ISO 12234-1:2012
(Main)Electronic still-picture imaging — Removable memory — Part 1: Basic removable-memory model
Electronic still-picture imaging — Removable memory — Part 1: Basic removable-memory model
1 Scope This part of ISO 12234 specifies a basic removable-memory reference model for digital electronic still-picture cameras. The reference model includes image file formats for storing image data and metadata, file system requirements for storing and retrieving the image files on the removable memory, and media profiles which are specific to a given storage technology. The reference model allows the image data and metadata to be interchanged among the various components of an electronic imaging system by using the removable storage media.
Imagerie de prises de vue électroniques — Mémoire amovible — Partie 1: Modèle de mémoire amovible de base
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12234-1
Third edition
2012-07-01
Electronic still-picture imaging —
Removable memory —
Part 1:
Basic removable-memory model
Imagerie de prises de vue électroniques — Mémoire amovible —
Partie 1: Modèle de mémoire amovible de base
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
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ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Reference model . 2
4.1 General considerations . 2
4.2 Image storage application profiles (ISAP) . 3
4.3 Image data format . 3
4.4 File system . 3
4.5 Media profiles . 4
5 Required characteristics for image storage application profiles . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 Interoperability . 4
5.3 Flexibility . 4
5.4 Extensibility . 4
5.5 Ease of implementation . 4
5.6 Platform independence . 5
5.7 Multiple physical media types . 5
5.8 Elimination of redundancy . 5
6 Image data format specification . 5
6.1 General considerations . 5
6.2 Application layer for image data . 5
6.3 Presentation layer . 5
6.4 Image data formats . 5
6.5 Application layer for sound data .21
6.6 Guidance for persisting metadata .21
7 File system requirements .25
7.1 General considerations .25
7.2 Directory structure and name .25
7.3 Object .26
7.4 Interoperability .26
7.5 Device requirement level .27
Annex A (normative) TIFF/EP image data format .28
Annex B (normative) Exif image data format .29
Annex C (normative) Image data format — JPEG 2000, Part 1 and 2 .30
Annex D (informative) DCF file system .31
Bibliography .33
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12234-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 12234-1:2007), which has been technically revised.
ISO 12234 consists of the following parts, under the general title Electronic still-picture imaging —
Removable memory:
— Part 1: Basic removable-memory model
— Part 2: TIFF/EP image data format
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Introduction
ISO 12234 addresses removable memory requirements for electronic still-picture cameras. Unlike a traditional
photographic system, an electronic photography system divides the imaging chain into discrete components
separately devoted to image acquisition, storage, transmission, processing and display. Since the components
can be made by different manufacturers, there is a need to specify a standard format for data interchange
among the various components of an electronic imaging system.
This part of ISO 12234 describes data interchange using removable storage media. The purpose of removable
storage media is the storage of digitized images on media that is compact, is mechanically rugged, and has
low power requirements. The removable storage media is used to transport the digitized image data to other
components in the imaging chain.
This part of ISO 12234 further specifies the required information content for a removable memory data format.
The information content includes both the image data and data items describing the image. Normative annexes
A, B and C describe various conforming formats. The data features supported by each of these formats are
also described in Clause 6. The information content further includes a description of the file system which
organizes the files containing digitized image data. Informative Annex D describes a conforming file system.
The file system features are described in Clause 7.
An implementation is said to be in compliance if, at a minimum, all mandatory elements are present. Recommended
features are not required, but will substantially enhance interoperability, performance and/or robustness.
In developing this part of ISO 12234, a structured methodology was followed. A reference model describes the
environment as well as the overall architecture in which this part of ISO 12234 is applicable. The architecture
separates the software layers (termed the “image data format” and the “file system”) from the hardware
technology-dependent layer (termed the “media profile”). An image data format is media independent and
contains the image data, image-related data and a means for structuring these data elements. A file system
defines the data organization on the storage media used, but it is independent of the media.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that
compliance with this document may involve the use of patents.
ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights.
The holders of these patent rights have ensured ISO that they are willing to negotiate licences under
reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect,
the statements of the holders of these patent rights are registered with ISO. Information may be obtained from:
— Eastman Kodak Company
Attention: Director, Corporate Commercial Affairs
343 State Street
Rochester, New York, USA 14650-0211
— Konica Minolta Technology Center, Inc.
Attention: General Manager, Intellectual Property Center
No.1 Sakura-machi, Hino-shi
Tokyo 191-8511, Japan
— FujiFilm Corporation
Attention: Industrial Standards Office
7-3, Akasaka 9-chome, Minato-Ku
Tokyo 107-0052 Japan
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights
other than those identified above. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
With the permission of Adobe Systems Incorporated, numerous tag names and values used in this part of
ISO 12234 have been copied verbatim from the TIFF 6.0 specification dated June 3, 1992, specification
copyright 1986-1988, 1992 Adobe Systems Incorporated.
vi © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12234-1:2012(E)
Electronic still-picture imaging — Removable memory —
Part 1:
Basic removable-memory model
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12234 specifies a basic removable-memory reference model for digital electronic still-picture
cameras. The reference model includes image file formats for storing image data and metadata, file system
requirements for storing and retrieving the image files on the removable memory, and media profiles which are
specific to a given storage technology. The reference model allows the image data and metadata to be interchanged
among the various components of an electronic imaging system by using the removable storage media.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12234-2, Electronic still-picture imaging — Removable memory — Part 2: TIFF/EP image data format
ISO 15444-1, Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system — Part 1
ISO 15444-2, Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system: Extensions — Part 2
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
file system
software structure which specifies how the data is logically organized on a given storage media
3.2
image data format
structure and content which specify image data and the organization of the image related data in a device-
independent manner
3.3
image storage application profile
ISAP
media profile, the file system and the image data format
NOTE The ISAP specifies all the information necessary to completely implement the removable memory.
3.4
media profile
portion of the memory module specification which
...
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