IEC 60793-1-44:2023
(Main)Optical fibres - Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures - Cut-off wavelength
Optical fibres - Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures - Cut-off wavelength
IEC 60793-1-44:2023 establishes uniform requirements for measuring the cut-off wavelength of single-mode optical fibre, thereby assisting in the inspection of fibres and cables for commercial purposes. This document gives methods for measuring the cut-off wavelength for uncabled or cabled single mode telecom fibre. These procedures apply to all category B and C fibre types. There are three methods of deployment for measuring the cut-off wavelength:
- method A: cable cut-off using uncabled fibre 22 m long sample, lcc;
- method B: cable cut-off using cabled fibre 22 m long sample, lcc;
- method C: fibre cut-off using uncabled fibre 2 m long sample, lc.
All methods require a reference measurement. There are two reference-scan techniques, either or both of which can be used with all methods:
- bend-reference technique;
- multimode-reference technique using category A1(OM1-OM5) multimode fibre.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) used the diameter of the fibre loops to describe deployment;
b) added Annex D related to cut-off curve artifacts;
c) reorganized information and added more figures to clarify concepts.
Fibres optiques - Partie 1-44: Méthodes de mesure et procédures d’essai - Longueur d’onde de coupure
IEC 60793-1-44: 2023 établit des exigences uniformes pour mesurer la longueur d’onde de coupure des fibres optiques unimodales, contribuant ainsi au contrôle des fibres et câbles dans des relations commerciales. Le présent document donne des méthodes de mesure de la longueur d’onde de coupure pour les fibres de télécommunications unimodales câblées ou non câblées. Ces procédures s’appliquent à tous les types de fibres de catégories B et C (voir Références normatives). Il existe trois méthodes de déploiement pour mesurer la longueur d’onde de coupure.
- méthode A: coupure en câble utilisant un échantillon de fibre non câblée de longueur 22 m, lcc;
- méthode B: coupure en câble utilisant un échantillon de fibre câblée de longueur 22 m, lcc;
- méthode C: coupure de fibre utilisant un échantillon de fibre non câblée de longueur 2 m, lc.
Toutes les méthodes exigent une mesure de référence. Il existe deux techniques d’exploration de référence, l’une et/ou l’autre peuvent être utilisées avec toutes les méthodes:
- technique de la fibre de référence par courbure;
- technique de la fibre de référence multimodale utilisant la fibre multimodale de catégorie A1 (OM1-OM5).
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition parue en 2011. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) utilisation du diamètre des boucles de fibres pour décrire le déploiement
b) ajout de l’Annexe D, relative aux artefacts de courbe de coupure
c) réorganisation des informations et ajout de figures supplémentaires pour clarifier les concepts.
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IEC 60793-1-44 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
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Optical fibres –
Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures – Cut-off wavelength
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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IEC 60793-1-44 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Optical fibres –
Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures – Cut-off wavelength
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.180.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-7033-2
– 2 – IEC 60793-1-44:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Background . 7
5 Overview of methods . 7
6 Reference test method . 8
7 Apparatus . 8
7.1 Light source . 8
7.2 Modulation . 8
7.3 Launch optics . 8
7.4 Support and positioning apparatus . 8
7.5 Deployment mandrel . 9
7.5.1 General . 9
7.5.2 Cable cut-off wavelength deployment, method A . 9
7.5.3 Cable cut-off wavelength deployment, method B . 9
7.5.4 Fibre cut-off wavelength deployment, method C. 9
7.6 Detection optics . 10
7.7 Detector assembly and signal detection electronics . 10
7.8 Cladding mode stripper . 10
8 Sampling specimen . 10
8.1 Specimen length . 10
8.2 Specimen end face . 10
9 Procedure . 11
9.1 Positioning of specimen in apparatus . 11
9.1.1 General requirements for all methods . 11
9.1.2 Deployment requirements for each method . 11
9.2 Measurement of output power . 11
9.2.1 Overview . 11
9.2.2 Bend-reference technique . 12
9.2.3 Multimode-reference technique . 12
10 Calculations . 12
10.1 Bend-reference technique . 12
10.2 Multimode-reference technique . 13
11 Mapping functions . 14
12 Results . 14
13 Specification information . 15
Annex A (normative) Requirements specific to method A – Cable cut-off wavelength,
λ
, using uncabled fibre . 16
cc
A.1 Specimen length . 16
A.2 Procedure – Position specimen on deployment mandrel . 16
Annex B (normative) Requirements specific to method B – Cable cut-off wavelength,
λ , using cabled fibre . 17
cc
B.1 Specimen length . 17
B.2 Procedure – Position specimen on deployment mandrel . 17
Annex C (normative) Requirements specific to method C – Fibre cut-off wavelength,λ . 18
c
C.1 Specimen length . 18
C.2 Procedure – Position specimen on deployment mandrel . 18
Annex D (informative) Cut-off curve artifacts . 20
D.1 Description of curve artifacts . 20
D.2 Curve-fitting technique for artifact filtering . 20
D.2.1 Overview . 20
D.2.2 General . 21
D.2.3 Step 1: define the upper wavelength region . 22
D.2.4 Step 2: characterize the spectral transmittance . 22
D.2.5 Step 3: calculate the deviation of the spectral transmittance from the
linear fit . 22
D.2.6 Step 4: determine the end wavelength of the transition region . 23
D.2.7 Step 5: determine the start wavelength of the transition region . 23
D.2.8 Step 6: characterize the transition region with the theoretical model . 23
D.2.9 Step 7: compute the cut-off wavelength, λ . 24
c
D.3 Fibre deployment method for artifact attenuation . 25
Bibliography . 27
Figure 1 – Cut-off measurement system block diagram . 7
Figure 2 – Deployment configuration for cable cut-off wavelength λ , method A . 9
cc
Figure 3 – Deployment configuration for cable cut-off wavelength λ , method B . 9
cc
Figure 4 – Standard deployment for fibre cut-off wavelength measurement . 10
Figure 5 – Cut-off wavelength using the bend-reference technique . 11
Figure 6 – Cut-off wavelength using the multimode-reference technique . 12
Figure 7 – Cable cut-off vs fibre cut-off for a specific fibre (multimode reference) . 14
Figure A.1 – Alternative cable cut-off deployment . 16
Figure C.1 – Alternative fibre cut-off deployment – Sliding semi-circle . 18
Figure C.2 – Alternative fibre cut-off deployment – Multi-bend . 19
Figure C.3 – Alternative fibre cut-off deployment – Large curve . 19
Figure D.1 – Cut-off curve with linear fit error (multimode reference) . 20
Figure D.2 – Fibre cut-off curve fitting technique (multimode reference) . 21
Figure D.3 – Curve fitting regions . 21
Figure D.4 – Fibre cut-off curve with artifacts (multimode reference) . 25
Figure D.5 – Fibre cut-off curve with artifacts (bend reference) . 25
Figure D.6 – Fibre deployment with large diameter bends for mode filtering . 26
Figure D.7 – Fibre cut-off curve with mode attenuation (multimode reference) . 26
– 4 – IEC 60793-1-44:2023 © IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
OPTICAL FIBRES –
Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures –
Cut-off wavelength
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any
...
IEC 60793-1-44 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-07
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Optical fibres –
Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures – Cut-off wavelength
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a
Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always have
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 300 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and once
and French, with equivalent terms in 19 additional languages.
a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need
further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
IEC 60793-1-44 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-07
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Optical fibres –
Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures – Cut-off wavelength
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.180.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-7323-4
– 2 – IEC 60793-1-44:2023 CMV © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 Background .8
5 Overview of methods .8
6 Reference test method .9
7 Apparatus .9
7.1 Light source .9
7.2 Modulation . 10
7.3 Launch optics . 10
7.4 Support and positioning apparatus . 10
7.5 Deployment mandrel . 10
7.5.1 General . 10
7.5.2 Cable cut-off wavelength deployment, method A . 10
7.5.3 Cable cut-off wavelength deployment, method B . 11
7.5.4 Fibre cut-off wavelength deployment, method C. 12
7.6 Detection optics . 13
7.7 Detector assembly and signal detection electronics . 14
7.8 Cladding mode stripper . 14
8 Sampling and specimens . 14
8.1 Specimen length . 14
8.2 Specimen end face . 14
9 Procedure . 14
9.1 Positioning of specimen in apparatus . 14
9.1.1 General requirements for all methods . 14
9.1.2 Deployment requirements for each method . 14
9.2 Measurement of output power . 14
9.2.1 Overview . 14
9.2.2 Bend-reference technique . 15
9.2.3 Multimode-reference technique . 16
10 Calculations . 16
10.1 Bend-reference technique . 16
10.2 Multimode-reference technique . 16
10.3 Curve-fitting technique for improved precision (optional) . 14
10.3.1 General .
10.3.2 Step 1, define the upper-wavelength region .
10.3.3 Step 2, characterize the attenuation curve .
10.3.4 Step 3, determine the upper wavelength of the transition region .
10.3.5 Step 4, determine the lower wavelength of the transition region .
10.3.6 Step 5, characterize the transition region with the theoretical model .
10.3.7 Step 6, compute the cut-off wavelength, λ .
c
11 Mapping functions . 21
12 Results . 21
13 Specification information . 22
Annex A (normative) Requirements specific to method A – Cable cut-off wavelength,
λ , using uncabled fibre . 23
cc
A.1 Specimen length . 23
A.2 Procedure – Position specimen on deployment mandrel . 23
Annex B (normative) Requirements specific to method B – Cable cut-off wavelength,
λ , using cabled fibre . 24
cc
B.1 Specimen length . 24
B.2 Procedure – Position specimen on deployment mandrel . 24
Annex C (normative) Requirements specific to method C – Fibre cut-off wavelength,
λ . 25
c
C.1 Specimen length . 25
C.2 Procedure – Position specimen on deployment mandrel . 25
Annex D (informative) Cut-off curve artifacts . 27
D.1 Description of curve artifacts . 27
D.2 Curve-fitting technique for artifact filtering . 27
D.2.1 Overview . 27
D.2.2 General . 28
D.2.3 Step 1: define the upper wavelength region . 29
D.2.4 Step 2: characterize the spectral transmittance . 29
D.2.5 Step 3: calculate the deviation of the spectral transmittance from the
linear fit . 29
D.2.6 Step 4: determine the end wavelength of the transition region . 30
D.2.7 Step 5: determine the start wavelength of the transition region . 30
D.2.8 Step 6: characterize the transition region with the theoretical model . 30
D.2.9 Step 7: compute the cut-off wavelength, λ . 31
c
D.3 Fibre deployment method for artifact attenuation . 32
Bibliography . 34
List of comments . 35
Figure 1 – Cut-off measurement system block diagram .9
Figure 2 – Deployment configuration for cable cut-off wavelength λ , method A . 11
cc
Figure 3 – Deployment configuration for cable cut-off wavelength λ , method B . 12
cc
Figure 3 – Default configuration to measure λ
c.
Figure 4 – Deployment configurations for fibre cut-off measurement .
Figure 4 – Standard deployment for fibre cut-off wavelength measurement . 13
Figure 5 – Cut-off wavelength using the bend-reference technique . 15
Figure 6 – Cut-off wavelength using the multimode-reference technique . 15
Figure 7 – Cable cut-off vs fibre cut-off for a specific fibre (multimode reference) . 21
Figure A.1 – Alternative cable cut-off deployment . 23
Figure C.1 – Alternative fibre cut-off deployment – Sliding semi-circle. 25
Figure C.2 – Alternative fibre cut-off deployment – Multi-bend . 26
Figure C.3 – Alternative fibre cut-off deployment – Large curve . 26
Figure D.1 – Cut-off curve with linear fit error (multimode reference) . 27
Figure D.2 – Fibre cut-off curve fitting technique (multimode reference) . 28
Figure D.3 – Curve fitting regions . 28
– 4 – IEC 60793-1-44:2023 CMV © IEC 2023
Figure D.4 – Fibre cut-off curve with artifacts (multimode reference) . 32
Figure D.5 – Fibre cut-off curve with artifacts (bend reference) . 32
Figure D.6 – Fibre deployment with large diameter bends for mode filtering . 33
Figure D.7 – Fibre cut-off curve with mode attenuation (multimode reference) . 33
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
OPTICAL FIBRES –
Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures –
Cut-off wavelength
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
...
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