ISO 12944-8:1998
(Main)Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems — Part 8: Development of specifications for new work and maintenance
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems — Part 8: Development of specifications for new work and maintenance
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de peinture — Partie 8: Développement de spécifications pour les travaux neufs et l'entretien
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12944-8
First edition
1998-05-15
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion
protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems —
Part 8:
Development of specifications for new work
and maintenance
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes
de peinture —
Partie 8: Développement de spécifications pour les travaux neufs et
l'entretien
A
Reference number
ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Definitions. 4
4 How to develop a specification for new work or
5
maintenance.
5 Contents of a specification. 6
Annex A (informative) Basic information for inclusion in a
protective paint system specification for new work and
16
maintenance .
18
Annex B (informative) Reference areas.
Annex C (informative) Flow chart for planning new work . 21
22
Annex D (informative) Flow chart for planning maintenance work
Annex E (informative) Classification of environments —
23
Checklist .
Annex F (informative) Example of a simple project
24
specification .
Annex G (informative) Recommended form for a protective paint
29
system specification — New work.
Annex H (informative) Recommended form for a protective paint
30
system specification — Maintenance.
Annex I (informative) Recommended form for a report on paint
31
work progress and application conditions.
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet: iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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©
ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Annex J (informative) Recommended form for final report on
32
corrosion protection work.
Annex K (informative) Recommended form for a detailed
inspection report on the condition of an existing protective
paint system, including the assessment of the need for
35
maintenance.
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©
ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a
worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member
bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees
are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the
member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 12944-8 was prepared by Technical
Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 14,
Protective paint systems for steel structures.
ISO 12944 consists of the following parts, under the general title
Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by
protective paint systems:
Part 1: General introduction
Part 2: Classification of environments
Part 3: Design considerations
Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation
Part 5: Protective paint systems
Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods
Part 7: Execution and supervision of paint work
Part 8: Development of specifications for new work and
maintenance
Annexes A to K are for information only.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Introduction
Unprotected steel in the atmosphere, in water and in soil is
subjected to corrosion that may lead to damage. Therefore, to
avoid corrosion damage, steel structures are normally protected to
withstand the corrosion stresses during the service life required of
the structure.
There are different ways of protecting steel structures from
corrosion. ISO 12944 deals with protection by paint systems and
covers, in the various parts, all features that are important in
achieving adequate corrosion protection. Additional or other
measures are possible but require particular agreement between
the interested parties.
In order to ensure effective corrosion protection of steel structures,
it is necessary for owners of such structures, planners, consultants,
companies carrying out corrosion protection work, inspectors of
protective coatings and manufacturers of coating materials to have
at their disposal state-of-the-art information in consise form on
corrosion protection by paint systems. Such information has to be
as complete as possible, unambigous and easily understandable to
avoid difficulties and misunderstandings between the parties
concerned with the practical implementation of protection work.
This International Standard – ISO 12944 – is intended to give this
information in the form of a series of instructions. It is written for
those who have some technical knowledge. It is also assumed that
the user of ISO 12944 is familiar with other relevant International
Standards, in particular those dealing with surface preparation, as
well as relevant national regulations.
Although ISO 12944 does not deal with financial and contractual
questions, attention is drawn to the fact that, because of the
considerable implications of inadequate corrosion protection, non-
compliance with requirements and recommendations given in this
standard may result in serious financial consequences.
ISO 12944-1 defines the overall scope of all parts of ISO 12944. It
gives some basic terms and definitions and a general introduction
to the other parts of ISO 12944. Furthermore, it includes a general
statement on health, safety and environmental protection, and
guidelines for using ISO 12944 for a given project.
This part of ISO 12944 is intended as an aid when a corrosion
protection specification is to be drawn up.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Paints and varnishes – Corrosion protection of steel structures by
protective paint systems –
Part 8:
Development of specifications for new work and maintenance
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12944 deals with the development of specifications for corrosion protection of
steel structures, using protective paint systems. It relates to new work and maintenance in the
workshop or on site and is also applicable to the corrosion protection of individual components.
This part of ISO 12944 concerns the corrosion protection of steel structures exposed to different
corrosion stresses by environments such as indoors, open-air and immersion in water or burial in
soil, as well as special stresses, for example due to medium or high temperatures. The need for
different durability ranges is considered.
Steel surfaces that have been hot-dip-galvanized, metal-sprayed, zinc-electroplated or
sherardized, and previously painted steel surfaces, are also covered by this part of ISO 12944.
In annex B, reference areas for assessing the quality of the corrosion protection work and the
performance of the protective paint systems used are dealt with. Annexes C and D provide
detailed flow charts for planning new work and maintenance, which should be taken into account
when writing a specification.
If extreme corrosion stresses or high temperatures occur, or the protective paint systems are to
be used on other substrates such as non-ferrous metals or concrete, the specifications will have
to take this into account. This part of ISO 12944 may also be used as a guide in such cases.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this part of ISO 12944. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid.
All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12944
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid
International Standards.
ISO 2409:1992, Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test.
ISO 2808:1997, Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness.
ISO 4623:1984, Paints and varnishes - Filiform corrosion test on steel.
ISO 4624:1978, Paints and varnishes - Pull-off test for adhesion.
1
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
ISO 4628-2:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 2: Designation of degree of
blistering.
ISO 4628-3:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 3: Designation of degree of
rusting.
ISO 4628-4:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings -Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 4: Designation of degree of
cracking.
ISO 4628-5:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 5: Designation of degree of
flaking.
ISO 4628-6:1990, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by
tape method.
ISO 8501-1:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades
of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings.
ISO 8501-2:1994, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 2: Preparation grades of previously
coated steel substrates after localized removal of previous coatings.
ISO 8503-1:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 1:
Specifications and definitions for ISO surface profile comparators for the assessment of abrasive
blast-cleaned surfaces.
ISO 8503-2:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 2: Method for
the grading of surface profile of abrasive blast-cleaned steel - Comparator procedure.
ISO 8503-3:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 3: Method for
the calibration of ISO surface profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile -
Focusing microscope procedure.
ISO 8503-4:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 4: Method for
the calibration of ISO surface profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile -
Stylus instrument procedure.
ISO 11124-1:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 1: General introduction and
classification.
ISO 11124-2:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 2: Chilled-iron grit.
2
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
ISO 11124-3:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 3: High-carbon cast-steel shot
and grit.
ISO 11124-4:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 4: Low-carbon cast-steel shot.
ISO 11126-1:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 1: General introduction
and classification.
ISO 11126-3:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 3: Copper refinery slag.
ISO 11126-4:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 4: Coal furnace slag.
ISO 11126-5:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 5: Nickel refinery slag.
ISO 11126-6:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 6: Iron furnace slag.
ISO 11126-7:1995, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 7: Fused aluminium
oxide.
ISO 11126-8:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 8: Olivine sand.
ISO 12944-1:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 1: General introduction.
ISO 12944-2:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 2: Classification of environments.
ISO 12944-3:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 3: Design considerations.
ISO 12944-4:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation.
ISO 12944-5:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems.
ISO 12944-6:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods.
ISO 12944-7:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 7: Execution and supervision of paint work.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12944, the following definitions apply in addition to those
given in ISO 12944-1.
3.1 constituent element: A part of a structure (3.10) that is exposed to a particular environment
and which will therefore require a specific protective paint system specification.
NOTE For example, a storage tank will have more than one constituent element, as it comprises internal
and external surfaces, and possibly also support steelwork.
3.2 dry film thickness (DFT): The thickness of a coating remaining on the surface when the
coating has hardened.
NOTE For details, see ISO 12944-5:1998, subclause 5.4.
3.3 durability: The expected life of a protective paint system to the first major maintenance
painting.
NOTE For further important information on durability and durability ranges, see ISO 12944-1.
3.4 inspector: Anyone responsible for ensuring conformity with one or more of the individual
specifications (3.8.1 to 3.8.4).
3.5 maintenance: The sum of all measures, as covered by ISO 12944, which ensure that the
function of the protection of the steel structure against corrosion is maintained.
NOTE Maintenance includes but is not limited to paint work. Such paint work can be patch painting (repair
of degradated spots/areas of the coating system), patch painting followed by overpainting of the structure,
or total repainting.
3.6 nominal dry film thickness (NDFT): The dry film thickness specified for each coat or for the
whole paint system to achieve the required durability.
NOTE For details see ISO 12944-5:1998, subclause 5.4.
3.7 project: The whole of the work for which the specification (3.8) is being developed. The
project may include one or more structures.
3.8 specification: A technical document describing all the requirements that are to be observed
when a steel structure is to be protected against corrosion by using protective paint systems.
Such a document consists of several individual specifications - project specification, protective
paint system specification, paint work specification, inspection and assessment specification - as
defined in 3.8.1 to 3.8.4.
3.8.1 project specification: The specification that describes the project and the requirements
relating specifically to it.
NOTE The specifier of a project specification may, for example, be the owner of the structure to be
protected or the prime contractor.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
3.8.2 protective paint system specification: The specification that describes the preparation of
the surface of the structure and the protective paint system(s) for the structure, in conformity
with the project specification (3.8.1).
NOTE The specifier of a protective paint system specification may, for example, be a paint manufacturer.
3.8.3 paint work specification: The specification that describes the way the paint work is to be
carried out, in conformity with the project specification (3.8.1) and the protective paint system
specification (3.8.2), as well as with the inspection and assessment specification (3.8.4).
NOTE The specifier of a paint work specification may, for example, be a paint application company.
3.8.4 inspection and assessment specification: The specification that describes how inspection
and assessment are to be carried out.
3.9 specifier: Anyone responsible for the development of a specification.
3.10 structure: A steel construction (for example a bridge, a factory building, a storage tank or
an offshore construction) consisting of more than one constituent element (3.1). There may be
one or more structures in any given project (3.7).
4 How to develop a specification for new work or maintenance
It is recommended that the specifier considers the information given in clause 5, and establishes
which specification(s) apply/applies to the project or constituent element to be protected. Then,
the specifier should check in the respective table, item by item, which of the items listed are to be
taken into account in the specification. The various items are supported by detailed information
given in the "Remarks" column in tables 1 to 4, and in the annexes.
When writing a specification for new work or maintenance, it is important to chose the most
suitable protective paint system. To achieve this all relevant parameters shall be taken into
consideration, for example:
- required durability;
- environmental conditions and special stresses;
- surface preparation;
- different generic types of paint;
- number and types of coats [priming coat(s), intermediate coat(s) and top coat(s)];
- methods of application and application requirements;
- place of application (shop or site);
- scaffolding requirements;
- requirements regarding (future) maintenance (if any);
- health and safety requirements;
- environmental protection requirements.
These parameters are described in detail in ISO 12944-1 to ISO 12944-7. In this part of ISO 12944,
only such information is given which is considered to be particularly important to the specifier.
In the drafting of a specification for maintenance work on a structure or constituent element, a
decision has to be taken between
- complete renewal and
- partial removal of the protective paint system involved.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
When complete renewal has been decided, the specification should preferably be developed in
accordance with a specification for new work, e.g. using the form given in annex G.
At an early stage in the drafting of a project specification, a final decision will have to be taken by
the specifier on essential planning parameters, such as protection of slip-resistant connections
using high-tensile bolts, the inside surfaces of hollow sections and other hidden steel surfaces
(see ISO 12944-3 for details of design).
Exclusions, i.e. items not to be painted, shall be indicated in the specification(s).
The choice of protective paint systems shall be based on practical experience and/or the results
of laboratory performance tests, particularly when new coating technology is involved. The
protective paint systems shall be tested for compatibility with existing coatings on previously
coated surfaces.
The specifier shall further take into account regulations and/or requirements relating to
environmental protection, health and safety, and working conditions in the shop or on site.
Because national requirements concerning health and safety at work, pollution control etc. vary
significantly, it may not be possible to include detailed information covering such requirements
in a specification. However, the specification shall draw attention to the need to comply with
current local, regional, national and international legislation and regulations.
5 Contents of a specification
The items which are preferably to be covered by a specification are listed in tables 1 to 4, under
the following headings:
- Contents of a project specification (table 1);
- Contents of a protective paint system specification (table 2);
- Contents of a paint work specification (table 3);
- Contents of an inspection and assessment specification (table 4).
NOTE For small structures, or those whose protection is not subject to any particular requirements, only
certain items need to be taken into account.
An example of a specification based on table 1 is given as annex F.
NOTE Each table contains sufficient information to enable the specifier to write a specification for any one
of the subjects listed above without having to make frequent references to the other tables. This has led to
some expressions being repeated in each of the tables, for example under 1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 4.1 the items
"name of project", "name of owner" and "name of specifier" are repeated. In practice, such information
should only be given once in the complete specification.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Table 1 – Contents of a project specification
No. MAIN ITEM/Sub-item *) Remarks
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1.1 Name of project
1.1.2 Name of owner
1.1.3 Location(s) of structure(s)
1.1.4 Name of specifier State organization and person.
1.1.5 Environmental conditions at See annex E and ISO 12944-2.
location(s) of structure(s)
1.1.6 References to standards and
regulations
1.2 TYPE OF PROJECT For definitions of project, structure and constituent
element, see clause 3.
1.2.1 New construction without
protection
1.2.2 New construction blast-cleaned
and coated
1.2.3 Touch-up and final paint work
1.2.4 Maintenance See annexes H, I, J and K.
1.2.5 New construction and
maintenance combined
1.2.6 Items not to be coated
Each project should preferably be divided on the basis
1.3 TYPES OF STRUCTURE AND
of corrosion stresses and be described taking into
CONSTITUENT ELEMENT
account special design requirements.
1.3.1 Design See ISO 12944-3.
1.3.2 Assembly method(s) For example bolting, welding.
1.3.3 Connection(s) See ISO 12944-3 and ISO 12944-5.
1.3.4 Galvanic couples (cells) See ISO 12944-3.
1.3.5 Accessibility, e.g. manholes See ISO 12944-3.
1.3.6 Box members and hollow See ISO 12944-3.
components
———————
*) These items are recommended. If, however, a particular sub-item is included in the specification any instructions in
the remarks column shall be followed.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
No. MAIN ITEM/Sub-item *) Remarks
1.4 DESCRIPTION OF EACH Each structure should preferably be divided into
CONSTITUENT ELEMENT constituent elements on the basis of the protective
paint system(s) to be used and the corrosion stresses
associated with each constituent element.
1.4.1 Substrate(s) See ISO 12944-4. Includes substrates with metallic
coatings, e. g. zinc.
1.4.2 Existing paint system and its See annex K and ISO 12944-5.
condition
2
1.4.3 Areas (m )
1.5 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT Descriptions are given in ISO 12944-2. See also annex
OF EACH CONSTITUENT E.
ELEMENT
1.5.1 Atmospheric environmental See annex E, E.1.1.
conditions
1.5.2 Special situations See annex E, E. 4.1.
1.5.3 Special stresses See annex E, E.4.2 (including the effects of exposure
to strong UV radiation).
1.6 DURABILITY
1.6.1 Durability range See ISO 12944-1.
1.7 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS - Details of types of surface, surface preparation grades,
PARTICULAR CONSTRAINTS surface profiles and surface preparation methods can
WITH RESPECT TO SURFACES be found in ISO 12944-4. In the specification, the
required surface preparation grade shall be given for
AND SURFACE PREPARATION
each individual protective paint system to be used.
1.7.1 Types of surface and surface Besides the surface preparation grade, the
preparation grade(s) for new work specification shall give details of the surface
and maintenance preparation work required. See also annexes G and H
and table 3.
1.7.2 Surface preparation method(s) See ISO 12944-4
1.8 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS - PARTICULAR CONSTRAINTS WITH RESPECT TO PAINT
MATERIALS
1.8.1 Protective paint systems for new, See ISO 12944-5, ISO 12944-7 and annexes G, H and
touch-up and maintenance work table 2.
1.8.2 Particular constraints relating to For example: compatibility with existing coatings,
coatings and paint work edge protection (see ISO 12944-5 and ISO 12944-7),
non-skid coatings or spraying with airless rather than
conventional equipment.
1.8.3 Special requirements regarding, in For example: low level of harmful substances,
particular: protection against pollution by such substances,
- health and safety waste disposal
- environmental protection
———————
*) These items are recommended. If, however, a particular sub-item is included in the specification any instructions in
the remarks column shall be followed.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
No. MAIN ITEM/Sub-item *) Remarks
1.9 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS - PARTICULAR CONSTRAINTS WITH RESPECT TO PAINT
WORK
1.9.1 Location of paint work: See ISO 12944-7.
Workshop and/or on site
1.9.2 Conditions for paint work For example: timetable and climatic conditions (to be
taken into account by the operator).
See also ISO 12944-7.
1.9.3 Method of application of See ISO 12944-7. Any particular requirements shall be
protective paint systems for new, given. Special methods of application shall be
touch-up and maintenance work described in full detail.
1.9.4 Constraints relating to paint work For example: compatibility with existing coatings,
masking of areas to be welded (see ISO 12944-7),
edge protection (see ISO 12944-5 and ISO 12944-7).
1.9.5 Special requirements regarding, in For example: low level of harmful substances,
particular: protection against pollution by such substances,
- health and safety waste disposal.
- environmental protection
1.10 PROPERTIES (OTHER THAN ANTI-CORROSIVE) OF PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS
1.10.1 Colours Colour should preferably be based on colour
designations such as those of the Munsell Colour
System, RAL 840 HR, NF X 08-002, BS 4800, NS 4054,
UNE 48103, JPMA Standard Paint Colours or NCS, in
accordance with the relevant national standard where
applicable. The colours of all coats of a paint system
should normally be different from each other. The last
but one coat should normally be of such a colour that
the top coat fully hides it.
1.10.2 Stability of top-coat colour See also No. 1.5.3, this table.
1.11 QUALITY MANAGEMENT
1.11.1 Quality control, quality assurance
and records
1.12 INSPECTION AND ASSESSMENT See table 4.
1.12.1 Inspection by internal bodies
1.12.2 Inspection by external (e.g.
independent) bodies
1.12.3 Names of external inspection Such bodies and/or inspectors, if any, shall be
bodies and/or the inspectors nominated by the specifier.
themselves
1.12.4 Methods of inspection The specifier shall indicate the methods and types of
instrument required, using International Standards,
wherever possible. The specifier shall also indi
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12944-8
First edition
1998-05-15
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion
protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems —
Part 8:
Development of specifications for new work
and maintenance
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes
de peinture —
Partie 8: Développement de spécifications pour les travaux neufs et
l'entretien
A
Reference number
ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Definitions. 4
4 How to develop a specification for new work or
5
maintenance.
5 Contents of a specification. 6
Annex A (informative) Basic information for inclusion in a
protective paint system specification for new work and
16
maintenance .
18
Annex B (informative) Reference areas.
Annex C (informative) Flow chart for planning new work . 21
22
Annex D (informative) Flow chart for planning maintenance work
Annex E (informative) Classification of environments —
23
Checklist .
Annex F (informative) Example of a simple project
24
specification .
Annex G (informative) Recommended form for a protective paint
29
system specification — New work.
Annex H (informative) Recommended form for a protective paint
30
system specification — Maintenance.
Annex I (informative) Recommended form for a report on paint
31
work progress and application conditions.
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet: iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
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©
ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Annex J (informative) Recommended form for final report on
32
corrosion protection work.
Annex K (informative) Recommended form for a detailed
inspection report on the condition of an existing protective
paint system, including the assessment of the need for
35
maintenance.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a
worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member
bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees
are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the
member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 12944-8 was prepared by Technical
Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 14,
Protective paint systems for steel structures.
ISO 12944 consists of the following parts, under the general title
Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by
protective paint systems:
Part 1: General introduction
Part 2: Classification of environments
Part 3: Design considerations
Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation
Part 5: Protective paint systems
Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods
Part 7: Execution and supervision of paint work
Part 8: Development of specifications for new work and
maintenance
Annexes A to K are for information only.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Introduction
Unprotected steel in the atmosphere, in water and in soil is
subjected to corrosion that may lead to damage. Therefore, to
avoid corrosion damage, steel structures are normally protected to
withstand the corrosion stresses during the service life required of
the structure.
There are different ways of protecting steel structures from
corrosion. ISO 12944 deals with protection by paint systems and
covers, in the various parts, all features that are important in
achieving adequate corrosion protection. Additional or other
measures are possible but require particular agreement between
the interested parties.
In order to ensure effective corrosion protection of steel structures,
it is necessary for owners of such structures, planners, consultants,
companies carrying out corrosion protection work, inspectors of
protective coatings and manufacturers of coating materials to have
at their disposal state-of-the-art information in consise form on
corrosion protection by paint systems. Such information has to be
as complete as possible, unambigous and easily understandable to
avoid difficulties and misunderstandings between the parties
concerned with the practical implementation of protection work.
This International Standard – ISO 12944 – is intended to give this
information in the form of a series of instructions. It is written for
those who have some technical knowledge. It is also assumed that
the user of ISO 12944 is familiar with other relevant International
Standards, in particular those dealing with surface preparation, as
well as relevant national regulations.
Although ISO 12944 does not deal with financial and contractual
questions, attention is drawn to the fact that, because of the
considerable implications of inadequate corrosion protection, non-
compliance with requirements and recommendations given in this
standard may result in serious financial consequences.
ISO 12944-1 defines the overall scope of all parts of ISO 12944. It
gives some basic terms and definitions and a general introduction
to the other parts of ISO 12944. Furthermore, it includes a general
statement on health, safety and environmental protection, and
guidelines for using ISO 12944 for a given project.
This part of ISO 12944 is intended as an aid when a corrosion
protection specification is to be drawn up.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Paints and varnishes – Corrosion protection of steel structures by
protective paint systems –
Part 8:
Development of specifications for new work and maintenance
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12944 deals with the development of specifications for corrosion protection of
steel structures, using protective paint systems. It relates to new work and maintenance in the
workshop or on site and is also applicable to the corrosion protection of individual components.
This part of ISO 12944 concerns the corrosion protection of steel structures exposed to different
corrosion stresses by environments such as indoors, open-air and immersion in water or burial in
soil, as well as special stresses, for example due to medium or high temperatures. The need for
different durability ranges is considered.
Steel surfaces that have been hot-dip-galvanized, metal-sprayed, zinc-electroplated or
sherardized, and previously painted steel surfaces, are also covered by this part of ISO 12944.
In annex B, reference areas for assessing the quality of the corrosion protection work and the
performance of the protective paint systems used are dealt with. Annexes C and D provide
detailed flow charts for planning new work and maintenance, which should be taken into account
when writing a specification.
If extreme corrosion stresses or high temperatures occur, or the protective paint systems are to
be used on other substrates such as non-ferrous metals or concrete, the specifications will have
to take this into account. This part of ISO 12944 may also be used as a guide in such cases.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this part of ISO 12944. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid.
All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12944
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid
International Standards.
ISO 2409:1992, Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test.
ISO 2808:1997, Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness.
ISO 4623:1984, Paints and varnishes - Filiform corrosion test on steel.
ISO 4624:1978, Paints and varnishes - Pull-off test for adhesion.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
ISO 4628-2:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 2: Designation of degree of
blistering.
ISO 4628-3:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 3: Designation of degree of
rusting.
ISO 4628-4:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings -Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 4: Designation of degree of
cracking.
ISO 4628-5:1982, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 5: Designation of degree of
flaking.
ISO 4628-6:1990, Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation
of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect - Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by
tape method.
ISO 8501-1:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades
of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings.
ISO 8501-2:1994, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 2: Preparation grades of previously
coated steel substrates after localized removal of previous coatings.
ISO 8503-1:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 1:
Specifications and definitions for ISO surface profile comparators for the assessment of abrasive
blast-cleaned surfaces.
ISO 8503-2:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 2: Method for
the grading of surface profile of abrasive blast-cleaned steel - Comparator procedure.
ISO 8503-3:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 3: Method for
the calibration of ISO surface profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile -
Focusing microscope procedure.
ISO 8503-4:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 4: Method for
the calibration of ISO surface profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile -
Stylus instrument procedure.
ISO 11124-1:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 1: General introduction and
classification.
ISO 11124-2:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 2: Chilled-iron grit.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
ISO 11124-3:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 3: High-carbon cast-steel shot
and grit.
ISO 11124-4:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 4: Low-carbon cast-steel shot.
ISO 11126-1:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 1: General introduction
and classification.
ISO 11126-3:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 3: Copper refinery slag.
ISO 11126-4:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 4: Coal furnace slag.
ISO 11126-5:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 5: Nickel refinery slag.
ISO 11126-6:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 6: Iron furnace slag.
ISO 11126-7:1995, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 7: Fused aluminium
oxide.
ISO 11126-8:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives - Part 8: Olivine sand.
ISO 12944-1:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 1: General introduction.
ISO 12944-2:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 2: Classification of environments.
ISO 12944-3:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 3: Design considerations.
ISO 12944-4:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation.
ISO 12944-5:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems.
ISO 12944-6:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods.
ISO 12944-7:1998, Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective
paint systems - Part 7: Execution and supervision of paint work.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12944, the following definitions apply in addition to those
given in ISO 12944-1.
3.1 constituent element: A part of a structure (3.10) that is exposed to a particular environment
and which will therefore require a specific protective paint system specification.
NOTE For example, a storage tank will have more than one constituent element, as it comprises internal
and external surfaces, and possibly also support steelwork.
3.2 dry film thickness (DFT): The thickness of a coating remaining on the surface when the
coating has hardened.
NOTE For details, see ISO 12944-5:1998, subclause 5.4.
3.3 durability: The expected life of a protective paint system to the first major maintenance
painting.
NOTE For further important information on durability and durability ranges, see ISO 12944-1.
3.4 inspector: Anyone responsible for ensuring conformity with one or more of the individual
specifications (3.8.1 to 3.8.4).
3.5 maintenance: The sum of all measures, as covered by ISO 12944, which ensure that the
function of the protection of the steel structure against corrosion is maintained.
NOTE Maintenance includes but is not limited to paint work. Such paint work can be patch painting (repair
of degradated spots/areas of the coating system), patch painting followed by overpainting of the structure,
or total repainting.
3.6 nominal dry film thickness (NDFT): The dry film thickness specified for each coat or for the
whole paint system to achieve the required durability.
NOTE For details see ISO 12944-5:1998, subclause 5.4.
3.7 project: The whole of the work for which the specification (3.8) is being developed. The
project may include one or more structures.
3.8 specification: A technical document describing all the requirements that are to be observed
when a steel structure is to be protected against corrosion by using protective paint systems.
Such a document consists of several individual specifications - project specification, protective
paint system specification, paint work specification, inspection and assessment specification - as
defined in 3.8.1 to 3.8.4.
3.8.1 project specification: The specification that describes the project and the requirements
relating specifically to it.
NOTE The specifier of a project specification may, for example, be the owner of the structure to be
protected or the prime contractor.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
3.8.2 protective paint system specification: The specification that describes the preparation of
the surface of the structure and the protective paint system(s) for the structure, in conformity
with the project specification (3.8.1).
NOTE The specifier of a protective paint system specification may, for example, be a paint manufacturer.
3.8.3 paint work specification: The specification that describes the way the paint work is to be
carried out, in conformity with the project specification (3.8.1) and the protective paint system
specification (3.8.2), as well as with the inspection and assessment specification (3.8.4).
NOTE The specifier of a paint work specification may, for example, be a paint application company.
3.8.4 inspection and assessment specification: The specification that describes how inspection
and assessment are to be carried out.
3.9 specifier: Anyone responsible for the development of a specification.
3.10 structure: A steel construction (for example a bridge, a factory building, a storage tank or
an offshore construction) consisting of more than one constituent element (3.1). There may be
one or more structures in any given project (3.7).
4 How to develop a specification for new work or maintenance
It is recommended that the specifier considers the information given in clause 5, and establishes
which specification(s) apply/applies to the project or constituent element to be protected. Then,
the specifier should check in the respective table, item by item, which of the items listed are to be
taken into account in the specification. The various items are supported by detailed information
given in the "Remarks" column in tables 1 to 4, and in the annexes.
When writing a specification for new work or maintenance, it is important to chose the most
suitable protective paint system. To achieve this all relevant parameters shall be taken into
consideration, for example:
- required durability;
- environmental conditions and special stresses;
- surface preparation;
- different generic types of paint;
- number and types of coats [priming coat(s), intermediate coat(s) and top coat(s)];
- methods of application and application requirements;
- place of application (shop or site);
- scaffolding requirements;
- requirements regarding (future) maintenance (if any);
- health and safety requirements;
- environmental protection requirements.
These parameters are described in detail in ISO 12944-1 to ISO 12944-7. In this part of ISO 12944,
only such information is given which is considered to be particularly important to the specifier.
In the drafting of a specification for maintenance work on a structure or constituent element, a
decision has to be taken between
- complete renewal and
- partial removal of the protective paint system involved.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
When complete renewal has been decided, the specification should preferably be developed in
accordance with a specification for new work, e.g. using the form given in annex G.
At an early stage in the drafting of a project specification, a final decision will have to be taken by
the specifier on essential planning parameters, such as protection of slip-resistant connections
using high-tensile bolts, the inside surfaces of hollow sections and other hidden steel surfaces
(see ISO 12944-3 for details of design).
Exclusions, i.e. items not to be painted, shall be indicated in the specification(s).
The choice of protective paint systems shall be based on practical experience and/or the results
of laboratory performance tests, particularly when new coating technology is involved. The
protective paint systems shall be tested for compatibility with existing coatings on previously
coated surfaces.
The specifier shall further take into account regulations and/or requirements relating to
environmental protection, health and safety, and working conditions in the shop or on site.
Because national requirements concerning health and safety at work, pollution control etc. vary
significantly, it may not be possible to include detailed information covering such requirements
in a specification. However, the specification shall draw attention to the need to comply with
current local, regional, national and international legislation and regulations.
5 Contents of a specification
The items which are preferably to be covered by a specification are listed in tables 1 to 4, under
the following headings:
- Contents of a project specification (table 1);
- Contents of a protective paint system specification (table 2);
- Contents of a paint work specification (table 3);
- Contents of an inspection and assessment specification (table 4).
NOTE For small structures, or those whose protection is not subject to any particular requirements, only
certain items need to be taken into account.
An example of a specification based on table 1 is given as annex F.
NOTE Each table contains sufficient information to enable the specifier to write a specification for any one
of the subjects listed above without having to make frequent references to the other tables. This has led to
some expressions being repeated in each of the tables, for example under 1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 4.1 the items
"name of project", "name of owner" and "name of specifier" are repeated. In practice, such information
should only be given once in the complete specification.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
Table 1 – Contents of a project specification
No. MAIN ITEM/Sub-item *) Remarks
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1.1 Name of project
1.1.2 Name of owner
1.1.3 Location(s) of structure(s)
1.1.4 Name of specifier State organization and person.
1.1.5 Environmental conditions at See annex E and ISO 12944-2.
location(s) of structure(s)
1.1.6 References to standards and
regulations
1.2 TYPE OF PROJECT For definitions of project, structure and constituent
element, see clause 3.
1.2.1 New construction without
protection
1.2.2 New construction blast-cleaned
and coated
1.2.3 Touch-up and final paint work
1.2.4 Maintenance See annexes H, I, J and K.
1.2.5 New construction and
maintenance combined
1.2.6 Items not to be coated
Each project should preferably be divided on the basis
1.3 TYPES OF STRUCTURE AND
of corrosion stresses and be described taking into
CONSTITUENT ELEMENT
account special design requirements.
1.3.1 Design See ISO 12944-3.
1.3.2 Assembly method(s) For example bolting, welding.
1.3.3 Connection(s) See ISO 12944-3 and ISO 12944-5.
1.3.4 Galvanic couples (cells) See ISO 12944-3.
1.3.5 Accessibility, e.g. manholes See ISO 12944-3.
1.3.6 Box members and hollow See ISO 12944-3.
components
———————
*) These items are recommended. If, however, a particular sub-item is included in the specification any instructions in
the remarks column shall be followed.
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ISO 12944-8:1998(E) ISO
No. MAIN ITEM/Sub-item *) Remarks
1.4 DESCRIPTION OF EACH Each structure should preferably be divided into
CONSTITUENT ELEMENT constituent elements on the basis of the protective
paint system(s) to be used and the corrosion stresses
associated with each constituent element.
1.4.1 Substrate(s) See ISO 12944-4. Includes substrates with metallic
coatings, e. g. zinc.
1.4.2 Existing paint system and its See annex K and ISO 12944-5.
condition
2
1.4.3 Areas (m )
1.5 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT Descriptions are given in ISO 12944-2. See also annex
OF EACH CONSTITUENT E.
ELEMENT
1.5.1 Atmospheric environmental See annex E, E.1.1.
conditions
1.5.2 Special situations See annex E, E. 4.1.
1.5.3 Special stresses See annex E, E.4.2 (including the effects of exposure
to strong UV radiation).
1.6 DURABILITY
1.6.1 Durability range See ISO 12944-1.
1.7 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS - Details of types of surface, surface preparation grades,
PARTICULAR CONSTRAINTS surface profiles and surface preparation methods can
WITH RESPECT TO SURFACES be found in ISO 12944-4. In the specification, the
required surface preparation grade shall be given for
AND SURFACE PREPARATION
each individual protective paint system to be used.
1.7.1 Types of surface and surface Besides the surface preparation grade, the
preparation grade(s) for new work specification shall give details of the surface
and maintenance preparation work required. See also annexes G and H
and table 3.
1.7.2 Surface preparation method(s) See ISO 12944-4
1.8 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS - PARTICULAR CONSTRAINTS WITH RESPECT TO PAINT
MATERIALS
1.8.1 Protective paint systems for new, See ISO 12944-5, ISO 12944-7 and annexes G, H and
touch-up and maintenance work table 2.
1.8.2 Particular constraints relating to For example: compatibility with existing coatings,
coatings and paint work edge protection (see ISO 12944-5 and ISO 12944-7),
non-skid coatings or spraying with airless rather than
conventional equipment.
1.8.3 Special requirements regarding, in For example: low level of harmful substances,
particular: protection against pollution by such substances,
- health and safety waste disposal
- environmental protection
———————
*) These items are recommended. If, however, a particular sub-item is included in the specification any instructions in
the remarks column shall be followed.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(E)
No. MAIN ITEM/Sub-item *) Remarks
1.9 PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS - PARTICULAR CONSTRAINTS WITH RESPECT TO PAINT
WORK
1.9.1 Location of paint work: See ISO 12944-7.
Workshop and/or on site
1.9.2 Conditions for paint work For example: timetable and climatic conditions (to be
taken into account by the operator).
See also ISO 12944-7.
1.9.3 Method of application of See ISO 12944-7. Any particular requirements shall be
protective paint systems for new, given. Special methods of application shall be
touch-up and maintenance work described in full detail.
1.9.4 Constraints relating to paint work For example: compatibility with existing coatings,
masking of areas to be welded (see ISO 12944-7),
edge protection (see ISO 12944-5 and ISO 12944-7).
1.9.5 Special requirements regarding, in For example: low level of harmful substances,
particular: protection against pollution by such substances,
- health and safety waste disposal.
- environmental protection
1.10 PROPERTIES (OTHER THAN ANTI-CORROSIVE) OF PROTECTIVE PAINT SYSTEMS
1.10.1 Colours Colour should preferably be based on colour
designations such as those of the Munsell Colour
System, RAL 840 HR, NF X 08-002, BS 4800, NS 4054,
UNE 48103, JPMA Standard Paint Colours or NCS, in
accordance with the relevant national standard where
applicable. The colours of all coats of a paint system
should normally be different from each other. The last
but one coat should normally be of such a colour that
the top coat fully hides it.
1.10.2 Stability of top-coat colour See also No. 1.5.3, this table.
1.11 QUALITY MANAGEMENT
1.11.1 Quality control, quality assurance
and records
1.12 INSPECTION AND ASSESSMENT See table 4.
1.12.1 Inspection by internal bodies
1.12.2 Inspection by external (e.g.
independent) bodies
1.12.3 Names of external inspection Such bodies and/or inspectors, if any, shall be
bodies and/or the inspectors nominated by the specifier.
themselves
1.12.4 Methods of inspection The specifier shall indicate the methods and types of
instrument required, using International Standards,
wherever possible. The specifier shall also indi
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 12944-8
Première édition
1998-05-15
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des
structures en acier par systèmes de
peinture —
Partie 8:
Développement de spécifications pour les
travaux neufs et l'entretien
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by
protective paint systems —
Part 8: Development of specifications for new work and maintenance
A
Numéro de référence
ISO 12944-8:1998(F)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12944-8:1998(F)
Sommaire Page
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Définitions. 4
4 Développement d'une spécification pour les
6
travaux neufs ou l'entretien.
5 Contenu d'une spécification. 7
Annexe A (informative) Informations types à inclure dans une
spécification des systèmes de peinture, pour les travaux neufs
20
et l'entretien .
22
Annexe B (informative) Surfaces de référence .
25
Annexe C (informative) Logigramme pour les travaux neufs.
26
Annexe D (informative) Logigramme pour l'entretien.
Annexe E (informative) Classification des environnements —
27
Liste de vérification.
Annexe F (informative) Exemple d'une spécification de projet
29
simple .
Annexe G (informative) Formulaire recommandé de spécification
34
de système de peinture — Travaux neufs .
Annexe H (informative) Formulaire recommandé de spécification
35
de système de peinture — Entretien .
Annexe I (informative) Formulaire recommandé de procès-verbal
d'avancement de travaux de peinture et des conditions
36
d'application .
© ISO 1998
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publi-
cation ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro-
cédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord
écrit de l'éditeur.
Organisation internationale de normalisation
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Suisse
Internet iso@iso.ch
Imprimé en Suisse
ii
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(F)
Annexe J (informative) Formulaire recommandé de procès-verbal
37
final de travaux de protection contre la corrosion.
Annexe K (informative) Formulaire recommandé de rapport de
contrôle détaillé sur l'état d'un système de peinture existant,
avec évaluation d'un besoin d'entretien . 40
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ISO 12944-8:1998(F) ISO
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération
mondiale d'organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de
l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée aux
comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une
étude a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les
organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales,
en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore
étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en
ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques
sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur publication comme
Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des
comités membres votants.
La Norme internationale ISO 12944-8 a été élaborée par le comité
technique ISO/TC 35, Peintures et vernis, sous-comité SC 14, Systèmes
de peinture protectrice pour les structures en acier.
L'ISO 12944 comprend les parties suivantes, présentées sous le titre
général Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par
systèmes de peinture:
— Partie 1 : Introduction générale
— Partie 2 : Classification des environnements
— Partie 3 : Conception et dispositions constructives
— Partie 4 : Types de subjectile et de préparation de surface
— Partie 5 : Systèmes de peinture
— Partie 6 : Essais de performance en laboratoire
— Partie 7 : Exécution et surveillance des travaux de peinture
— Partie 8 : Développement de spécifications pour les travaux neufs et
l'entretien
Les annexes A à K de la présente partie de l'ISO 12944 sont données
uniquement à titre d'information.
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ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(F)
Introduction
L'acier non protégé exposé à l'atmosphère, immergé ou enterré est soumis
à la corrosion, qui peut conduire à son endommagement. De ce fait, les
structures en acier sont souvent protégées pour résister aux conditions de
corrosion pendant la durée de vie souhaitée de la structure.
Il existe différentes façons de protéger les structures en acier contre la
corrosion. L'ISO 12944 traite, dans ses différentes parties, de la protection
à l'aide de systèmes de peinture et de produits de revêtements similaires,
en prenant en compte tous les facteurs importants pour réaliser une
protection adéquate contre la corrosion. Des mesures supplémentaires ou
d'autres types de mesures sont possibles, mais nécessitent un accord
particulier entre les parties intéressées.
Pour protéger efficacement les structures en acier contre la corrosion, il est
nécessaire que les maîtres d'ouvrage, les maîtres d'œuvre, les
consultants, les entreprises qui effectuent les travaux de protection contre
la corrosion, les contrôleurs des revêtements de protection et les fabricants
de produits de peinture disposent d'informations concises sur l'état de l'art
en matière de protection contre la corrosion par des systèmes de peinture.
Ces informations doivent être aussi complètes que possible, sans
ambiguïtés et claires, pour éviter difficultés et malentendus entre les
parties concernées par la réalisation pratique des travaux de protection.
L'ISO 12944 est destinée à fournir des informations sous la forme d'une
série d'instructions. Elle s'adresse à des personnes possédant quelques
connaissances techniques. On suppose également que l'utilisateur de
l'ISO 12944 connaît les autres Normes internationales traitant de la
préparation des surfaces, ainsi que les réglementations nationales
applicables.
Même si l'ISO 12944 ne traite pas de questions financières et
contractuelles, l'attention est attirée sur le fait que, compte tenu des
conséquences considérables d'une protection insuffisante contre la
corrosion, la non-conformité aux prescriptions et aux recommandations
fournies dans la présente norme peut avoir de graves répercussions
financières.
L'ISO 12944-1 définit le domaine général d'application de l'ensemble des
parties de l'ISO 12944. Elle donne quelques termes et définitions de base
et fournit une introduction générale aux autres parties de l'ISO 12944.
Enfin, elle inclut un exposé général sur l'hygiène, la sécurité et la protection
de l'environnement, ainsi que les principes directeurs pour l'utilisation de
l'ISO 12944 dans le cadre d'un projet donné.
La présente partie de l'ISO 12944 a pour objet de faciliter l'élaboration
d'une spécification pour la protection contre la corrosion.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO ISO 12944-8:1998(F)
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par
systèmes de peinture —
Partie 8:
Développement de spécifications pour les travaux neufs et l'entretien
1 Domaine d'application
La présente partie de l'ISO 12944 traite du développement de spécifications relatives à la protection
contre la corrosion des structures en acier, au moyen de systèmes de peinture. Elle s'applique aux
travaux neufs et à l'entretien en atelier ou sur site, ainsi qu'à la protection contre la corrosion des
éléments individuels. Elle concerne la protection anticorrosion des structures en acier exposées à
différentes contraintes de corrosion dues à l'environnement — en intérieur, à l'extérieur, immergées
dans l'eau ou enterrées — ainsi qu’à des contraintes spéciales, qu’elles soient au milieu ou à des
températures élevées. Elle prend en considération l'existence de besoins différents en matière de
durabilité.
La présente partie de l'ISO 12944 traite également des subjectiles d'acier qui ont été galvanisés à
chaud, revêtus de métal par projection à chaud, électrozingués ou shérardisés, ainsi que des aciers
préalablement peints.
L'annexe B traite des surfaces de référence permettant d'évaluer la qualité de la protection contre la
corrosion et les performances des systèmes de peinture utilisés. Les annexes C et D présentent des
logigrammes détaillés de travaux pour les travaux neufs et l'entretien. Il convient de s'y référer lorsque
l'on élabore une spécification.
En cas de contraintes de corrosion extrêmes ou de températures élevées, ou bien si les systèmes de
peinture doivent être utilisés sur d'autres subjectiles, comme des métaux non ferreux ou du béton, les
spécifications doivent en tenir compte. Dans de tels cas, la présente partie de l'ISO 12944 peut
également servir de guide.
2 Références normatives
Les normes suivantes contiennent des dispositions qui, par suite de la référence qui en est faite,
constituent des dispositions valables pour la présente partie de l'ISO 12944. Au moment de la
publication, les éditions indiquées étaient en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette à révision et les parties
prenantes des accords fondés sur la présente partie de l'ISO 12944 sont invitées à rechercher la
possibilité d'appliquer les éditions les plus récentes des normes indiquées ci-après. Les membres de la
CEI et de l'ISO possèdent le registre des Normes internationales en vigueur à un moment donné.
ISO 2409: 1992, Peintures et vernis — Essai de quadrillage.
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ISO 2808: 1997, Peintures et vernis — Détermination de l'épaisseur du feuil.
ISO 4623: 1984, Peintures et vernis — Essai de corrosion filiforme sur acier.
ISO 4624: 1978, Peintures et vernis — Essai de traction.
ISO 4628-2: 1982,
Peintures et vernis — Évaluation de la dégradation des surfaces peintes —
Désignation de l'intensité, de la quantité et de la dimension des types
courants de défauts — Partie 2: Désignation du degré de cloquage.
ISO 4628-3: 1982,
Peintures et vernis — Évaluation de la dégradation des surfaces peintes —
Désignation de l'intensité, de la quantité et de la dimension des types
courants de défauts — Partie 3: Désignation du degré d'enrouillement.
ISO 4628-4: 1982,
Peintures et vernis — Évaluation de la dégradation des surfaces peintes —
Désignation de l'intensité, de la quantité et de la dimension des types
courants de défauts — Partie 4: Désignation du degré de craquelage.
ISO 4628-5: 1982,
Peintures et vernis — Évaluation de la dégradation des surfaces peintes —
Désignation de l'intensité, de la quantité et de la dimension des types
courants de défauts — Partie 5: Désignation du degré d'écaillage.
ISO 4628-6: 1990,
Peintures et vernis — Évaluation de la dégradation des surfaces peintes —
Désignation de l'intensité, de la quantité et de la dimension des types
courants de défauts — Partie 6: Cotation du degré de farinage par la
méthode du ruban adhésif.
ISO 8501-1: 1988, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Évaluation visuelle de la propreté d'un subjectile —
Partie 1: Degrés de rouille et degrés de préparation des subjectiles d'acier
non recouverts et des subjectiles d'acier après décapage sur toute la surface
des revêtements précédents.
ISO 8501-2: 1994, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Évaluation visuelle de la propreté d'un subjectile —
Partie 2: Degrés de préparation des subjectiles d'acier précédemment
revêtus après décapage localisé des couches.
ISO 8503-1: 1988, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Caractéristiques de rugosité des subjectiles d'acier
décapés — Partie 1: Spécifications et définitions relatives aux échantillons de
comparaison viso-tactile ISO pour caractériser les surfaces préparées par
projection d'abrasif.
ISO 8503-2: 1988, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Caractéristiques de rugosité des subjectiles d'acier
décapés — Partie 2 : Méthode pour caractériser un profil de surface en acier
décapée par projection d'abrasif — Utilisation d'échantillons de comparaison
viso-tactile ISO
Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
ISO 8503-3: 1988,
produits assimilés — Caractéristiques de rugosité des subjectiles d'acier
décapés — Partie 3: Méthode pour étalonner les échantillons de
comparaison viso-tactile ISO et pour caractériser un profil de surface —-
Utilisation d'un microscope optique.
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ISO 8503-4: 1988, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Caractéristiques de rugosité des subjectiles d'acier
décapés — Partie 4: Méthode pour étalonner les échantillons de
comparaison viso-tactile ISO et pour caractériser un profil de surface —
Utilisation d'un appareil à palpeur.
Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
ISO 11124-1: 1993,
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs métalliques destinés à la
préparation par projection — Partie 1: Introduction et classification.
ISO 11124-2: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs métalliques destinés à la
préparation par projection — Partie 2: Grenaille angulaire en fonte trempée.
ISO 11124-3: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs métalliques destinés à la
préparation par projection — Partie 3: Grenailles ronde et angulaire en acier
coulé à haut carbone.
ISO 11124-4: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs métalliques destinés à la
préparation par projection — Partie 4: Grenaille ronde en acier coulé à bas
carbone.
ISO 11126-1: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs non métalliques destinés à
la préparation par projection — Partie 1: Introduction générale et
classification.
ISO 11126-3: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs non métalliques destinés à
la préparation par projection — Partie 3: Scories de raffinage du cuivre.
ISO 11126-4: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs non métalliques destinés à
la préparation par projection — Partie 4: Cendres fondues.
Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
ISO 11126-5: 1993,
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs non métalliques destinés à
la préparation par projection — Partie 5: Scories de raffinage du nickel.
ISO 11126-6: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs non métalliques destinés à
la préparation par projection — Partie 6: Scories de four de métallurgie.
Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
ISO 11126-7: 1995,
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs non métalliques destinés à
la préparation par projection — Partie 7: Oxyde d'aluminium fondu.
ISO 11126-8: 1993, Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures et de
produits assimilés — Spécifications pour abrasifs non métalliques destinés à
la préparation par projection — Partie 8: Sable d'olivine.
ISO 12944-1: 1998, Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de
peinture — Partie 1: Introduction générale.
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ISO 12944-2: 1998, Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de
peinture — Partie 2: Classification des environnements.
ISO 12944-3: 1998, Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de
peinture — Partie 3: Conception et dispositions constructives.
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de
ISO 12944-4: 1998,
peinture — Partie 4: Types de subjectile et de préparation de surface.
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de
ISO 12944-5: 1998,
peinture — Partie 5: Systèmes de peinture.
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de
ISO 12944-6: 1998,
peinture — Partie 6: Essais de performance en laboratoire.
ISO 12944-7: 1998, Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de
peinture — Partie 7: Exécution et surveillance des travaux de peinture.
3 Définitions
Pour les besoins de la présente partie de l'ISO 12944, les définitions suivantes s'appliquent et s'ajoutent
à celles données dans l'ISO 12944-1:
3.1 élément constitutif
Partie d'une structure (3.10) exposée à un environnement particulier, et qui nécessite de ce fait une
spécification particulière pour le système de peinture.
NOTE — Par exemple, un réservoir de stockage comportera plusieurs éléments constitutifs, car
il comprend une surface intérieure, une surface extérieure et éventuellement un treillis raidisseur.
3.2 épaisseur du feuil sec (DFT)
Épaisseur résiduelle du revêtement après le durcissement.
NOTE — Pour tout détail, voir ISO 12944-5, paragraphe 5.4.
3.3 durabilité
Durée de vie escomptée d'un système de peinture jusqu'à la première application importante de
peinture d'entretien.
NOTE — Pour toute autre information importante sur la durabilité et les plages de durabilité, voir
ISO 12944-1.
3.4 inspecteur
Personne chargée de garantir la conformité à une ou plusieurs spécifications individuelles (3.8.1
à 3.8.4).
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3.5 entretien
Ensemble des mesures traitées dans l'ISO 12944, visant à assurer la protection de la structure en acier
contre la corrosion.
NOTE — L'entretien ne se limite pas aux travaux de peinture, qui peuvent consister soit à
repeindre des zones (localement) pour réparer les zones détériorées du système de peinture, soit
à repeindre d'abord partiellement puis à passer une couche de finition sur la structure, soit à
repeindre l'ensemble.
3.6 épaisseur nominale du feuil sec (NDFT)
Épaisseur du feuil sec spécifiée pour chaque couche ou pour l'ensemble du système de peinture pour
obtenir la durabilité requise.
NOTE — Pour tout détail, voir ISO 12944-5, paragraphe 5.4.
3.7 projet
Ensemble des travaux auxquels s'applique la spécification (3.8) en cours d'élaboration. Le projet peut
porter sur une ou plusieurs structures.
3.8 spécification
Document technique décrivant toutes les exigences à respecter pour la protection contre la corrosion
d'une structure en acier au moyen de systèmes de peinture. Ce document se compose de plusieurs
spécifications individuelles — spécification du projet, spécification du système de peinture, spécification
des travaux de peinture, spécification de contrôle et d'évaluation comme défini de 3.8.1 à 3.8.4.
3.8.1 spécification du projet
Spécification qui décrit le projet et les prescriptions qui s'y rapportent spécifiquement.
NOTE — L'auteur de la spécification du projet peut être, par exemple, le maître d'ouvrage de la
structure à protéger ou l'entrepreneur principal.
3.8.2 spécification du système de peinture
Spécification qui décrit la préparation de surface d'une structure et le(s) système(s) de peinture à
appliquer sur la structure, conformément à la spécification du projet (3.8.1).
NOTE — L'auteur de la spécification du système de peinture peut être, par exemple, un fabricant
de peinture.
3.8.3 spécification des travaux de peinture
Spécification qui décrit la façon dont les travaux de peinture doivent être réalisés en conformité avec la
spécification du projet (3.8.1), la spécification du système de peinture (3.8.2) et la spécification de
contrôle et d'évaluation (3.8.4).
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NOTE — L'auteur de la spécification des travaux de peinture peut être, par exemple, une
entreprise de travaux de peinture.
3.8.4 spécification de contrôle et d'évaluation
Spécification qui décrit comment le contrôle et l'évaluation doivent être réalisés.
3.9 auteur d'une spécification
Toute personne responsable de l'élaboration d'une spécification.
3.10 structure
Construction en acier (pont, bâtiment d'usine, réservoir de stockage, construction offshore, etc.)
constituée de plusieurs éléments constitutifs (3.1). Il peut y avoir une ou plusieurs structure(s) dans un
projet donné (3.7).
4 Développement d'une spécification pour les travaux neufs ou l'entretien
Il est recommandé que l'auteur de la spécification se réfère aux informations données dans l'article 5, et
définisse quelle(s) spécification(s) s'applique(nt) au projet ou à l'élément constitutif à protéger. Ensuite, il
convient que l'auteur de la spécification vérifie dans le tableau approprié, point par point, quels sont les
points à prendre en compte dans la spécification. Les différents points font l'objet d'une information
détaillée dans la colonne «Remarques» des tableaux 1 à 4 et dans les annexes.
Lors de l'élaboration d'une spécification, dans le cadre de travaux neufs ou de travaux d'entretien, il est
important de choisir le système de peinture le mieux adapté. Pour l'obtenir, il faut prendre en
considération tous les paramètres concernés, par exemple:
— la durabilité requise;
— les conditions de l'environnement et les contraintes spéciales;
— la préparation de surface;
— les différents types de peinture;
— les nombres et types de revêtement [couche(s) primaire(s), intermédiaire(s) et de finition(s)];
— les méthodes d'application et les prescriptions d'application;
— le site d'application (en atelier ou sur site);
— les prescriptions relatives à l'échafaudage;
— les prescriptions relatives à l'entretien (futur) si nécessaire;
— les prescriptions relatives à la santé et à la sécurité;
— les prescriptions relatives à la protection de l'environnement.
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Ces paramètres sont décrits en détail dans l'ISO 12944-1 à l'ISO 12944-7. La présente partie de
l'ISO 12944 ne donne que les informations qui sont considérées comme particulièrement importantes
pour l'auteur d'une spécification.
Lors de l'élaboration d'une spécification relative aux travaux d'entretien sur une structure ou un élément
constitutif, il faut choisir entre
— une réfection complète, et
— une réfection partielle du système de peinture en place.
S'il a été décidé de procéder à une réfection complète, il est préférable d'élaborer la spécification
comme une spécification pour travaux neufs, en utilisant par exemple le formulaire donné dans
l'annexe G.
Au début de l'élaboration de la spécification d’un projet, un choix définitif doit être fait par l'auteur de la
spécification sur des paramètres essentiels à la planification, comme par exemple la protection des
assemblages par boulons autobloquants en acier à haute définition, celle des surfaces intérieures des
sections creuses et des autres surfaces d'acier cachées (pour tous détails relatifs à la conception, voir
ISO 12944-3).
Les surfaces à exclure, c'est-à-dire les éléments qui ne sont pas à peindre, doivent être indiquées dans
la spécification.
Le choix des systèmes de peinture doit se fonder sur l'expérience pratique et/ou sur les résultats des
essais de performance réalisés en laboratoire, surtout s'il s'agit de revêtements faisant appel aux
nouvelles technologies. Pour les surfaces déjà recouvertes d'un revêtement, les systèmes de peinture
doivent être soumis à un essai de compatibilité avec les revêtements existants.
En outre, l'auteur de la spécification doit tenir compte de la réglementation applicable et/ou des
exigences relatives à la protection de l'environnement, à la santé et à la sécurité, ainsi que des
conditions de travail en atelier ou sur chantier.
Les prescriptions relatives à la santé et à la sécurité au travail, et au contrôle de la pollution, etc., varient
considérablement d'un pays à l'autre, d'où la difficulté d'inclure dans une spécification des informations
détaillées sur ces prescriptions. Néanmoins, la spécification doit attirer l'attention sur la nécessité de
respecter les législations et les réglementations locales, régionales, nationales et internationales en
vigueur.
5 Contenu d'une spécification
Les éléments pour lesquels il est préférable d'élaborer une spécification sont énumérés dans les
tableaux 1 à 4, avec les en-têtes suivants:
— contenu d'une spécification de projet (tableau 1);
— contenu d'une spécification de système de peinture (tableau 2);
— contenu d'une spécification de travaux de peinture (tableau 3);
— contenu d'une spécification de contrôle et d'évaluation (tableau 4).
NOTE — Pour les petites structures, ou celles dont la protection n'est pas sujette à des
spécifications spéciales, seuls certains points nécessitent d'être pris en compte.
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L'annexe F donne un exemple de spécification basée sur le tableau 1.
NOTE — Chaque tableau contient suffisamment d'informations pour permettre à la personne
chargée des spécifications d'élaborer une spécification pour l'un quelconque des sujets énumérés
ci-dessus, sans avoir à faire constamment référence aux autres tableaux. C'est pourquoi certaines
expressions se retrouvent dans chaque tableau; par exemple, en 1.1, 2.1, 3.1 et 4.1, les points
«nom du projet», «nom du maître d'ouvrage» et «nom de l'auteur de la spécification» sont
répétés, alors que ces informations ne devraient apparaître qu'une seule fois dans la spécification.
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Tableau 1 — Contenu d'une spécification de projet
1)
N° Titre/Sous-titre Remarques
1.1 INFORMATIONS GÉNÉRALES
1.1.1 Nom du projet
1.1.2 Nom du maître d'ouvrage
1.1.3 Emplacement(s) de la (des) structure(s)
1.1.4 Nom de l'auteur de la spécification Organisme et personne.
1.1.5 Conditions environnementales du site (des sites) où se Voir annexe E et ISO 12944-2.
trouve(nt) la (les) structure(s)
1.1.6 Références à des normes et réglementations
1.2 TYPE DE PROJET Les termes «projet, structure» et
«élément constitutif» sont définis
dans l'article 3.
1.2.1 Construction neuve, sans protection
1.2.2 Construction neuve, décapée par projection et recouverte
d'un revêtement
1.2.3 Retouches et finitions
1.2.4 Entretien Voir annexes H, I, J et K.
1.2.5 Construction neuve et entretien combinés
1.2.6 Éléments qui ne doivent pas être revêtus
Il est préférable de diviser chaque
1.3 TYPES DE STRUCTURE ET D'ÉLÉMENT CONSTITUTIF
projet en fonction des contraintes
de corrosion, et de le décrire en
tenant compte des prescriptions
particulières concernant la
conception.
1.3.1 Conception Voir ISO 12944-3.
1.3.2 Méthode(s) d'assemblage Boulonage ou soudage, par
exemple.
1.3.3 Raccordement(s) Voir ISO 12944-3 et ISO 12944-5.
1.3.4 Couples galvaniques Voir ISO 12944-3.
1.3.5 Accessibilité (par exemple ouvertures de visite) Voir ISO 12944-3.
1.3.6 Caissons et éléments creux Voir ISO 12944-3.
1.4 DESCRIPTION DE CHAQUE ÉLÉMENT CONSTITUTIF Il est préférable de diviser chaque
structure en éléments constitutifs,
en fonction du (des) système(s) de
peinture à utiliser et des
contraintes de corrosion associés
à chaque élément constitutif.
1.4.1 Subjectile(s) Voir ISO 12944-4. Inclut les
subjectiles avec revêtements
métalliques (par exemple zinc).
1.4.2 Type et état du système de peinture existant Voir annexe K et ISO 12944-5.
2
1.4.3 Surfaces (m )
«à suivre»
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suite
Tableau 1 ( )
1)
N° Titre/Sous-titre Remarques
Les descriptions sont données
1.5 DESCRIPTION DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT
dans l'ISO 12944-2. Voir aussi
DE CHAQUE ÉLÉMENT CONSTITUTIF
annexe E.
1.5.1 Conditions d'environnement atmosphérique Voir annexe E, E.1.1.
1.5.2 Situations particulières Voir annexe E, E.4.1.
1.5.3 Contraintes particulières Voir annexe E, E.4.2 (y compris les
effets de l'exposition à un fort
rayonnement UV).
1.6
DURABILITÉ
1.6.1 Plage de durabilité Voir ISO 12944-1.
L'ISO 12944-4 fournit des détails
1.7 SYSTÈMES DE PEINTURE — CONTRAINTES
sur les types de surface, les
PARTICULIÈRES RELATIVES AUX SURFACES
degrés de préparation de surface,
ET À LA PRÉPARATION DES SURFACES
les profils de surface et les
méthodes de préparation de
surface. Dans la spécification, le
de
gré de préparation de surface
requis doit être précisé pour
chacun des systèmes de peinture
qui seront utilisés.
1.7.1 Types de surface et de degré(s) de préparation de surface La spécification doit, non
pour les travaux neufs et l'entretien seulement indiquer le degré de
pré
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Questions, Comments and Discussion
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