ISO 12402-7:2020
(Main)Personal flotation devices — Part 7: Materials and components — Safety requirements and test methods
Personal flotation devices — Part 7: Materials and components — Safety requirements and test methods
This document specifies the minimum requirements for the construction and performance of materials and components of personal flotation devices, as well as the relevant test methods.
Équipements individuels de flottabilité — Partie 7: Matériaux et composants — Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d'essai
Le présent document spécifie les exigences minimales de construction et de performances des matériaux et composants des équipements individuels de flottabilité, ainsi que les méthodes d'essai correspondantes.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 12402-7
ISO/TC 188/SC 1 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-06-11 2015-09-11
Personal flotation devices —
Part 7:
Materials and components — Safety requirements and test
methods
Équipements individuels de flottabilité —
Partie 7: Matériaux et composants — Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d’essai
ICS: 13.340.70
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel five month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments
received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
formal vote in CEN.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 12402-7:2015(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2015
ISO/DIS 12402-7:2015(E)
© ISO 2015
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 12402-7
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Materials and components . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Sewing thread . 7
4.3 Fabric . 7
4.4 Structural webbing and tie tape . 13
4.5 Structural lacing . 14
4.6 Structural zippers . 15
4.7 Hardware . 18
4.8 Foam flotation material . 25
4.9 Inflation chamber materials . 35
4.10 Polymeric foam coatings . 37
4.11 Inflation systems for hybrid and fully inflatable PFDs . 40
4.12 Gas-filled cylinders . 57
Annex A (informative) Mildew resistance of materials: Soil burial method . 73
Annex B (informative) Abrasion resistance of cloth: Oscillatory method (Wyzenbeek method) . 75
Annex C (informative) Example of a design drawing . 78
Annex D (informative) . 79
Bibliography . 81
ISO/DIS 12402-7
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12402-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft, Subcommittee SC 1, Personal
safety Equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12402-7:2006, ISO 12402-7:2006/A.1:2010), of
which have been technically revised. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below:
a) Temperature of temperature cycling (4.1.6.3) was changed from (65 ± 2)°C into (60 ± 2)°C ;
b) Compliance criteria in Table 1 Sewing thread were changed;
c) Requirements for fabrics performance were changed (see 4.3.2 and Table 2);
d) New chromaticity coordinates x and y and luminance factor β for yellow, orange and red non-fluorescent
colours of lifejacket material were added (see Table 3);
e) New chromaticity coordinates x and y and luminance factor β for yellow, yellow-orange, orange and
orange-red fluorescent colours of lifejacket material were added (see Table 4);
f) Compliance criteria of structural webbing (see Table 5) were modified;
g) Compliance criteria of structural tie tape (see Table 6) were modified;
h) New subclause "General" to structural lacing was added (see 4.5.1);
i) Immersion of zippers, automatic and manual inflation systems in IRM 902 oil was deleted and ambient
temperature replaced by (20 ± 2)°C (see Tables 8, 17 and 18);
j) Compliance criteria of webbing closures and adjusters were modified (see Table 9);
k) Compliance criteria of lacing closures and adjusters were modified (see Table 10);
l) Number of samples reduced for density test on foam flotation material deleted (see Table 12);
m) Dimensional test for foam flotation material deleted;
n) Test method for the compressibility of inherently buoyant material was modified (see 4.8.2.4);
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 12402-7
o) Compliance criteria of inflation chamber materials were modified (see Table 15).
ISO 12402 consists of the following parts, under the general title Personal flotation devices:
⎯ Part 2: Lifejackets, performance level 275 - Safety requirements;
⎯ Part 3: Lifejackets, performance level 150 - Safety requirements;
⎯ Part 4: Lifejackets, performance level 100 - Safety requirements;
⎯ Part 5: Buoyancy aids (level 50) - Safety requirements;
⎯ Part 6: Special purpose lifejackets and buoyancy aids - Safety requirements and additional test methods;
⎯ Part 7: Materials and components - Safety requirements and test methods;
⎯ Part 8: Safety requirements and test methods;
⎯ Part 9: Test methods;
⎯ Part 10: Selection and application of personal flotation devices and other relevant devices.
ISO/DIS 12402-7
Introduction
ISO 12402 has been prepared to give guidance on the design and application of personal flotation devices
(hereafter referred to as PFDs) for persons engaged in activities, whether in relation to their work or their
leisure, in or near water. PFDs manufactured, selected, and maintained to this standard should give a
reasonable assurance of safety from drowning to a person who is immersed in water.
Requirements for lifejackets on large, commercial seagoing ships are regulated by the International Maritime
Organization (IMO) under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). ISO 12402
allows for the buoyancy of a PFD to be provided by a wide variety of materials or designs, some of which may
require preparation before entering the water (e.g. inflation of chambers by gas from a cylinder or blown in
orally). However, PFDs can be divided into the following two main classes:
⎯ those which provide face up in-water support to the user regardless of physical conditions (lifejackets),
and
⎯ those which require the user to make swimming and other postural movements to position the user with
the face out of the water (buoyancy aids).
Within these main two classes there are a number of levels of support, types of buoyancy, activation methods
for inflatable devices, and auxiliary items (such as location aids), all of which will affect the user’s probability of
survival. Within the different types of buoyancy allowed, inflatable PFDs either provide full buoyancy without
any user intervention other than arming (i.e. PFDs inflated by a fully automatic method) or require the user to
initiate the inflation. Hybrid PFDs always provide some buoyancy but rely on the same methods as inflatable
PFDs to achieve full buoyancy. With inherently buoyant PFDs, the user only needs to put the PFD on to
achieve the performance of its class.
PFDs that do not require intervention (automatically operating PFDs) are suited to activities where persons
are likely to enter the water unexpectedly; whereas PFDs requiring intervention (e.g. manually inflated PFDs)
are only suitable for use if the user believes there will be sufficient time to produce full buoyancy, or help is
close at hand. In every circumstance, the user should ensure that the operation of the PFD is suited to the
specific application. The conformity of a PFD to this part of ISO 12402 does not imply that it is suitable for all
circumstances. The relative amount of required inspection and maintenance is another factor of paramount
importance in the choice and application of specific PFDs.
ISO 12402 is intended to serve as a guide to manufacturers, purchasers, and users of such safety equipment
in ensuring that the equipment provides an effective standard of performance in use. Equally essential is the
need for the designer to encourage the wearing of the equipment by making it comfortable and attractive for
continuous wear on or near water, rather than for it to be stored in a locker for emergency use. Throwable
devices and flotation cushions are not covered by this part of ISO 12402. The primary function of a PFD is to
support the user in reasonable safety in the water. Within the two classes, alternative attributes make some
PFDs better suited to some circumstances than others or make them easier to use and care for than others.
Important alternatives allowed by ISO 12402 are the following:
⎯ to provide higher levels of support (levels 100, 150, or 275) that generally float the user with greater water
clearance, enabling the user’s efforts to be expended in recovery rather than avoiding waves; or to
provide lighter or less bulky PFDs (levels 50 or 100);
⎯ to provide the kinds of flotation (inherently buoyant foam, hybrid, and inflatable) that will accommodate
the sometimes conflicting needs of reliability and durability, in-water performance, and continuous wear;
⎯ to provide automatically operating (inherently buoyant or automatically inflated) PFDs that float users
without any intervention on their part, except in initially donning the PFD (and regular inspection and
rearming of inflatable types), or to provide user control of the inflatable PFD’s buoyancy by manual and
oral operation; and
vi © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 12402-7
⎯ to assist in detection (location aids) and recovery of the user.
PFDs provide various degrees of buoyancy in garments that are light in weight and only as bulky and
restrictive as needed for their intended use. They will need to be secure when worn, in order to provide
positive support in the water and to allow the user to swim or
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12402-7
Second edition
2020-07
Personal flotation devices —
Part 7:
Materials and components — Safety
requirements and test methods
Équipements individuels de flottabilité —
Partie 7: Matériaux et composants — Exigences de sécurité et
méthodes d'essai
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Materials and components . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.1.1 Principles . 4
4.1.2 Sampling. 5
4.1.3 Pass or fail criteria . 5
4.1.4 Units of measurement . 5
4.1.5 Material . 5
4.1.6 Sample conditioning . 6
4.2 Sewing thread . 6
4.2.1 Construction . 6
4.2.2 Performance . 7
4.2.3 Loop breaking strength . 7
4.3 Fabric . 7
4.3.1 General. 7
4.3.2 Performance . 7
4.3.3 Colour .11
4.4 Structural webbing and tie tape .12
4.4.1 General.12
4.4.2 Torsional stiffness .12
4.5 Structural lacing .13
4.5.1 General.13
4.5.2 Construction .13
4.5.3 Performance .14
4.6 Structural zippers .14
4.6.1 Construction .14
4.6.2 Performance .14
4.7 Hardware .17
4.7.1 Webbing closures and adjusters . .17
4.7.2 Lacing closures and adjusters .21
4.7.3 Multi-eyelet guides . .24
4.8 Foam flotation material .25
4.8.1 General.25
4.8.2 Performance .26
4.8.3 Knitted fabric laminated to foam flotation material .31
4.9 Inflation chamber materials .33
4.9.1 General.33
4.9.2 Performance .34
4.10 Polymeric foam coatings.36
4.10.1 Construction .36
4.10.2 Performance .37
4.11 Inflation systems for hybrid and solely inflatable lifejackets .39
4.11.1 Construction .39
4.11.2 Performance .42
4.11.3 Performance tests using human subjects .49
4.11.4 Operability test of automatic inflation systems .50
4.11.5 Operability test of manual inflation systems .51
4.11.6 Operability test of oral systems .51
4.11.7 Discharge test of automatic and manual inflation systems .52
4.11.8 Humid atmosphere test of automatic inflation systems .53
4.11.9 System durability test of automatic and manual inflation systems .54
4.11.10 Operability test of over-pressure relief valves .54
4.11.11 Pull test of automatic and manual inflation systems, and cylinder-seal-
indicating cylinders .54
4.11.12 Window material .55
4.12 Gas-filled cylinders .56
4.12.1 Construction .56
4.12.2 Tests and acceptance criteria .58
4.12.3 Marking .70
Annex A (informative) Mildew resistance of materials: Soil burial method .71
Annex B (informative) Abrasion resistance of cloth: Oscillatory method (Wyzenbeek method) .73
Annex C (informative) Example of a design drawing .76
Bibliography .77
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 12402-7
Deuxième édition
2020-07
Équipements individuels de
flottabilité —
Partie 7:
Matériaux et composants — Exigences
de sécurité et méthodes d'essai
Personal flotation devices —
Part 7: Materials and components — Safety requirements and test
methods
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2020
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2020
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vii
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 3
4 Matériaux et composants . 5
4.1 Généralités . 5
4.1.1 Principe . 5
4.1.2 Échantillonnage . 5
4.1.3 Critères de réussite ou d'échec . 5
4.1.4 Unités de mesure . 5
4.1.5 Matériau . 6
4.1.6 Conditionnement de l'échantillon . 6
4.2 Fils de couture . 7
4.2.1 Construction . 7
4.2.2 Performances . 7
4.2.3 Résistance à la rupture d'une boucle . 7
4.3 Tissu . 8
4.3.1 Généralités . 8
4.3.2 Performances . 8
4.3.3 Couleur .12
4.4 Sangles et rubans structurels .13
4.4.1 Généralités .13
4.4.2 Rigidité de torsion .13
4.5 Attache structurelle .15
4.5.1 Généralités .15
4.5.2 Construction .15
4.5.3 Performances .15
4.6 Fermetures à glissière structurelles .16
4.6.1 Construction .16
4.6.2 Performances .16
4.7 Ferrures éclair structurelles .20
4.7.1 Dispositifs de fermeture et de réglage des sangles .20
4.7.2 Dispositifs de fermeture et de réglage des bandes d'attache .24
4.7.3 Guides à œillets multiples .27
4.8 Matériau de flottabilité en mousse .28
4.8.1 Généralités .28
4.8.2 Performances .30
4.8.3 Tricot enduisant le matériau de flottabilité de type mousse .35
4.9 Matériaux des chambres de gonflage .38
4.9.1 Généralités .38
4.9.2 Performances .38
4.10 Revêtements en mousse polymère .42
4.10.1 Construction .42
4.10.2 Performances .42
4.11 Systèmes de gonflage pour gilets de sauvetage hybrides et entièrement gonflables .45
4.11.1 Construction .45
4.11.2 Performances .48
4.11.3 Essais de performances utilisant des sujets humains .56
4.11.4 Essai d'opérabilité des systèmes de gonflage automatiques .57
4.11.5 Opérabilité des systèmes de gonflage manuels .58
4.11.6 Essai d'opérabilité des systèmes de gonflage buccal.59
4.11.7 Essais de décharge des systèmes de gonflage automatiques et manuels .59
4.11.8 Essai d'exposition à une atmosphère humide pour les systèmes de
gonflage automatiques .61
4.11.9 Essais de durabilité des systèmes de gonflage automatiques et manuels .62
4.11.10 Essai d'opérabilité des valves de surpression .62
4.11.11 Essai de traction des systèmes de gonflage automatiques et manuels et
des indicateurs d'étanchéité de la cartouche .62
4.11.12 Matériau des fenêtres .62
4.12 Cartouches de gaz pleines .64
4.12.1 Construction .64
4.12.2 Essais et critères d'acceptation .66
4.12.3 Marquage .78
Annexe A (informative) Résistance à la moisissure des matériaux : méthode
d'enfouissement dans le sol .79
Annexe B (informative) Résistance du tissu à l'abrasion : méthode oscillatoire (Méthode de
Wyzenbeek) .82
Annexe C (informative) Exemple de dessin de conception .85
Bibliographie .86
iv © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues i
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.