ETSI ETS 300 177 ed.1 (1992-09)

Terminal Equipment (TE); Videotex Photographic syntax

DE/TE-01006

Terminalska oprema (TE) – Videotex – Fotografska skladnja

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-Nov-1992
• Technical Committee: TE 1 - Telematics: Videotex and MultimediaInformation Retrieval Services
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 28-Aug-1992
• Completion Date: 06-Nov-1992
• Ref Project: SIST ETS 300 177 E1:2003 - Terminal Equipment (TE); Videotex Photographic syntax

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ETS 300 177 E1:2003
01-december-2003
Terminalska oprema (TE) – Videotex – Fotografska skladnja
Terminal Equipment (TE); Videotex Photographic syntax
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 177 Edition 1
ICS:
33.160.99 Druga avdio, video in Other audio, video and
avdiovizuelna oprema audiovisual equipment
35.180 Terminalska in druga IT Terminal and other
periferna oprema IT peripheral equipment
SIST ETS 300 177 E1:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ETS 300 177 E1:2003

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SIST ETS 300 177 E1:2003
EUROPEAN ETS 300 177
TELECOMMUNICATION September 1992
STANDARD
Source: ETSI TC-TE Reference: DE/TE-01006
ICS: 33.020, 33.040.40
Videotex, Photographic Syntax
Key words:
Terminal Equipment (TE);
Videotex
Photographic Syntax
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - [e-mail]
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1992. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box

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Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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Contents
Foreword.9
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 12
3.1 Definitions. 12
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 14
4 Overview .15
5 ISO/IEC 9281, Part 1 syntax and switching structure . 16
5.1 Overall switching of coding environment. 16
5.2 Switching into the photographic mode. 18
5.3 ISO/IEC 9281, Part 1 syntax structure. 18
5.3.1 General use of the Length Indicator (LI). 19
5.3.2 Use of the Picture Identifier (PI) code . 19
6 Coding of the Picture Data Entity (PDE). 20
6.1 Introduction. 20
6.2 PDE data content identification mechanism . 20
7 Photographic header . 22
7.1 Introduction. 22
7.2 Header structure. 22
7.3 Header functionalities . 25
7.3.1 Parameter Status Attribute . 25
7.3.1.1 Reset To Default . 25
7.3.2 Picture Display Attributes . 25
7.3.2.1 Full Screen Display . 27
7.3.2.2 Source Aspect Ratio . 27
7.3.2.3 Photo-area LOCation . 27
7.3.2.4 Photo-Area Size . 27
7.3.2.5 Picture PLacement . 28
7.3.2.6 Clear Photo-Area . 30
7.3.3 Source Picture Attributes . 30
7.3.3.1 Source Picture Comments . 30
7.3.3.2 Source Picture Dimensions . 31
7.3.3.3 Source PIxel Density . 32
7.3.3.4 Source SWeep Direction . 33
7.3.3.5 DC Images . 33
7.3.4 Source Signal Attributes . 33
7.3.4.1 Source Component Description . 33
7.3.4.2 Source Component Data Precision . 34
7.3.4.3 Source Component Order . 34
7.3.4.4 Source Level Assignment . 34
7.3.5 Source Coding Algorithm Attributes . 35
7.3.5.1 JPEG Coding Mode . 35
7.3.5.2 Encoding Table Management . 37
7.3.5.3 Application Marker codes Assignment . 38
7.3.6 Transmission Channel Attributes . 38
7.3.6.1 Translation Mode Encoding . 38

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8 Coding rules.39
8.1 Purpose.39
8.2 General rules for coding the header.39
8.3 Photographic header code assignment.46
8.3.1 Attribute codes. 46
8.3.2 Parameter codes. 46
8.3.2.1 Parameter Status Attribute. 46
8.3.2.2 Picture display attributes .46
8.3.2.3 Source picture attributes .46
8.3.2.4 Source signal attributes.46
8.3.2.5 Source coding algorithm attributes .46
8.3.2.6 Transmission channel attributes .46
8.3.3 Sub-parameter codes .46
8.4 Encoding of photographic header parameters.47
8.4.1 Parameter Status Attribute: .47
8.4.1.1 Reset To Default . 47
8.4.2 Picture Display Attributes .47
8.4.2.1 Full Screen Display .47
8.4.2.2 Source ASpect Ratio .47
8.4.2.3 Photo-area LOCation . 47
8.4.2.4 Photo-Area Size .47
8.4.2.5 Picture PLacement .47
8.4.2.6 Clear Photo-Area .48
8.4.3 Source Picture Attributes .48
8.4.3.1 Source Picture Comments .48
8.4.3.2 Source Picture Dimensions .48
8.4.3.3 Source PIxel Density .48
8.4.3.4 Source SWeep Direction .49
8.4.3.5 DC Images . 49
8.4.4 Source Signal Attributes .49
8.4.4.1 Source Component Description .49
8.4.4.2 Source Component Data Precision .49
8.4.4.3 Source Component Order . 49
8.4.4.4 Source Level ASsignment .49
8.4.5 Source Coding Algorithm Attributes .50
8.4.5.1 JPEG Coding Mode . 50
8.4.5.2 Encoding Table Management .50
8.4.5.3 Application Marker codes Assignment .50
8.4.6 Transmission Channel Attributes .51
8.4.6.1 Translation Mode Encoding .51
9 Photographic data .51
9.1 Introduction.51
9.2 Translation modes.51
10 Defaults. 51
10.1 Default values for photographic header attributes.52
10.1.1 Default parameter status attribute.52
10.1.2 Default picture display attributes.52
10.1.3 Default source picture attributes .52
10.1.4 Default source signal attributes. 53
10.1.5 Default source coding algorithm attributes .53
10.1.6 Default transmission channel attributes.54
10.2 Default tables.54
10.2.1 Default quantisation tables .54
10.2.1.1 Default quantisation tables for CIF images. 54
10.2.1.2 Default quantisation tables for 2:1:1 images.55
10.2.1.3 Default quantisation tables for 4:2:2 images.55
10.2.2 Default Huffman tables.56
10.2.2.1 Default Huffman table for luminance DC differences.56

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10.2.2.2 Default Huffman table for chrominance DC differences . 56
10.2.2.3 Default Huffman table for luminance AC coefficients . 57
10.2.2.4 Default Huffman table for chrominance AC coefficients . 59
11 Photographic profiles. 61
11.1 Compatible photographic profiles (P1 to P5) . 62
11.1.1 Profile P1 . 62
11.1.2 Profile P2 . 64
11.1.3 Profile P3 . 64
11.1.4 Profile P4 . 64
11.1.5 Profile P5 . 65
11.2 Private choice of photographic profile (Ppriv). 65
Annex A (informative): Photovideotex tutorial . 66
A.1 Introduction. 66
A.2 The present state of photovideotex. 66
A.3 Image representation. 67
A.4 The JPEG compression technique . 68
A.4.1 Lossy and lossless compression . 68
A.4.2 Modes of encoding. 69
A.4.3 The DCT-based coding. 70
A.4.3.1 The discrete cosine transform . 71
A.4.3.2 Quantisation. 72
A.4.3.3 Huffman coding [A8] . 73
A.4.3.3.1 PCM encoding of the DC coefficients . 74
A.4.3.3.2 Zigzag Ordering of AC Coefficients . 74
A.4.4 Lossless coding . 74
A.4.5 Source images and data interleaving. 75
A.4.6 Data organisation and signalling parameters. 75
A.5 The baseline system. 75
A.6 The extended system . 76
A.6.1 Coding model for successive approximation . 76
A.6.2 Coding model for spectral selection . 76
A.6.3 Hierarchical encoding. 76
A.7 Summary.77
A.8 Bibliography. 77
Annex B (informative): Implementation guidelines on display rendering. 78
B.1 Introduction. 78
B.2 Rendering of resolution . 78
B.2.1 Resolution independence . 78
B.2.2 Display rendering guidelines for Data Syntax II profiles . 80
B.2.2.1 Pixel alignment. 80
B.2.2.1.1 CCIR Recommendation 601, Part 1 4:2:2 resolution. 80
B.2.2.1.2 CCIR Recommendation 601, Part 1 2:1:1 resolution. 80
B.2.2.1.3 CIF format . 80
B.2.2.1.4 QCIF format. 81
B.2.2.2 Adjustment of horizontal resolution. 81
B.2.2.2.1 "Adding" pixels. 81
B.2.2.2.2 "Removing" pixels . 82

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B.3 The concept of normalised colour space.82
Annex C (informative): Solutions for common compatible photovideotex databases serving different
resolution terminals .83
C.1 Introduction.83
C.2 Hierarchical mode.83
C.2.1 Coding.83
C.2.2 Decoding .85
C.2.3 Example for a "resolution pyramid" for hierarchical build-up.85
C.2.3.1 Advantages of the suggested technique .86
C.2.3.1.1 Independence of transmission, decompression and
display.86
C.2.3.1.2 Independence of image resolution from the terminal
resolution. .86
C.2.3.1.3 Storage gain in the database host through the pyramidal
database.86
C.2.3.2 Disadvantages .86
C.3 Special spectral selection.87
C.3.1 Coding.87
C.3.2 Decoding .88
Annex D (informative): Coding examples.90
D.1 Introduction.90
D.1.1 Example 1 .90
D.1.2 Example 2 .92
D.1.3 Example 3 .94
D.2 Image positioning examples.96
D.2.1 Example 1: 640 X 480 picture inside DDA .96
D.2.2 Example 2: 720 X 576 picture full screen.96
D.2.3 Example 3: 720 X 346 picture covering upper 60% of full screen.97
D.3 Example for Source Picture Comments (PCT) .98
D.3.1 An application scenario .98
D.3.2 Sample logical record of a Source picture: .98
Annex E (informative): ETSI/CCITT Cross-reference list.100
Annex F (normative): Encoding parameters values for the 2:1:1 derived from CCIR
Recommendation 601, Part 1.101
F.1 Introduction.101
F.2 Encoding parameters for 2:1:1 .101
F.2.1 Main body of CCIR Recommendation 601, Part 1.101
F.2.2 Annex I of the CCIR Recommendation 601, Part 1.101
F.2.3 Annex II of the CCIR Recommendation 601, Part 1.101
F.2.3.1 Relationship of active line to analogue synchronisation reference.101
F.2.3.2 Definition of the digital signals Y, C , C , from the primary (analogue)
R B
signals E' , E' and E' .101
R G B
F.2.4 Annex III of the CCIR Recommendation 601.102
Annex G (normative): Translation modes.106
G.1 Mode 0 (No translation, full transparency) .106

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G.2 Mode 2 (3-in-4 coding) . 106
G.3 Mode 4 (Shift scheme - 7 bits) . 106
Annex H (informative): Huffman tables for the "special spectral selection" . 108
H.1 Introduction. 108
H.2 Spectral bands. 108
H.3 Luminance DC differences . 108
H.3.1 List of codelengths . 108
H.3.2 List of values . 108
H.4 Chrominance DC differences. 109
H.4.1 List of codelengths . 109
H.4.2 List of values . 109
H.5 Luminance AC coefficients . 109
H.5.1 List of codelengths . 109
H.5.2 List of values . 109
H.6 Chrominance AC coefficients. 112
H.6.1 List of codelengths . 112
H.6.2 List of values . 112
History. 115

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Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been prepared by the Terminal Equipment (TE)
Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) in order to specify a
new common data syntax for transmitting photographic images to be used by Videotex terminal equipment.
This ETS is part of a series of ETSs which describe the Videotex presentation layer data syntax.
This ETS defines a data syntax to be used for conveying photographic data in a Videotex environment. The
necessary tools are provided for the transfer of photographic data, typically from a Videotex Host to a
Videotex terminal. This data syntax is equally applicable to either storage or communication applications
and is independent of physical device or transmission media.
This ETS does not deal with the visible appearance of the displayed pictures, however all the necessary
source image information is provided to make the proper physical adaptation at the receiving side. The
specification of post-processing techniques is left to the implementors and is, therefore, outside the scope
of this ETS.
More precisely, this ETS defines the syntax and semantics of image data and image attributes for
photographic Videotex interchange purposes. In particular, it addresses the various aspects of image
dimensionality such as spatial, amplitudinal, temporal and spectral content, it provides some basic tools for
positioning photographic images within a defined area, it also addresses the structure and organisation of
the data and uses standardised compression schemes. In particular, the ISO-Joint Photographic Experts
Group (JPEG) compression algorithm [13], based on the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is used. In this
ETS the algorithms or compression techniques themselves are not described, references are provided.
The intention of this ETS is primarily to provide Videotex application developers with a sufficient set of
photographic transfer tools which are independent of the equipment used to implement/provide them. This
ETS is intended to support operations on and display of, various classes of images from a wide variety of
imaging applications. However, to ensure that compatibility can be achieved between various Videotex
services supporting photographic mode, some realistic and specific characteristics are chosen and defined
in the Clause on profiles (Clause 11). In the future, other selections might be made allowing the definition
of new recommended profiles.
This ETS closely follows the concepts and coding techniques as described in ISO/IEC 9281, Part 1 [11]
for the identification of pictorial information and for switching between picture environments and coding
systems according to ISO 2022 [10].

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1 Scope
This ETS specifies the data syntax to be used by Videotex services for conveying photographic data.
In general, it applies to the interchange of photographic data via storage or transmission media.
The ETS is applicable to Videotex terminals connected to various types of telecommunication networks
including; a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a Public Switched Packet Data Network (PSPDN)
or an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). For the ISDN case, these terminals will typically support
"ISDN Syntax-based Videotex" (see ETS 300 079 [3]).
The syntax allows for some private extensions beyond the transmission of still pictures. For example, a
provision has been made for the transmission of a "difference" image to allow a slow scan television type
of application.
2 Normative references
This ETS incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative
references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publicati
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