IEC 62271-104:2009

High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 104: Alternating current switches for rated voltages of 52 kV and above

IEC 62271-104:2009 applies to three-pole alternating current switches for rated voltages 52 kV and above, having making and breaking current ratings, for indoor and outdoor installations, and for rated frequencies up to and including 60 Hz. This standard is also applicable to the operating devices of these switches and to their auxiliary equipment. The main object of this standard is to establish requirements for switches used in transmission and distribution systems. General-purpose switches for this application are designed to comply with the following service applications:
- carrying rated normal current continuously;
- carrying short-circuit currents for a specified time;
- switching of mainly active loads;
- switching of no-load transformers;
- switching of the charging current of unloaded cables, overhead lines or busbars;
- switching of closed-loop circuits;
- making short-circuit currents.
A further object of this standard is to establish requirements for limited-purpose and special- purpose switches used in transmission and distribution systems. Limited-purpose switches shall comply with one or more of the service applications indicated above. Special-purpose switches may comply with one or more of the service applications indicated above and, in addition, shall be suitable for one or more of the following applications:
- switching single capacitor banks;
- switching back-to-back capacitor banks;
- switching shunt reactors including secondary or tertiary reactors switched from the primary side of the transformer;
- applications requiring an increased number of operating cycles;
- switching under earth fault conditions in non-effectively earthed neutral systems.
This standard cancels and replaces IEC 60265-2:1988. The major changes with respect to IEC 60265-2 are as follows:
- alignment with IEC 62271-1 and IEC 62271-100;
- requirements for capacitive current switching aligned with those in IEC 62271-100: classes C1 and C2 are introduced.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62271-1:2007, IEC 62271-100:2008, IEC 62271-102:2001  and IEC 62271-110:2005.

Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 104: Interrupteurs à courant alternatif pour tensions assignées égales ou supérieures à 52 kV

La CEI 62271-104:2009 est applicable aux interrupteurs à courant alternatif triphasé de tension assignée égale ou supérieure à 52 kV, ayant des pouvoirs de coupure et de fermeture assignés, prévus pour les installations à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur, et de fréquence assignée inférieure ou égale à 60 Hz. Cette norme est également applicable aux dispositifs de man uvre de ces interrupteurs et à leurs équipements auxiliaires. L'objet principal de cette norme est d'établir des exigences pour les interrupteurs utilisés dans des réseaux de transport et de distribution d'énergie. Les interrupteurs d'usage général prévus pour cette application sont conçus pour satisfaire aux conditions de service suivantes:
- supporter en permanence leur courant assigné en service continu;
- supporter les courants de court-circuit pendant une durée spécifiée;
- établir et couper les courants de charge principalement active;
- établir et couper les courants de transformateurs à vide;
- établir et couper les courants de charge de câbles, de lignes aériennes ou de barres omnibus à vide;
- établir et couper les courants de boucles fermées;
- établir les courants de court-circuit.
Un autre objet de cette norme est d'établir des exigences pour les interrupteurs d'usage limité et les interrupteurs d'usage spécial utilisés dans des réseaux de transport et de distribution. Les interrupteurs d'usage limité doivent satisfaire à une ou plusieurs des conditions de service précédentes. Les interrupteurs d'usage spécial peuvent satisfaire à une ou plusieurs de ces mêmes conditions de service et doivent, en outre, convenir pour une ou plusieurs des applications suivantes:
- manoeuvre de batteries uniques de condensateurs;
- manoeuvre de batteries de condensateurs à gradins;
- manoeuvre de bobines d'inductance, y compris les bobines alimentées par le secondaire ou le tertiaire d'un transformateur intermédiaire;
- applications nécessitant un nombre accru de manoeuvres;
- manoeuvres en présence de défaut à la terre dans les réseaux à neutre isolé ou compensés par bobine d'extinction.
Cette norme annule et remplace la CEI 60265-2:1988. Les modifications techniques majeures par rapport à la CEI 60265-2 sont les suivantes:
- alignement avec les CEI 62271-1 et CEI 62271-100;
- les exigences pour l'établissement et la coupure de courants capacitifs sont alignées avec celles de la CEI 62271-100: les classes C1 et C2 sont introduites.
Cette publication doit être lue conjointement avec la CEI 62271-1:2007, la CEI 62271-100:2008, la CEI 62271-102:2001  et la CEI 62271-100:2005.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Apr-2009
• ICS: 29.130.10 - High voltage switchgear and controlgear
• ICS: 29.130.99 - Other switchgear and controlgear
• Technical Committee: SC 17A - Switching devices
• Drafting Committee: MT 37 - TC 17/SC 17A/MT 37
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 05-Feb-2015

Relations

• Revised: IEC 62271-104:2015 - High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 104: Alternating current switches for rated voltages higher than 52 kV
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62271-104
®
Edition 1.0 2009-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 104: Alternating current switches for rated voltages of 52 kV and above

Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 104: Interrupteurs à courant alternatif pour tensions assignées égales ou
supérieures à 52 kV

IEC 62271-104:2009

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2009 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62271-104
®
Edition 1.0 2009-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 104: Alternating current switches for rated voltages of 52 kV and above

Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 104: Interrupteurs à courant alternatif pour tensions assignées égales ou
supérieures à 52 kV

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
X
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.130.10; 29.130.99 ISBN 978-2-88910-654-7
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – 62271-104 © IEC:2009
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
1 General .7
1.1 Scope .7
1.2 Normative references .8
2 Normal and special service conditions .8
3 Terms and definitions .8
3.1 General terms.8
3.2 Assemblies .8
3.3 Parts of assemblies .8
3.4 Switching devices .9
3.5 Parts of switches .10
3.6 Operation .10
3.7 Characteristic quantities .10
4 Ratings.12
4.1 Rated voltage (U ) .12
r
4.2 Rated insulation level .12
4.3 Rated frequency (f ).12
r
4.4 Rated normal current and temperature rise (I ) .12
r
4.5 Rated short-time withstand current (I ) .12
k
4.6 Rated peak withstand current (I ) .12
p
4.7 Rated duration of short-circuit (t ).12
k
4.8 Rated supply voltage of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary and
control circuits (U ).12
a
4.9 Rated supply frequency of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary
circuits.12
4.10 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems .12
4.11 Rated filling levels for insulation and/or operation.12
4.101 Rated earth fault breaking current.13
4.102 Rated short-circuit making current .13
4.103 Rated mainly active load-breaking current .13
4.104 Rated closed-loop breaking current .13
4.105 Rated capacitive switching currents .13
4.106 Inductive load switching.14
4.107 Rated mechanical terminal load .14
4.108 Coordination of rated values for a general-purpose switch .14
4.109 Coordination of rated values for limited-purpose and special-purpose
switches .15
5 Design and construction .15
5.1 Requirements for liquids in high-voltage switches .15
5.2 Requirements for gases in high-voltage switches.15
5.3 Earthing of high-voltage switches .15
5.4 Auxiliary equipment .16
5.5 Dependent power operation.16
5.6 Stored energy operation .16
5.7 Independent manual or power operation (independent unlatched operation) .16
5.8 Operation of releases .16

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62271-104 © IEC:2009 – 3 –
5.9 Low- and high-pressure interlocking and monitoring devices.16
5.10 Nameplates .16
5.11 Interlocking devices .17
5.12 Position indication .18
5.13 Degree of protection by enclosures.18
5.14 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators.18
5.15 Gas and vacuum tightness.18
5.16 Liquid tightness .18
5.17 Fire hazard (flammability) .18
5.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) .18
5.19 X-ray emission.18
5.20 Corrosion.18
5.101 Closing mechanism .18
5.102 Mechanical strength.18
5.103 Position of the movable contact system and its indicating or signalling
device.18
6 Type tests .19
6.1 General .19
6.2 Dielectric tests.20
6.3 Radio interference voltage (r.i.v.) tests .21
6.4 Measurement of the resistance of circuits .21
6.5 Temperature rise tests.21
6.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests.21
6.7 Verification of the protection .21
6.8 Tightness tests .21
6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) .21
6.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits.21
6.11 X-Radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters .21
6.101 Mechanical operation tests .22
6.102 Miscellaneous provision for making and breaking tests .24
6.103 Test circuits for making and breaking tests .26
6.104 Test quantities.36
6.105 Capacitive current switching tests.39
6.106 Inductive load switching (test duty 5) .42
6.107 Tests for general-purpose switches .43
6.108 Tests for limited-purpose switches.44
6.109 Tests for special-purpose switches .44
6.110 Type test reports .44
7 Routine tests .45
7.1 Dielectric tests on main circuit .45
7.2 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits .45
7.3 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit .45
7.4 Tightness test .45
7.5 Design and visual checks .45
7.101 Mechanical operating tests .45
8 Guide to the selection of high-voltage switches .46
8.1 Selection of rated values .46

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– 4 – 62271-104 © IEC:2009
8.2 Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions .46
8.101 General .46
8.102 Conditions affecting application .46
8.103 Insulation coordination.46
9 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders .47
9.1 Information with enquiries and orders .47
9.2 Information with tenders .47
10 Transport, storage, installation, operation and maintenance .47
11 Safety.47
12 Influence of the high voltage switch on the environment .47
Bibliography.48

Figure 1 – Single-phase test circuit for mainly active load current switching for test
duties 1 and 3.27
Figure 2 – Single-phase test circuit for transmission line closed loop and parallel-
transformer current switching test, for test duties 2a and 2b .27
Figure 3 – Three-phase test circuit for mainly active load current switching, for test
duties 1 and 3.28
Figure 4 – Supply and load side transient for mainly active load current switching tests
(see Table 4) .29
Figure 5 – Three-phase test circuit for transmission line closed loop and parallel-
transformer current switching test for test duties 2a and 2b .30
Figure 6 – Illustration of the transient associated with transmission line closed loop
current breaking tests (see Table 5).32
Figure 7 – Three-phase test circuit for short circuit making current test for test duty 6 .35
Figure 8 – Single-phase test circuit for short circuit making current test for test duty 6.35

Table 1 – Preferred values of line- and cable-charging breaking currents for a general-
purpose switch.15
Table 2 – Nameplate information .17
Table 3 – Type tests .20
Table 4 – Supply circuit TRV parameters for mainly active load current breaking tests .29
Table 5 – TRV parameters for transmission line closed loop current breaking tests .31
Table 6 – Test duties for single-phase tests on three-pole switches having a non-
simultaneity between poles of 0,25 cycle or less .32
Table 7 – Test duties for single-phase tests on three-pole switches having more than
0,25 cycle non-simultaneity and switches operated pole after pole.33
Table 8 – TRV parameters for parallel transformer current breaking tests .34
Table 9 – Test duties for three-phase tests on three-pole switches .36

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62271-104 © IEC:2009 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –

Part 104: Alternating current switches
for rated voltages of 52 kV and above


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62271-104 has been prepared by subcommittee 17A: High-voltage
switchgear and controlgear, of IEC technical committee 17: Switchgear and controlgear.
This standard cancels and replaces IEC 60265-2 (1988).
The main changes with respect to IEC 60265-2 are as follows:
– alignment with IEC 62271-1 and IEC 62271-100;
– requirements for capacitive current switching aligned with those in IEC 62271-100: classes
C1 and C2 are introduced.

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– 6 – 62271-104 © IEC:2009
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
17A/857/FDIS 17A/865/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
This standard is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62271-1 (2007), IEC 62271-100,
IEC 62271-102 (2001) and IEC 62271-110 (2005). In order to simplify the indication of
corresponding requirements, the same numbering of clauses and subclauses is used as in
IEC 62271-1. Modifications to these clauses and subclauses are given under the same
numbering, whilst additional subclauses are numbered from 101.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 62271, under the general title High-voltage switchgear and
controlgear, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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62271-104 © IEC:2009 – 7 –
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –

Part 104: Alternating current switches
for rated voltages of 52 kV and above



1 General
1.1 Scope
This part of IEC 62271 is applicable to three-pole alternating current switches for rated
voltages 52 kV and above, having making and breaking current ratings, for indoor and outdoor
installations, and for rated frequencies up to and including 60 Hz.
This standard is also applicable to the operating devices of these switches and to their
auxiliary equipment.
NOTE 1 Switches for gas insulated switchgear are covered by this standard.
NOTE 2 Switches having a disconnecting function and called switch-disconnectors are also covered by
IEC 62271-102.
NOTE 3 Earthing switches are not covered by this standard. Earthing switches forming an integral part of a switch
are covered by IEC 62271-102.
The main object of this standard is to establish requirements for switches used in
transmission and distribution systems. General-purpose switches for this application are
designed to comply with the following service applications:
– carrying rated normal current continuously;
– carrying short-circuit currents for a specified time;
– switching of mainly active loads;
– switching of no-load transformers;
– switching of the charging current of unloaded cables, overhead lines or busbars;
– switching of closed-loop circuits;
– making short-circuit currents.
A further object of this standard is to establish requirements for limited-purpose and special-
purpose switches used in transmission and distribution systems.
Limited-purpose switches shall comply with one or more of the service applications indicated
above.
Special-purpose switches may comply with one or more of the service applications indicated
above and, in addition, shall be suitable for one or more of the following applications:
– switching single capacitor banks;
– switching back-to-back capacitor banks;
– switching shunt reactors including secondary or tertiary reactors switched from the primary
side of the transformer;
– applications requiring an increased number of operating cycles;
– switching under earth fault conditions in non-effectively earthed neutral systems.

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– 8 – 62271-104 © IEC:2009
1.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-441:1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 441: Switchgear,
controlgear and fuses
IEC 60059, IEC standard current ratings
IEC 60071 (all parts), Insulation co-ordination
IEC 60071-1: Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
IEC 60270, High-voltage test techniques – Partial discharge measurements
IEC 62271-1:2007, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications
IEC 62271-100: High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 100: Alternating-current
circuit-breakers
IEC 62271-101: High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 101: Synthetic testing
IEC 62271-102:2001, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 102: Alternating current
disconnectors and earthing switches
IEC 62271-110:2005, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 110: Inductive load
switching
2 Normal and special service conditions
Clause 2 of IEC 62271-1 is applicable.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, definitions of general terms are based on IEC 60050-441
and IEC 60071-1.
Additional terms and definitions are based solely on IEC 60050-441.
3.1 General terms
No particular definitions.
3.2 Assemblies
No particular definitions.
3.3 Parts of assemblies
No particular definitions.

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62271-104 © IEC:2009 – 9 –
3.4 Switching devices
3.4.101
switch
switching device capable of making, carrying and b
...