728 MHz channels . 60
9.2.4 37,5 kHz proposal basic parameters . 60
9.2.5 Slot Time Structure . 61
9.2.5.1 Structure of single and multi-slot blocks . 61
9.2.5.2 Inter-slot guard space . 61
9.2.6 Control plane multiplexing (signalling) . 62
9.2.6.1 General . 62
9.2.6.2 Possible C-plane multiplexing based on A-field / B-field mux schema . 62
9.2.6.3 Capacity of the B-field . 62
9.2.7 Frequency and mask considerations for back-compatibility with DECT "classic" . 63
9.2.8 Further improvements in the 37,5 kHz approach . 64
9.2.8.0 General . 64
9.2.8.1 Use of half-carrier channels . 64
9.2.8.2 Use of half-slots . 65
9.2.8.3 Figures if both improvements are implemented (half-carriers and half-slots) . 65
9.2.8.3.1 A-field signalling capacity (half carrier options) . 65
9.2.8.3.2 B-field data rates (half-carriers and half-slot) . 65
9.2.8.4 Use of SC-FDMA in the uplink . 66
9.3 Other subcarrier spacings and comparative analysis . 66
9.3.1 Overview of results on other subcarrier spacings . 66
9.3.2 The 54 kHz proposal . 67
9.3.2.1 54 kHz proposal basic parameters . 67
9.3.3 Comparative analysis . 67
9.3.3.1 Identification of key points for the analysis . 67
9.3.3.2 Comparative analysis between 37,5 kHz and 54 kHz proposals . 68
9.3.3.2.1 Overview . 68
9.3.3.2.2 Analysis . 68
9.3.3.2.3 Summary of the analysis. 72
9.3.3.2.4 Conclusion . 72
9.3.4 The 27 kHz proposal . 72
9.3.5 Other identified options . 74
9.3.6 For further study . 75
10 Implementation of the IETF RFC 8105 (IPv6 over DECT ULE) . 75
10.1 Introduction . 75
10.2 Overview of IETF RFC 8105 . 75
10.2.1 Introduction. 75
10.2.2 IETF RFC 8105 protocol stack model . 76
10.2.3 Data transmission setup . 76
10.2.4 IETF RFC 8105 addressing model . 77
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10.2.5 Stateless Address Auto-configuration . 77
10.2.6 Header Compression . 78
10.2.7 Security Considerations . 78
10.3 Impact and recommendations on DECT standardization . 78
10.3.1 R
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