ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)

Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Analysis of Location Information Standards produced by various SDOs

DTS/TISPAN-03048-EMTEL

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jul-2008
• Technical Committee: TISPAN 3 - TISPAN Protocols
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 06-Aug-2008
• Completion Date: 31-Jul-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)
Technical Specification


Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN);
Analysis of Location Information Standards
produced by various SDOs

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2 ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)



Reference
DTS/TISPAN-03048-EMTEL
Keywords
Emergency, location
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© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2008.
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3 ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.6
Foreword.6
Introduction .6
1 Scope.8
2 References.8
2.1 Normative references.8
2.2 Informative references.10
3 Definitions and abbreviations.11
3.1 Definitions.11
3.2 Abbreviations.13
4 Introduction .16
4.1 Emergency Response Principles.16
4.2 One emergency call number.16
4.3 Service specific emergency call numbers.17
4.4 Use of the Location Information .18
4.4.1 Call routing.18
4.4.2 Dispatching.19
4.4.3 Locating.19
4.5 Location Information.19
4.5.1 Geodetic locating information .20
4.5.1.1 X and Y coordinates.20
4.5.1.2 Z coordinate.20
4.5.2 Civic locating information .21
4.6 Coding principles for location information .22
4.6.1 Specific field definitions.22
4.6.2 Rigorously structured field definitions .23
4.6.3 Loosely structured field definitions .25
4.6.4 Comparison of field definitions .26
4.7 Conversion of location information.26
4.7.1 Geodetic to map.26
4.7.2 Geodetic to area .26
4.7.3 Geodetic to civic .27
4.7.4 Civic to geodetic .27
4.7.5 Civic to map and civic to area.27
5 Categories of impact on location information.27
5.1 Mobility.27
5.2 UE attachment.28
5.3 CPN Architecture.28
5.4 Location information.32
6 Cascading networks.33
6.1 Direct attachment to NGN access networks .33
6.2 Attachment of an NGCN to an access network.34
6.3 Cascaded NGCN.35
6.4 Location acquisition protocol and Proxy LIS querying.35
6.5 The problem of the tunnel .37
7 Handling of emergency sessions in 3GPP.38
7.1 Architecture.38
7.2 User equipment (UE).38
7.2.1 Requirements.38
7.2.2 Emergency session establishment request .39
7.3 IMS Functional entities .39
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4 ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)
7.3.1 Proxy Call Server Control Function (P-CSCF).39
7.3.2 Emergency Call Server Control Function (E-CSCF).40
7.3.3 Location Retrieval Function (LRF) .40
7.4 Procedures for IMS Emergency Services (Overview).41
7.4.1 Procedures without Location Retrieval Function (LRF).41
7.4.2 Procedures involving the Location Retrieval Function (LRF).41
7.4.3 Acquiring location information from the UE and/or the network.42
8 The IETF, NENA, ATIS Approach.43
8.1 Abstract.43
8.2 Introduction/Executive Summary.43
8.3 NENA «i2» Architecture.44
8.4 Location Determination in Broadband Access Networks.44
8.5 LIS Operational Considerations.45
8.6 Location Acquisition Protocols.46
8.7 Location Parameter Conveyance.47
9 Comparison between 3GPP and NENA.47
10 Developments in Europe (EU) .47
10.1 The CGALIES survey - Excerpt from Final Report.48
10.1.1 Type of areas.48
10.1.2 Type of information.48
10.1.3 Use of the Location Information.49
10.1.4 Accuracy.49
10.2 Developments in the UK .49
10.2.1 Background.49
10.2.2 Progress.50
10.3 Developments in Germany (Core IMS Emergency Calling Architecture).50
10.3.1 Introduction.50
10.3.2 Description of the DT Core IMS Emergency Calling Architecture (for DSL-access).51
10.3.2.1 Step 1.51
10.3.2.2 Step 2.52
10.3.3 Proposal for a Harmonized International Emergency Calling Architecture (NENA «i2», 3GPP IMS
and DT Core IMS).53
10.3.4 Additional Requirements to the TISPAN Emergency Calling Architecture.54
10.3.4.1 NENA «i2» architecture drawbacks.54
10.3.4.2 Requirements to the TISPAN Emergency Calling Architecture .55
11 Developments in North America.55
12 Developments in Australia .55
12.1 Location information options .55
12.2 Supplementary comments on the options.56
12.3 Potential barriers to adoption.56
12.4 The role of the access network(s).57
12.4.1 The NGN access network .57
12.4.2 The NGCN access network.57
12.5 Alignment of activity with International Standards Developments.58
13 Developments in the Far East.58
13.1 Developments in Japan.58
13.1.1 Introduction.58
13.1.2 Emergency numbers .59
13.1.3 IP Telephony Requirements for Emergency Calls.59
13.1.3.1 Basic requirements.59
13.1.3.2 Acquiring and presenting geographical location information .60
13.1.4 Japanese address code for location information.61
13.2 Other developments.62
14 Problems solved and unsolved .62
14.1 Problems solved.62
14.1.1 NGCN with Location Acquisition Protocol.62
14.1.2 Cascading networks .63
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5 ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)
14.1.3 Geodetic or civic location information .63
14.1.4 Conversions from geodetic to civic addresses are country specific.63
14.1.5 From TDM based to IP based NGN emergency communication .63
14.2 Problems unsolved.64
14.2.1 GNSS receipt inside buildings or tunnels .64
14.2.2 "Tree and Branch" scenarios.64
14.2.3 VPN tunnels.64
14.2.4 Accuracy of location information in the LIS .64
Annex A (informative): Recommendation of the Commission (2003/558/EC) .65
A.1 Considerata.65
A.2 Recommendation.66
Annex B (informative): List of Technology Recommendations .68
B.1 Location information format .68
B.2 Location information acquisition protocol .68
B.3 Signalling/transfer of location information .68
B.4 Related Conventions/Standards.68
Annex C (informative): URLs and References .69
C.1 Organizations.69
C.2 Documents.69
Annex D (informative): Location determination without GNSS.70
D.1 Self-Organizing position determination in Ad-Hoc networks.70
D.1.1 Step 1 - Time synchronization.70
D.1.2 Step 2 - Local coordinate system.70
D.1.3 Step 3 - Network coordinate system.72
D.1.4 The anchor and the seed .74
D.1.5 Bibliography for annex D.76
D.2 WLAN Positioning System.76
D.2.1 System Operation.76
D.2.2 Application.77
D.2.3 Key Differences.77
D.2.3.1 Cost and Simplicity.77
D.2.3.2 Availability .77
D.2.3.3 Reliability.78
D.2.3.4 Accuracy.78
D.2.3.5 Speed.78
D.2.3.6 Hybrid Operation.78
D.2.4 Note of Caution!.78
Annex E (informative): Bibliography.79
History .80

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6 ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Telecommunications and Internet
converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN).
Introduction
The present document has been produced by an ETSI STF co-funded by EC/EFTA to examine the work of various
Standards Development Organizations worldwide in developing and implementing protocols for the transmission of
location information over telecommunications networks for use in establishing the location of users of the emergency
calling facilities. In order to effectively deliver emergency services to the location of a reported incident, it is essential
for the emergency response organization to have timely and accurate information that enables them to correctly identify
the location of the incident.
The ability to initiate an emergency communication to summon help when needed is regarded by the European
Commission as a right of all citizens and this ability should ideally be independent of the network and access
technologies deployed or the physical abilities of the citizen.
The rights of individual users to privacy shall be adhered to according to European regulations and it is therefore
essential that all information derived from emergency calls shall only be used for management of the related incident. If
applied to non-emergency calls, the use of caller location information for commercial purposes may also be subject to
European or national regulation.
In many circumstances, citizens reporting an incident requiring urgent assistance are unable to provide the emergency
service with accurate information about the location of the emergency. This may be due either due to the nature of the
emergency, the callers' lack of local knowledge, their disabilities or lack of linguistic ability, etc. Young children or
cognitively impaired people may not have the language skills to explain their location, speech and/or hearing impaired
users may not be able to use voice terminals, visually impaired or otherwise disabled people may not be able to use text
terminals, elderly or confused people may not be able to use any form of terminal, etc. For these significantly large
categories of users the successful outcome of an emergency call could make the difference between life and death. It is
therefore essential for the emergency responders to be provided with accurate location information via an automated
process based on the communications network being used by the caller.
Implementation of caller location systems is also likely to result a welcome positive impact on the reduction of
malicious calls made by criminal or anti-social persons when they realize that the automatic provision of their location
information to the emergency services could enable their almost instant apprehension.
The present document should be read in conjunction with TS 102 660 [19] which reports on the Signalling
Requirements and Signalling Architecture for Supporting the Various Location Information Protocols for Emergency
Service on a NGN. The object of this work was to determine what, if any, standards existed and had been adopted for
signalling details of an emergency caller's location, in order to assist in the response to emergency calls.
It should be recognized that in the present document all references implying that 911 is the common emergency calling
number are used only to identify pre-existing work and as part of the titles of other documents. The mandated common
European emergency number is 112 with many countries also operating national numbers in parallel.
ETSI

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7 ETSI TS 102 650 V1.1.1 (2008-07)
The present document does not contain a fully detailed technical analysis of location information standards but
concentrates on the background information and the ongoing activities by the various standards bodies in differe
...