ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)

Network Technologies (NTECH); Autonomic network engineering for the self-managing Future Internet (AFI); Autonomicity and Self-Management in the Backhaul and Core network parts of the 3GPP Architecture

DTR/NTECH-AFI-0017-GANA-3GPP

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Oct-2016
• Technical Committee: NTECH AFI - Evolution of Management towards Autonomic Future Internet
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 07-Oct-2016
• Completion Date: 07-Oct-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)






TECHNICAL REPORT
Network Technologies (NTECH);
Autonomic network engineering
for the self-managing Future Internet (AFI);
Autonomicity and Self-Management in the Backhaul
and Core network parts of the 3GPP Architecture

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2 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)



Reference
DTR/NTECH-AFI-0017-GANA-3GPP
Keywords
3GPP, architecture, autonomic networking
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3 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.3 Abbreviations . 11
4 Background . 13
4.1 Introduction . 13
4.2 The GANA Reference Model in Brief . 14
5 The 3GPP Reference Architecture considered for fusion with GANA Functional Blocks (FBs) . 15
5.1 Working reference architecture . 15
5.2 3GPP entities and reference points . 18
5.3 Assumptions for the present document . 21
5.3.1 Assumptions for the EPC . 21
5.3.2 Assumptions for the backhaul . 22
6 Instantiation of GANA reference model to 3GPP EPC architecture and basic functions . 22
6.1 Introduction . 22
6.2 Self-Configuration/Commissioning . 22
6.2.1 General description and use cases . 22
6.3.2 Protocol-level entities (GANA Level 1) to be managed (orchestrated dynamically and adaptively
(re)-configured to adapt to changes) . 23
6.3.3 Identification of GANA DEs for Self-configuration . 24
6.3.4 Mapping of the key Self-configuration functions . 25
6.3.4.1 MME . 25
6.3.4.2 HSS . 27
6.3.4.3 IP/MPLS router . 29
6.4 Self-Optimization . 31
6.4.1 General Description and use cases . 31
6.4.2 Protocol-level entities (GANA Level 1) to be managed (orchestrated dynamically and adaptively
(re)-configured to adapt to changes) . 31
6.4.3 Identification of GANA DEs for Self-Optimization . 32
6.4.4 Mapping of Self-Optimization functions . 33
6.4.4.1 MME . 33
6.4.4.2 P-GW . 34
6.4.4.3 S-GW . 35
6.4.5 Indicative example of instantiation - MME pooling management . 36
6.4.5.1 General Description . 36
6.4.5.2 MME pooling revisiting . 36
6.4.5.3 Hooks for GANA instantiation . 38
6.4.5.3.1 Instantiation of DEs and indicative parameters that need to be dynamically managed and
controlled by the DEs . 38
6.4.5.3.2 Policies distribution . 40
6.5 Self-Healing . 40
6.5.1 General Description and use cases . 40
6.5.2 Protocol-level entities (GANA Level 1) to be managed (orchestrated dynamically and adaptively
(re)-configured to adapt to changes) . 41
6.5.3 Identification of GANA DEs for Self-Healing . 41
6.5.4 Mapping of Self-Healing functions . 42
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4 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
6.5.4.1 Mapping of instantiated GANA DEs to protocols and mechanisms for MME and PGW . 42
6.5.4.2 MME . 43
6.5.4.3 P-GW . 44
6.5.5 Indicative examples of GANA instantiation - MME Self-Healing . 45
6.6 GANA Network Level view with the Knowledge Plane (KP) . 47
6.6.1 Relationship between C-SON and GANA KP, and KP southbound interfaces instantiations for 3GPP
Core . 47
6.6.2 Instantiation of the GANA Network Governance Interface of the KP for the 3GPP Core Network . 47
7 Autonomic behaviours across multiple segments to enable End-to-End (E2E) Self-Optimization . 49
7.1 Introduction . 49
7.2 Reference points and associated protocols . 50
7.3 Load Control . 52
7.4 Congestion resolution . 55
7.5 S-GW failure (without restart) . 59
8 Recommendations . 63
8.1 Overview . 63
8.2 Reference Point between C-SON and GANA KP for the Core Network . 63
8.3 Enhancing the GANA KP for EPC with analytics capabilities . 64
8.4 Policies-related considerations . 65
8.5 Other considerations . 65
9 Conclusion and Further Work . 67
Annex A: Change History . 69
History . 70


ETSI

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5 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Network Technologies (NTECH).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

ETSI

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6 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
1 Scope
The present document aims at providing recommendations for the introduction of autonomics (management and control
intelligence) in the 3GPP Core and Backhaul network architectures. To this effect, it covers the instantiation of the
reference model for Autonomic Networking, Cognition and Self-Management, called GANA (Generic Autonomic
Networking Architecture), onto the architecture defined in ETSI TS 123 401 [i.2] and ETSI TS 123 402 [i.35]. It
superimposes GANA Decision Elements (DEs) into node/device architectures and the overall 3GPP network
architecture, so that the DEs and their associated Control-Loops can be further designed to perform autonomic
management and control of the specific resources (Managed Entities) in the target architecture. It develops
recommendations on the basic behaviours of the GANA Functional Blocks (FBs) in the above context. 3GPP
specifications on policy control (ETSI TS 123 203 [i.3]) and network management (TS 123 32x series) are taken into
account into the working reference architecture. It also involves the backhaul network and associated interactions
between the different entities for an optimization with an end-to-end perspective.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI TS 123 002 (V12.5.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Network architecture
(3GPP TS 23.002 version 12.5.0 Release 12)".
[i.2] ETSI TS 123 401 (V13.6.1): "LTE; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access
(3GPP TS 23.401 version 13.6.1 Release 13)".
[i.3] ETSI TS 123 203 (V13.8.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Policy and charging control
architecture (3GPP TS 23.203 version 13.8.0 Release 13)".
[i.4] ETSI TS 132 501 (V13.0.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
Telecommunication management; Self-configuration of network elements; Concepts and
requirements (3GPP TS 32.501 version 13.0.0 Release 13)".
[i.5] ETSI TS 132 541 (V13.0.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management; Self-
Organizing Networks (SON); Self-healing concepts and requirements
(3GPP TS 32.541 version 13.0.0 Release 13)".
[i.6] ETSI NTECH AFI White Paper (draft): "The GANA (Generic Autonomic Networking
Architecture) Reference Model for Autonomic Networking, Cognitive Networking and
Self-Management of Networks and Services".
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7 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
[i.7] ETSI Draft DTR/NTECH-AFI-0018-GANA-Mesh: "Network Technologies (NTECH);Autonomic
network engineering for the self-managing Future Internet (AFI); Autonomicity and
Self-Management in Wireless Ad-hoc/Mesh Networks".
[i.8] ETSI GS AFI 002: "Autonomic network engineering for the self-managing Future Internet (AFI);
Generic Autonomic Network Architecture (An Architectural Reference Model for Autonomic
Networking, Cognitive Networking and Self-Management)".
[i.9] NGMN Alliance (2008): "NGMN Recommendation on SON and O&M Requirements".
NOTE: Available at
https://www.ngmn.org/uploads/media/NGMN_Recommendation_on_SON_and_O_M_Requirements.pdf.
[i.10] Andrea Fabrizi: "NFV self-adaptive networks; Integrate your control plane with analytics", HP
Viewpoint paper, July 2015.
NOTE: Available at https://www.hpe.com/h20195/V2/getpdf.aspx/4AA4-6147ENW.pdf.
[i.11] Ranganai Chaparadza, Tayeb Ben Meriem, John Strassner, Steven Wright and Joel Halpern:
"Industry Harmonization for Unified Standards on Autonomic Management & Control of
Networks and Services, SDN, NFV, E2E Orchestration, and Software-oriented enablers for 5G",
Report from the Joint SDOs/Fora Workshop hosted by TMForum during TMForum Live 2015
th
Event Nice, France (June 4 , 2015).
[i.12] NGMN Alliance: "RAN Evolution Project, Backhaul and Fronthaul Evolution", 31 March 2015.
NOTE: Available at http://docplayer.net/10579127-Ran-evolution-project-backhaul-and-fronthaul-evolution.html.
[i.13] ETSI TS 129 274 (V13.6.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
3GPP Evolved Packet System (EPS); Evolved General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunnelling
Protocol for Control plane (GTPv2-C); Stage 3 (3GPP TS 29.274 version 13.6.0 Release 13)".
[i.14] ETSI TS 129 281 (V13.2.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
General Packet Radio System (GPRS) Tunnelling Protocol User Plane (GTPv1-U)
(3GPP TS 29.281 version 13.2.0 Release 13)".
[i.15] ETSI TS 129 272 (V13.6.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
Evolved Packet System (EPS); Mobility Management Entity (MME) and Serving GPRS Support
Node (SGSN) related interfaces based on Diameter protocol (3GPP TS 29.272 version 13.6.0
Release 13)".
[i.16] ETSI TS 129 061 (V13.4.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Interworking between the Public
Land Mobile Network (PLMN) supporting packet based services and Packet Data Networks
(PDN) (3GPP TS 29.061 version 13.4.0 Release 13)".
[i.17] ETSI TS 129 212 (V13.6.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
Policy and Charging Control (PCC); Reference points (3GPP TS 29.212 version 13.6.0
Release 13)".
[i.18] ETSI TS 132 251 (V13.5.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management;
Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging (3GPP TS 32.251 version 13.5.0
Release 13)".
[i.19] IETF RFC 4006: "Diameter Credit-Control Application".
[i.20] ETSI TS 132 295 (V13.0.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management; Charging
management; Charging Data Record (CDR) transfer (3GPP TS 32.295 version 13.0.0
Release 13)".
[i.21] ETSI TS 129 219 (V13.3.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Policy and charging control:
Spending limit reporting over Sy reference point (3GPP TS 29.219 version 13.3.0 Release 13)".
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8 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
[i.22] ETSI TS 132 102 (V13.0.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management;
Architecture (3GPP TS 32.102 version 13.0.0 Release 13)".
rd
[i.23] 3GPP TR 23.705 (V13.0.0) (12-2014): "3 Generation Partnership Project; Technical
Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Study on system enhancements for user plane
congestion management (Release 13)".
[i.24] 4G Americas white paper: "Self-Optimizing Networks: The Benefits of SON in LTE",
October 2013.
NOTE: Available at http://www.4gamericas.org/files/7714/0759/1264/Self-Optimizing_Networks-
Benefits_of_SON_in_LTE_10.7.13.pdf.
[i.25] ETSI TS 132 426 (V13.0.0): "LTE; Telecommunication management; Performance Management
(PM); Performance measurements Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network (3GPP TS 32.426
version 13.0.0 Release 13)".
[i.26] 3GPP TR 23.857 (V11.0.0) (12-2012): "Technical Specification Group Core Network and
Terminals; Study of Evolved Packet Core (EPC) nodes restoration (Release 11)".
[i.27] ETSI TS 129 211 (V6.4.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Rx Interface
and Rx/Gx signalling flows (3GPP TS 29.211 version 6.4.0 Release 6)".
[i.28] ETSI TS 132 299 (V13.5.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management;
Charging management; Diameter charging applications (3GPP TS 32.299 version 13.5.0
Release 13)".
[i.29] ETSI TS 129 214 (V13.6.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
Policy and charging control over Rx reference point (3GPP TS 29.214 version 13.6.0 Release 13)".
[i.30] ETSI TS 132 101 (V13.0.0): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management; Principles
and high level requirements (3GPP TS 32.101 version 13.0.0 Release 13)".
[i.31] IETF Draft: "IP based Generic Control Protocol (IGCP): draft-chaparadza-intarea-igcp-00.txt".
NOTE: Available at https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-chaparadza-intarea-igcp-00.
[i.32] NGMN Alliance: "Recommended Practices for Multi-vendor SON Deployment", Deliverable D2,
28 January 2014.
NOTE: Available at https://www.ngmn.org/uploads/media/P-
Small_Cells_WS2_Multivendor_Recommended_Practices_v1_0.pdf
[i.33] ETSI TS 103 371: " Network Technologies (NTECH); Autonomic network engineering for the
self-managing Future Internet (AFI); Proofs of Concept Framework".
[i.34] ETSI TS 103 194: "Network Technologies (NTECH); Autonomic network engineering for the
self-managing Future Internet (AFI); Scenarios, Use Cases and Requirements for
Autonomic/Self-Managing Future Internet".
[i.35] ETSI TS 123 402 (V13.6.0): "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE;
Architecture enhancements for non-3GPP accesses (3GPP TS 23.402 version 13.6.0 Release 13)".
[i.36] ETSI TS 129 215: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Policy and Charging Control (PCC) over S9
reference point; Stage 3 (3GPP TS 29.215)".
[i.37] ETSI TS 123 228: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2
(3GPP TS 23.228)".
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9 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
[i.38] ETSI ES 283 035: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Network Attachment Sub-System (NASS); e2 interface based
on the DIAMETER protocoll".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
Autonomic Behaviour (AB): process which understands how desired Managed Entity (ME) behaviours are learned,
influenced or changed, and how, in turn, these affect other elements, groups and network [i.34]
NOTE: In the GANA model, an autonomic behaviour is any behaviour of a DE that is observable on its
interfaces. Autonomic function (AF) desired element's behaviour in order to learn, influence, or changed
on how it turns its effect on other elements or groups of element or network.
autonomic networking: networking paradigm that enables network devices or elements (physical or virtual) and the
overall network architecture and its management and control architecture to exhibit the so-called self-managing
properties, namely: auto-discovery of information and entities, Self-configuration (auto-configuration), Self-diagnosing,
Self-repair (Self-healing), Self-optimization, and other self-* properties
NOTE 1: Autonomic Networking can also be interpreted as a discipline involving the design of systems (e.g.
network nodes) that are self-managing at the individual system levels and together as a larger system that
forms a communication network of systems.
NOTE 2: The term "autonomic" comes from the autonomic nervous system (a closed control loop structure), which
controls many organs and muscles in the human body. Usually, human are unaware of its workings
because it functions in an involuntary, reflexive manner - for example, human do not notice when their
heart beats faster or their blood vessels change size in response to temperature, posture, food intake,
stressful experiences and other changes to which human are exposed. And their autonomic nervous
system is always working [i.34].
Complex Event Processing (CEP): data processing discipline which correlates data from multiple sources to identify
patterns of events
context aware: capability of a component or system to be aware of its execution environment, the objectives it is
supposed to meet and possibly the consequences of not delivering on the objectives, and be able to react to changes in
the environment
Decision Making Element (DME): functional entity designed and assigned to autonomically manage and control its
assigned Managed Entities (MEs) by dynamically (re)-configuring the MEs and their configurable and controllable
parameters in a closed-control loop fashion.
NOTE 1: Decision Making Elements (DMEs) [i.15] referred in short as Decision Elements (DEs) fulfil the role of
Autonomic Manager Elements.
NOTE 2: In GANA a DE is assigned (by design) to very specific MEs that it is designed to autonomically manage
and control (ETSI GS AFI 002 [i.8] provides more details on the notion of ownership of MEs by specific
DEs required in a network element architecture and the overall network architecture).
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10 ETSI TR 103 404 V1.1.1 (2016-10)
Managed Entities (Mes): physical or logical resource that can be managed by an Autonomic Manager Element (i.e. a
Decision Element) in terms of its orchestration, configuration and re-configuration through parameter settings [i.34]
NOTE: MEs and their associated configurable
...