ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd 1:2008
(Amendment)Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system: Secure JPEG 2000 — Part 8: — Amendment 1: File format security
Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system: Secure JPEG 2000 — Part 8: — Amendment 1: File format security
Technologies de l'information — Système de codage d'images JPEG 2000: JPEG 2000 sécurisé — Partie 8: — Amendement 1: Sécurité de format de fichier
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 15444-8
First edition
2007-04-15
AMENDMENT 1
2008-12-15
Information technology — JPEG 2000
image coding system: Secure JPEG 2000
AMENDMENT 1: File format security
Technologies de l'information — Système de codage d'images
JPEG 2000: JPEG 2000 sécurisé
AMENDEMENT 1: Sécurité de format de fichier
Reference number
ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd.1:2008(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2008
ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd.1:2008(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO/IEC 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published by ISO in 2009
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd.1:2008(E)
CONTENTS
Page
1) Clause 2: Normative references . 1
2) Clause 3: Terms and definitions. 1
3) Annex E: File format security . 3
Annex E – File Format Security. 3
E.1 Scope. 3
E.2 Introduction . 3
E.3 Extension to ISO base media file format . 5
E.4 Elementary stream and sample definitions. 14
E.5 Protection at file format level . 16
E.6 Examples (Informative). 18
E.7 Boxes defined in ISO/IEC 15444-12 (informative) . 28
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved iii
ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd.1:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Amendment 1 to ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1,
Information technology, Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia
information in collaboration with ITU-T. The identical text is published as
ITU-T Rec. T.807 (05/2006)/Amd.1(E).
iv © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd.1:2008 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15444-8
RECOMMENDATION ITU-T T.807
Information technology – JPEG 2000 image coding system:
Secure JPEG 2000
Amendment 1
File format security
1) Clause 2: Normative references
Add the following references:
– Recommendation ITU-T T.803 (2002) | ISO/IEC 15444-4:2004, Information technology – JPEG 2000
image coding system: Conformance testing.
– ISO/IEC 13818-11:2004, Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated
audio information – Part 11: IPMP on MPEG-2 systems.
– ISO/IEC 15444-6:2003, Information technology – JPEG 2000 image coding system – Part 6: Compound
image file format.
– ISO/IEC 15444-12:2005, Information technology – JPEG 2000 image coding system – Part 12: ISO
base media file format (technically identical to ISO/IEC 14496-12).
2) Clause 3: Terms and definitions
a) Rewrite the first paragraph as follows (with the changes underlined):
For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following definitions apply. The definitions
defined in ITU-T Rec. T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1 clause 3 and ISO/IEC 15444-12:2005 clause 3 apply to this
Recommendation | International Standard.
b) Add the following terms and definitions:
Normal decoder
Standard decoder is a process to decode a codestream that is fully compliant with the normative part of coding standard.
Its behaviour is not defined if it tries to decode a non-compliant codestream.
Adaptive-format decoder
Adaptive-format decoder is a process to decode a codestream which is not fully compliant with the normative part of
the coding standard. It shall reconstruct the media (possibly with low quality or resolution) even if the codestream has
missing packets or inconsistent packet headers. For example, an adaptive-format decoder is able to understand a
simply-transcoded codestream, such as the one that has its highest resolution packets removed.
Elementary Stream (ES)
Elementary streaming contains a sequence of samples, where each sample could be a video frame or a contiguous
section of audio data. A sample in ES contains media data, ByteData structure, pointer structure, container structure, or
any mixture of the above.
Self-Contained ES
Self-contained ES contains only media data, whose format is not defined in this amendment. The self-contained ES
could be stored in MDAT box co-located with the file format specified in this amendment, or be stored in a separate file
whose format is not specified by this amendment.
Rec. ITU-T T.807 (2006)/Amd.1 (03/2008) 1
ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd.1:2008 (E)
Composed ES
Composed ES may contain a mixture of ByteData, pointer and container structures, that is, its samples are composed
with data from other elementary streams. A composed ES can either copy (using ByteData structure) or reference (using
pointer) data from other ESes.
Scalable Composed ES
Scalable composed ES is made up of samples that may not be decodable by themselves. It may need to be combined
with other scalable composed ESes to form a fully decodable codestream. Scalable composed ES is designed to support
scalability, i.e., to make media data "thinable". For example, for a motion JPEG 2000 codestream where each picture
has three layers, it can be divided into 3 scalable composed ESes: the first one consists of all layer 0 data, the second
one consists of all layer 1 data and the third one consists of all layer 2 data.
Decodable Composed ES
Decodable composed ES is made up of samples that are decodable by themselves. It is designed for simple adaptation
where the adaptor just needs to retrieve data pointed by pointer structure and remove the wrapper to form a fully
scalable codestream. For example, for a motion JPEG 2000 codestream where each picture has three layers, it can form
3 decodable composed ESes: the first one consists of layer 0 data, the second one consists of layer 0 and layer 1 data
and the third one consists of layer 0, 1 and 2 data.
Adaptor/transcoder
Adaptor/transcoder is a process to transform media data to lower scalability level, like lower resolution or lower quality
or bit-rate, by removing portions of the file. The adaptor/transcoder can transform media data based on the information
specified in this amendment. An adaptor/transcoder shall update byte offset values in file format parameters that are
impacted by the process.
Secure adaptor/transcoder
Secure adaptor/transcoder is a process to transform encrypted or authenticated media data without necessity to decrypt
or regenerate the MAC or signature. Thus, end-to-end security remains for the transcoded media data.
JPEG 2000-aware adaptor/transcoder
JPEG 2000-aware adaptor/transcoder combines one or more scalable composed ESes to form a fully decodable media
codestream. It should have the capability to generate the headers and markers of media codestream and modify the
packet index, such that the adapted codestream can be decoded by a normal decoder. It may also add empty packets to
replace the removed ones, or it may insert POC marker.
Simple adaptor/transcoder
Simple adaptor/transcoder is able to transform data based on information specified by this amendment. It may not be
capable of generating media headers or modifying packet indices. It simply retrieves data pointed by pointer structure
and removes the wrappers, and the resulting codestream can be decoded by adaptive-format decoder, which can cope
with missing packets and inconsistent headers.
Authentication adaptor/transcoder
An authentication adaptor/transcoder removes data that is not verifiable with the available media data and
authentication data. For example, in a streaming system, some media packets may be lost during transmission. A file
format receiver may reconstruct the received data to the best of its ability based on the available data. Then, an
authentication adaptor/transcoder can determine which data can be verified, and then remove the packets that are not
verified. The resulting file only contains the decodable, verified data.
Container
Container structure is used to wrap a sample in a composed ES. It might contain any number of ByteData or pointer
structures, but is not allowed to contain another container structure.
Pointer
Pointer structure is used to reference a data segment in another ES. It must be contained inside a container structure.
2 Rec. ITU-T T.807 (2006)/Amd.1 (03/2008)
ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007/Amd.1:2008 (E)
ByteData
ByteData structure is used to wrap a data segment which is physically located in a composed ES. It must be contained
inside a container structure.
4CC Code
4CC code is a 32-bit identifier, normally 4 printable characters. A 4CC code can be used to indicate the file type, the
type of file format box, type of a file format track, type of a file format sample description and type of file format track
reference. A 4CC code must be registered with a registration authority.
3) Annex E: File format security
Create a new annex and add the following text:
Annex E
File Format Security
(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard)
E.1 Scope
This annex specifies JPSEC file format derived from the ISO base file format and modifications to JPEG family file
format (including JP2, JPX and JPM) for protection and secure adaptation of scalable pictures, which is possibly
encrypted and/or authenticated by the owner. The pictures could be either static pictures or time-sequenced pictures. In
particular, this annex provides functionality to do the following:
• To store coded media data corresponding to different scalability levels. Elementary stream (ES) is used
for this purpose. There are three types of ESes, self-contained ES, scalable composed ES and decodable
composed ES.
• To define tracks describing the characteristics of the coded media data stored in ES. For example, the
track should be able to indicate scalability level (resolution, layer, region, etc.) and the rate-distortion
hints of the coded media data in order to facilitate easy and secure adaptation.
• To define new file format boxes to signal protection tools and parameters applied to coded media data or
metadata. The protection tools can be applied to either static JPEG 2000 pictures or time-sequenced
JPEG 2000 pictures.
• The protection tools defined in this amendment can be applied to JPEG family file formats including
JP2, JPX and JPM and ISO-derived file formats such as MJ2 for motion JPEG.
E.2 Introduction
E.2.1 Security protection at file format level
This annex describes a JPSEC file format derived from the ISO base file format and modifications to JPEG family file
format, to add security protection to JPEG 2000 pictures at the file format level. The protection applied at the file
format level can be classified into two types: item-based protection and sample-based protection, both structures are
defined by the ISO base file format. The item-based protection is designed to protect any byte ranges (including coded
media data and metadata) while the sample-based protection is designed to protect time-sequenced media including
JPEG 2000 pictures.
When the security tools applied change the data length, it shall update all pointers and
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.