ISO 13411:1997
(Main)Aerospace — Airframe needle roller, cylindrical roller and track roller bearings — Technical specification
Aerospace — Airframe needle roller, cylindrical roller and track roller bearings — Technical specification
Aéronautique et espace — Roulements à aiguilles, roulements à rouleaux cylindriques et galets de came pour cellule d'aéronef — Spécifications techniques
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13411
First edition
1997-12-15
Aerospace — Airframe needle roller,
cylindrical roller and track roller bearings —
Technical specification
Aéronautique et espace — Roulements à aiguilles, roulements à rouleaux
cylindriques et galets de came pour cellule d'aéronef — Spécifications
techniques
A
Reference number
ISO 13411:1997(E)
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ISO 13411:1997(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 13411 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, ,
Aircraft and space vehicles
Subcommittee SC 15, .
Airframe bearings
Annexes A to I form an integral part of this International Standard. Annex J is for information only.
© ISO 1997
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
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Printed in Switzerland
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ISO ISO 13411:1997(E)
Introduction
In l986, ISO/TC 4 Rolling bearings approved a new work item to revise the International Standard on airframe
bearings, ISO 1002:1983, Rolling bearings — Airframe bearings — Characteristics, boundary dimensions,
tolerances, static load ratings. The work item was assigned to ISO/TC 4, Rolling bearings and TC 20, Aircraft and
space vehicles, Joint working group on airframe bearings.
Later that same year, ISO/TC 4/TC 20 JWG on airframe bearings agreed that a technical specification for the
procurement of airframe bearings should be prepared as part of the revision process.
As a result, ISO 13411:1997, Aerospace — Airframe needle roller, needle track roller and cylindrical roller
bearings — Technical specification has been developed for the procurement of airframe bearings and is
supplemented with International Standards for each bearing type.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 13411:1997(E)
Aerospace — Airframe needle roller, cylindrical roller and track
roller bearings — Technical specification
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the required characteristics, inspections and tests, quality assurance and
conditions for qualification, static radial loads, acceptance and delivery conditions for needle roller, needle track
roller and cylindrical roller bearings used as airframe rolling bearings designed to withstand, under load, slow
rotations and small oscillations only.
This International Standard is applicable to all airframe needle roller, needle track roller and cylindrical roller
bearings referred to in the referenced International Standards or in a design specification.
The fact that a bearing is not included in this International Standard does not preclude it from being used to
advantage in airframe applications.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1132:1980, Rolling bearings — Tolerances — Definitions.
1)
ISO 2859-1:— , Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by acceptable
quality level (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection.
ISO 4288:1996, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture.
ISO 5593:1997, Rolling bearings — Vocabulary.
ISO 6507-1:1997, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method.
ISO 6508:1986, .
Metallic materials — Hardness test — Rockwell test (scales A- B- C- D- E- F- G- H- K-)
ISO 9001:1994,
Quality systems — Model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation and
servicing.
ISO 9002:1994, Quality systems — Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing.
ISO 9003:1994, Quality systems — Model for quality assurance in final inspection and test.
1)
To be published. (Revision of ISO 2859-1:1989)
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ISO 13411:1997(E) ISO
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 5593 apply. Definitions of the concepts
to which the tolerances specified in this International Standard apply are given in ISO 1132. Additional definitions
which are particular to airframe needle roller bearings are given in 3.1 to 3.9.
3.1 yoke type track roller bearings
full complement bearings with outer ring rolling on a track or cam track
3.2 yoke type roller bearings
full complement bearings with outer ring supported in a housing
3.3 stud type track roller bearings
full complement bearings with rolling elements running on a flanged and externally threaded stud, and with outer
ring rolling on a track or cam track
3.4 sealed bearings
bearings in which the rolling elements and raceways are enclosed by contact seals (i.e. seals fitted to one ring and
extending to the other ring with which they make sliding contact)
3.5 shielded bearings
bearings in which the rolling elements and raceways are enclosed by shields fitted to one ring and extending to the
other ring with which they have a small clearance
3.6 surface discontinuities
imperfections which include (but are not limited to) the following:
3.6.1 crack
break in the material which may extend in any direction and which may be intercrystalline or transcrystalline in
character
3.6.2 tool mark
open surface defect resulting from a tearing of the metal
3.6.3 lap
surface defect where particles of metal or sharp edges are folded over and then rolled or forged into the surface
3.6.4 seam
unwelded fold which appears as an open defect in the material
3.7 starting friction torque for track roller bearings
maximum torque required to start the rotation of the outer ring with the inner ring or stud held stationary
3.8 starting friction torque for housed roller bearings
maximum torque required to start the rotation of the inner ring with the outer ring held stationary
NOTE — Due regard should be given the fact that bearings without retainers or separators are not likely to have absolute
freedom of rotation because of adjacent rolling elements rubbing each other.
3.9 Permissible static loads
3.9.1 permissible static radial load
maximum static radial load which can be applied to the bearing without impairing its subsequent operation
3.9.2 ultimate static radial load
maximum static radial load which can be applied to the bearing without causing cracks or ruptures in any of the
component parts
NOTE — The ultimate static radial load is a load equal to 1,5 times the permissible static radial load.
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ISO ISO 13411:1997(E)
4 Symbols
See the appropriate referenced International Standard.
5 Characteristics, requirements, inspection and test methods
1) 1)
Subclause Characteristics Requirements Inspection and test methods Q A
5.1 Materials Shall conform to product Chemical analysis or certificate of XX
standards or design conformity issued by the
documentation. manufacturer.
5.2 Dimensions and tolerances
5.2.1 At ambient temperature Shall conform to product Suitable measuring instruments. X X
(20 °C – 1 °C) standards or design
documentation.
5.2.2 Dimensional stability Permissible increase 0,1 mm max. See annex B. X
per 1 mm of diameter.
5.3 Mass Shall conform to product Suitable methods. X
standards or design
documentation.
5.4 Identification marking Shall conform to product Visual examination. X X
standards or design
documentation.
It shall be legible and shall not
adversely affect the material or
the functioning of the bearing.
2)
5.5 Surface appearance The bearings shall be free of
surface discontinuities liable to
have an adverse effect on
characteristics and endurance.
5.5.1 Unassembled rings and rolling Magnetic, dye penetrant or eddy XX
elements current inspection.
5.5.2 Assembled bearings Visual inspection using suitable XX
methods.
2)
5.6 Hardness Shall conform to product Test in accordance with ISO 6508 XX
3)
standards or design or ISO 6507-1 . Inner ring, outer
documentation. ring and 3 rollers shall be tested.
The test shall be on the ground and
polished flat cross-sectional area of
the rings adjacent to the raceways.
Test shall be taken on a ground
and polished flat surface on the
rolling elements.
2)
5.7 Surface roughness Shall conform to product Test in accordance with ISO 4288. X X
standards or design
documentation.
5.8 Surface treatment Shall conform to product Visual inspection (plating). X X
standards or design
documentation.
5.9 Lubrication At least 80 % of the free space in Visual inspection after removal of X
the bearing shall charged with the seals or shields.
grease specified in the product
Visual inspection during X
standard or design documentation
manufacture.
(see annex I).
1) Q = Qualification tests A = Acceptance tests
2) This inspection is made in the absence of surface treatment which, for purposes of qualification, may be removed by a chemical process.
3) Conversion from Vickers hardness to Rockwell hardness readings shall be subject to agreement between customer and supplier.
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ISO 13411:1997(E) ISO
1) 1)
Subclause Characteristics Requirements Inspection and test methods Q A
5.10 Seals or shields
5.10.1 Retention The seals or shields shall be fitted Visual inspection. X X
correctly in such a way that the
functioning of the bearing is not
adversely affected.
5.10.2 Sealing The seals shall:
— retain the grease; Visual inspection after the rings are XX
manually turned in relation to each
other.
— minimize the penetration of See annex A. X
foreign material.
After the test, the starting torque Suitable method. X
at zero load shall not increase by
more than 100 % or 14,1 mN�m
over the pre-test value, whichever
is greater.
After the test, the radial internal See annex D, figures D.1 and D.2. X
clearance shall not increase by
more than 50 % or 5 mm,
whichever is greater.
After the test, the running Hand rotation. X
behaviour of the bearings shall
conform with 5.14.1.
5.11 Running accuracies: Shall conform to product See annex C. X X
standards or design
Radial - K , K
ia ea
documentation.
5.12 Internal clearances
5.12.1 Radial internal clearance (G ) Shall conform to product See annex D. X X
r
standards or design
documentation.
5.12.2 Axial internal clearance (G ) Shall conform to product See annexe E. X X
a
standards or design
documentation.
5.13 End washer retention The end washer must not become See annex F. X X
dislodged or the bearing
smoothness lessened perceptibly.
5.14 Behaviour in rotation
5.14.1 At ambient temperature The bearing shall be capable of Hand rotation. X X
(20 °C – 1 °C) being rotated with no tight spots.
5.14.2 At limit temperatures The starting friction torque shall Suitable method. X
not increase by more than 100 %
of the ambient temperature value
at the high temperature limit and
shall not increase by more than
ten times the ambient
temperature value at the low limit
temperature.
Temperature extremes shall
conform to product standards or
design documentation.
5.14.3 Axial clearance under While under compression the See annex G. X X
compression load bearing shall have rotational
freedom.
5.15 Static loads
5.15.1 Permissible static radial load (C ) After test there shall be no See annex H. X
s
permanent deformations
adversely affecting rotational
function.
The starting friction torque shall
not increase by more than 100 %.
5.15.2 Ultimate static radial load After test the bearing must rotate See annex H. X
by hand.
After test there shall be no cracks
or ruptures.
1) Q = Qualification tests A = Acceptance tests
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ISO ISO 13411:1997(E)
6 Quality assurance
6.1 Approval of manufacturer
The manufacturer shall have a quality management programme acceptable to the customer which meets the
requirements of the appropriate ISO 9000 series quality management standard.
6.2 Product qualification
6.2.1 The manufacturer shall obtain qualification in accordance with tables 1 and 2.
Qualification shall be obtained for each bearing type and size.
However, qualification
— for a plated bearing applies to a non-plated bearing with the same dimensions and of the same type, made of the
same material,
— is acquired for a bearing in the series, based on similarity, if it has been obtained for the size of bearing
immediately before and the size of bearing immediately after the bearing in question, based on the range of
bearings available in the product standard.
7 Acceptance conditions
7.1 Manufacturer's responsibility
7.1.1 The manufacturer shall have a quality management system acceptable to the customer which meets the
requirements of the appropriate ISO 9000 series quality management standard.
7.1.2 The acceptance of a delivery batch shall be in accordance with table 3.
7.2 Customer quality control
7.2.1 The customer may, on acceptance of a delivery batch, proceed to inspect it by using the tests and
inspections specified in table 2, in full or in part, to ensure that the items conform to the required quality level and to
determine whether the consignment is acceptable.
7.2.2 This inspection may be carried out in the customer's factory or, by agreement, in the manufacturer's factory.
8 Packaging
8.1 The bearing shall be packaged individually so that it will not be damaged during transportation.
8.2 The packaging material in contact with the bearing shall be grease-proof and shall protect against moisture,
corrosion, dirt and other harmful substances.
8.3 The following information at least shall be affixed to each individual bearing package:
— manufacturer's name;
— quantity (in the case of rolls of bearings);
— identity block as defined by product standards or design documentation;
— lubrication date.
8.4 The following information at least shall appear on collective packaging intended for transport:
— manufacturer's name and address;
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ISO 13411:1997(E) ISO
— number of contract or order;
— quantity;
— identity block as defined by product standards or design documentation.
9 Certificate of conformity
All bearings supplied in accordance with this International Standard shall be accompanied by a certificate of
conformity issued by the manufacturer.
Table 1 — Non-destructive inspections and tests to be carried out for qualification
Serial number of inspected samples
1)
Types of inspections and tests Defined in
subclause
12345
Materials 5.1 XXXXX
Dimensions and tolerances 5.2.1 XXXXX
Mass 5.3 XXXXX
Identification marking 5.4 XXXXX
Surface appearance of assembled bearings 5.5.2 XXXXX
Surface treatment (plating) 5.8 XXXXX
Retention of seals and shields 5.10.1 XXXXX
Radial runout 5.11 XXXXX
Radial internal clearance 5.12.1 XXXXX
Axial internal clearance 5.12.2 XXXXX
Rotational behaviour at ambient temperature 5.14.1 XXXXX
Rotational behaviour at limit
...
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