ETSI GR NGP 016 V1.1.1 (2019-11)

Next Generation Protocols (NGP); Large-Scale Deterministic Network

DGR/NGP-0016

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Nov-2019
• Technical Committee: NGP - Next Generation Protocols
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 15-Nov-2019
• Completion Date: 18-Nov-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI GR NGP 016 V1.1.1 (2019-11)






GROUP REPORT
Next Generation Protocols (NGP);
Large-Scale Deterministic Network
Disclaimer
The present document has been produced and approved by the Next Generation Protocols (NGP) ETSI Industry Specification
Group (ISG) and represents the views of those members who participated in this ISG.
It does not necessarily represent the views of the entire ETSI membership.

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Reference
DGR/NGP-0016
Keywords
framework, IP, jitter buffer

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Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 5
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 5
3.1 Terms . 5
3.2 Symbols . 6
3.3 Abbreviations . 6
4 Introduction . 6
4.0 General . 6
4.1 Motivations. 8
4.2 Challenges & Requirements . 8
4.2.0 General . 8
4.2.1 Tolerance of a certain level of end-to-end jitter . 9
4.2.2 Fast convergence as new services are created. 9
4.2.3 Fine-grained and scalable resource reservation method . 9
4.2.4 Tolerance of long link propagation delay . 9
5 Framework of large-scale deterministic network . 10
5.1 Overview . 10
5.2 User-network interface . 10
5.3 Resource-reservation signalling . 11
5.4 Deterministic forwarding mechanisms . 11
5.4.0 General . 11
5.4.1 Scalable resource reservation at control plane . 11
5.4.2 Scalable deterministic forwarding at forwarding plane . 12
5.5 Auditing toolset . 14
History . 15


ETSI

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Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Group Report (GR) has been produced by ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) Next Generation Protocols
(NGP).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

ETSI

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1 Scope
The work item will describe a framework that enables a Layer 3 deterministic service over large-scale networks. Four
functional components to construct the whole framework are:
1) User-Network Interface (UNI);
2) resource reservation signalling;
3) deterministic forwarding mechanisms; and
4) auditing toolset.
No specific technical solution will be recommended in this work item. However, some example mechanisms will be
described in order to prove the effectiveness of the framework.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] IEC 61850: "Communication protocol manual".
NOTE: Available at https://www.naic.edu/~phil/hardware/sitePower/evd4/1MRK511242-UEN_-
_en_Communication_protocol_manual__IEC_61850__650_series__IEC.pdf.
[i.2] IETF RFC 8557: "Deterministic Networking Problem Statement".
NOTE: Available at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc8557/?include_text=1.
TM
[i.3] IEEE 802 Published TSN Standards.
NOTE: Available at https://1.ieee802.org/tsn/#Published_TSN_Standards.
TM
[i.4] IEEE 802.1Qbv-2015 : "IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks -- Bridges and
Bridged Networks - Amendment 25: Enhancements for Scheduled Traffic".
NOTE: Available at https://standards.ieee.org/standard/802_1Qbv-2015.html.
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
Void.
ETSI

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3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following sympbols apply:
K the size of aggregated resource reservation window
T the length of a cycle
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
ABRW Aggregated Bandwidth Reserved Window
DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point
EXP EXPerimental
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IP Internet Protocol
LAN Local Area Network
MNO Mobile Network Operator
MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switch
NP Network Processor
PLC Programmable Logical Controller
RTT Round Trip Time
SDF Scalable Deterministic Forwarding
SID Segment IDentifier
SLA Service Level Agreement
SRH Segment Routing Header
SRR Scalable Resource Reservation
TC Traffic Class
TLV Type/Length/Value
TSN Time Sensitive Network
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UNI User-Network Interface
VR Virtual Reality
4 Introduction
4.0 General
Deterministic IP aims at enhancing the current IP in order to provide deterministic services. Deterministic services here
means deterministic latency, very low packet loss, as well as visualization of auditing. Deterministic latency here refers
to bounded latency and bounded delay variance (i.e. jitter) [i.2].
Deterministic latency is different from low latency. The curve in Figure 1 shows the probability distribution of latency,
low latency is to lower the upper bound of this curve, while deterministic latency tries to squeeze the curve to narrow it.
In other words, deterministic latency aims to reduce jitter.
ETSI

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Low Latency
1
0
Latency
Deterministic Latency
minimal latency
= minimal link propagation delay
+ minimal inside node delay

Figure 1: Low Latency vs. Deterministic Latency
Although deterministic latency and low latency have different definitions, their technical direction is not contrary to
each other. Figure 2 analyses one-hop delay which mainly consists of two parts: on-link-delay and inside-node-delay:
• On-link-delay is mainly affected by the length of link, and the transmission rate of this link. Normally once the
network devices have been deployed, their locations do not change. That means the length of link is usually
constant. Meanwhile, the transmission rate of the link is dependent on cable media, almost invariable unless
there is congestion on the link.
• Inside-node-delay refers to the time consuming intra-node operations, like queuing, NP processing, etc. Inside-
node-delay varies a lot, and generates the long-tail effect as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 2: One-hop Delay Analysis
As Figure 3 shows, since on-link-delay is basically stable, the main way to reduce latency is to reduce the inside-node-
delay. When the inside-node-delay is reduced to a certain level, it means the total delay variance is small, which is also
deterministic latency. Hence, reducing the inside-node-delay can achieve both low latency and deterministic latency.
ETSI
Probability

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Delay variance (jitter) mainly
introduced by node processing
1
0
Latency
minimal latency
= minimal link propagation delay
+ minimal inside node delay

Figure 3: Reducing inside-node-delay to achieve both low latency and deterministic latency
4.1 Motivations
Deterministic latency is the premise that every node in a cooperative or scheduled system takes
...