ISO/IEC 21794-1:2020
(Main)Information technology — Plenoptic image coding system (JPEG Pleno) — Part 1: Framework
Information technology — Plenoptic image coding system (JPEG Pleno) — Part 1: Framework
This document specifies the plenoptic image coding system framework architecture and its instantiation via a generic file format for storage of plenoptic modalities as well as associated metadata descriptors.
Technologies de l'information — Système de codage d'images plénoptiques (JPEG Pleno) — Partie 1: Cadre
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 21794-1
First edition
2020-08
Information technology — Plenoptic
image coding system (JPEG Pleno) —
Part 1:
Framework
Technologies de l'information — Système de codage d'images
plénoptiques (JPEG Pleno) —
Partie 1: Cadre
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2020
© ISO/IEC 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 Conventions . 3
5.1 Conformance language . 3
5.2 Naming conventions for numerical values . 3
6 Framework definition . 4
7 File format architecture . 5
8 Organization of the document . 5
Annex A (normative) JPEG Pleno file format (JPL) . 6
Annex B (informative) JPEG Pleno reference grid system .17
Annex C (informative) Conceptual example .18
Bibliography .20
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that
are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through
technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of
technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also
take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see https:// patents .iec .ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 21794 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This document is part of a series of standards for a system known as JPEG Pleno. This document defines
the JPEG Pleno framework. It facilitates the capture, representation, exchange and visualization of
plenoptic imaging modalities. A plenoptic image modality can be a light field, point cloud or hologram,
which are sampled representations of the plenoptic function in the form of, respectively, a vector
function that represents the radiance of a discretized set of light rays, a collection of points with
position and attribute information, or a complex wavefront. The plenoptic function describes the
radiance in time and in space obtained by positioning a pinhole camera at every viewpoint in 3D spatial
coordinates, every viewing angle and every wavelength, resulting in a 7D function.
JPEG Pleno specifies tools for coding these modalities while providing advanced functionality at system
level, such as support for data and metadata manipulation, editing, random access and interaction,
protection of privacy and ownership rights.
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 21794-1:2020(E)
Information technology — Plenoptic image coding system
(JPEG Pleno) —
Part 1:
Framework
1 Scope
This document specifies the plenoptic image coding system framework architecture and its instantiation
via a generic file format for storage of plenoptic modalities as well as associated metadata descriptors.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 646, Information technology — ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange
ISO/IEC 15444-1:2019, Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system — Part 1: Core
coding system
ISO/IEC 15444-2:2004, Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system — Part 2: Extensions
1)
ISO/IEC 21794-2:—, Information technology — Plenoptic image coding system (JPEG Pleno) — Part 2:
Light field coding
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
big-endian
byte ordering for which the most significant byte and least significant byte are sequentially ordered
from lower memory address to higher memory address, respectively
3.2
box
structured collection of data describing the image or the image decoding process
3.3
box content
data wrapped within the box structure
1) Under preparation. Stage at time of publication: ISO/IEC DIS 21794-2:2019.
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved 1
3.4
box type
kind of information stored within the box
3.5
coder
embodiment of a coding process
3.6
codestream
coded data representation that includes all necessary data to allow a (full or approximate)
reconstruction of the sample values of a digital image
3.7
coding process
encoding process, decoding process, or both
3.8
complex wavefront
wavefront represented with a complex representation, which can be, for example, real-imaginary or
amplitude-phase
3.9
component
two-dimensional array of samples having the same designation in the output or display device, e. g.,
red, green or blue
3.10
decoder
embodiment of a decoding process
3.11
decoding process
process that takes as its input a codestream and outputs a continuous-tone image
3.12
encoder
embodiment of an encoding process
3.13
encoding process
process that takes as its input a continuous-tone image and outputs a codestream
3.14
hologram
sampled representation of the plenoptic function in the form of a complex wavefront
3.15
holographic display
three-dimensional display that renders a complex optical wavefront
3.16
light field
sampled representation of the plenoptic function in the form of a vector function that represents the
radiance of a discretized set of light rays
3.17
light field data
recorded light field
2 © ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved
3.18
plenoptic function
radiance in time and in space obtained by positioning a pinhole camera at every viewpoint in 3D spatial
coordinates, every viewing angle and every wavelength, resulting in a 7D function
3.19
plenoptic data
sampled representation of the plenoptic function
Note 1 to entry: Example plenoptic functions are light field, point cloud and holographic representation.
3.20
plenoptic object
plenoptic element
plenoptic data representing a part of the scene described by the plenoptic function
3.21
point cloud
sampled representation of the plenoptic function in the form of collection of points with position and
attribute information
3.22
superbox
box that carries other boxes as payload data
3.23
wavefront
locus of spatial points that share the same phase of the light wave
4 Abbreviated terms
3D three dimensional
CGH computer-generated holography
IPR intellectual property rights
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
JPL Jpeg PLeno file format
UUID Universally Unique IDentifier
XML eXtensible Markup Language
5 Conventions
5.1 Conformance language
The keyword "reserved" indicates a provision that is not specified at this time, shall not be used, and
may be specified in the future. The keyword "forbidden" indicates "reserved" and in addition indicates
that the provision will never be specified in the future.
5.2 Naming conventions for numerical values
Integer numbers are expressed as bit patterns, hexadecimal values or decimal numbers. Bit patterns
and hexadecimal values have both a numerical value and an associated particular length in bits.
© ISO/IEC 2020 – All rights reserved 3
Hexadecimal notation, indicated by prefixing the hexadecimal number by "0x", is used instead of binary
notation to denote a bit pattern having a length that is an integer multiple of 4. For example, 0x41
represents an eight-bit pattern having only its second most significant bit and its least significant bit
equal to 1. An octal notation is indicated by prefixing the octal value “\”, this notation is used instead
of binary notation to denote a bit pattern having a length that is an integer multiple of 3. Numerical
values that are specified under a "Code" heading in tables that are referred to as "code tables" are bit
pattern values (specified as a string of digits equal to 0 or 1 in which the left-most bit is considered the
most-significant bit). Other numerical values not prefixed by "0x" are decimal values. When used in
expressions, a hexadecimal value is interpreted as having a value equal to the value of the corresponding
bit pattern evaluated as a binary representation of an unsigned integer (i.e., as the value of the number
formed by prefixing the bit pattern with a sign bit equal to 0 and interpreting the result as a two's
complement representation of an integer value). For example, the hexadecimal value 0xF is equivalent
to the 4-bit pattern '1111' and is interpreted in expressions as being equal to the decimal number 15.
6 Framework definition
The plenoptic image coding system (JPEG Pleno) specifies a framework that facilitates the capture,
representation and exchange of point cloud, light field and holographic imaging modalities. These
[1]
imaging modalities are light representations of the plenoptic function , regardless of which modality
was used to capture or create parts of the entire content:
— Point clouds are a set of data points re
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.