oSIST prEN 12604:2005
(Main)Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Mechanical aspects - Requirements
Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Mechanical aspects - Requirements
This document specifies the safety, structural and mechanical requirements for doors, gates and barriers or their components, intended for installation in areas in the reach of people and for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods and vehicles accompanied or driven by persons in industrial, commercial and residential premises.
This document also covers commercial doors such as rolling shutters and rolling grilles used in retail premises which are mainly provided for the access of persons rather than vehicles or goods.
This document deals with all significant hazards listed in Annex A and specifies requirements to eliminate or minimise them.
These products may be manually or power operated. Calculation and sizing of the drive unit is not covered in this document.
Tore - Mechanische Aspekte - Anforderungen
1.1 Allgemeines
Dieses Dokument legt die Sicherheits-, konstruktiven und mechanischen Anforderungen an Tore und Schranken bzw. deren Bauteile fest, die für den Einbau in Zugangsbereichen von Personen vorgesehen sind und deren hauptsächlich vorgesehene Nutzung es ist, einen sicheren Zugang für Waren und Fahrzeuge, begleitet oder gefahren von Personen, in industriellen, gewerblichen und Wohnbereichen zu ermöglichen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt ferner gewerbliche Tore, wie Rollladen und Rollgitter, die in Einzelhandelseinrichtungen eingesetzt werden und die hauptsächlich für den Zugang von Personen und nicht für Fahrzeuge oder Waren dienen.
Das vorliegende Dokument behandelt alle in Anhang A aufgeführten signifikanten Gefährdungen und legt die Anforderungen zum Beheben oder Einschränken dieser Gefährdungen fest.
Diese Produkte können hand- oder kraftbetätigt sein. Die Berechnung und Bemessung der Antriebseinheit ist nicht Bestandteil dieser Norm.
1.2 Ausnahmen
Das Dokument gilt nicht für:
- Schleusen- und Hafentore;
- Aufzugstüren oder -tore;
- Türen in Fahrzeugen;
- Tresortüren;
- Türen und Tore zum Einsperren von Tieren;
- textile Theatervorhänge;
- waagerecht bewegte Torfe mit einer Breite von weniger als 2,5 m und einer Fläche von weniger als 6,25 m2, die nur für die Nutzung durch Fußgänger vorgesehen sind;
- Türen oder Tore außerhalb der Reichweite von Personen (z. B. Krantore);
- Karusselltüren jeglicher Größe,
- Eisenbahnschranken;
- ausschließlich für Fahrzeuge verwendete Schranken.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Tore und Schranken, die vor dem Veröffentlichungsdatum dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
1.3 Besondere Anwendungen
Diese Norm gilt nur für Tore, die nicht Teil der tragenden Struktur des Gebäudes sind.
Portes et portails industriels, commerciaux et de garage - Aspects mécaniques - Exigences
Ce document spécifie les exigences structurelles, mécaniques et de sécurité des portes, des portails et des barrieres ou leurs composants, destinés a etre installés dans des zones accessibles aux personnes et dont la principale utilisation prévue est de permettre un acces, en toute sécurité, des marchandises et des véhicules accompagnés ou conduits par des personnes dans des locaux industriels, commerciaux et d'habitation.
Ce document couvre également les portes commerciales tels que les rideaux et les grilles a enroulement utilisés dans les zones de vente au détail et qui sont fournis principalement pour l'acces des personnes plutôt que des véhicules ou des marchandises.
Ce document traite de tous les risques significatifs listés a l'Annexe A et spécifie les exigences pour leur élimination ou leur réduction.
Ces produits peuvent etre manuels ou motorisés. Le calcul et le dimensionnement des motorisations ne sont pas couverts par ce document.
Vrata v industrijske in javne prostore ter garažna vrata - Mehanske lastnosti - Zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 12604:2005
01-maj-2005
Vrata v industrijske in javne prostore ter garažna vrata - Mehanske lastnosti -
Zahteve
Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Mechanical aspects - Requirements
Tore - Mechanische Aspekte - Anforderungen
Portes et portails industriels, commerciaux et de garage - Aspects mécaniques -
Exigences
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12604
ICS:
91.060.50 Vrata in okna Doors and windows
91.090 Konstrukcije zunaj stavb External structures
oSIST prEN 12604:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 12604:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 12604
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2005
ICS Will supersede EN 12604:2000
English version
Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Mechanical
aspects - Requirements
Portes industrielles, commercial et de garage - Aspects Tore - Mechanische Aspekte - Anforderungen
mécaniques - Exigences
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 33.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12604:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 List of significant hazards .7
5 Safety Requirements and/or protective measures.7
6 Information .14
7 Verification .14
Annex A (normative) Mechanical hazards related to doors .15
Annex B (informative) Safeguarding against dropping by other design features incorporated in
the suspension system of vertically operating door leaves according to 4.3.4 .17
Annex C (informative) Examples of mechanical protection and safety distances .18
Annex D (informative) Relationship between requirements for mechanical aspects and relevant
test methods.19
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC .21
Bibliography .22
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Foreword
This document (prEN 12604:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33 “Doors, windows,
shutters, building hardware and curtain walling”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 12604:2000.
This document is one of a series of documents for industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates, which
are identified in EN 13241-1, and for which the methods of verification are specified in prEN 12605:2005
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Introduction
This document is a type C document as stated in EN 1070.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in clause 1.
When provisions of this type C document are different from those which are stated in type A or B documents,
the provisions of this type C document take precedence over the provisions of the other documents, for
machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C document.
This document has been prepared to meet the needs of manufacturers, users and safety enforcement
authorities, with the primary purpose of providing design and performance for mechanical aspects of industrial,
commercial and garage doors and gates used by vehicles accompanied or driven by persons.
With the aim of clarifying the intention of this document and avoiding doubts when reading it, it was assumed
when producing it that negotiation occurred between the manufacturer and the professional installer
concerning:
components to be kept in good repair or working order;
negotiation occurred between the manufacturer and the user concerning the specificity of the use and
place of use of the equipment;
the wind the door has to withstand out of service;
the wind conditions under which the door is expected to be operable;
all parts of door installations, whether fixed or moving, including the fixing and assembling means, to be in
all respects of good construction, suitable material, adequate strength and free from obvious defects for
their intended working life
the design to be in accordance with usual European technical rules taking into account the most
unfavourable static and dynamic forces occurring during the operation and all failure modes.
For the purpose of this document it is assumed that manually operated balanced doors with an out of balance
of not more than 150 N in normal use (see 4.3.3) are fully manual doors (and out of the scope of the
Machinery Directive).
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1 Scope
1.1 General
This document specifies the safety, structural and mechanical requirements for doors, gates and barriers or
their components, intended for installation in areas in the reach of people and for which the main intended
uses are giving safe access for goods and vehicles accompanied or driven by persons in industrial,
commercial and residential premises.
This document also covers commercial doors such as rolling shutters and rolling grilles used in retail premises
which are mainly provided for the access of persons rather than vehicles or goods.
This document deals with all significant hazards listed in Annex A and specifies requirements to eliminate or
minimise them.
These products may be manually or power operated. Calculation and sizing of the drive unit is not covered in
this document.
1.2 Exclusions
It does not apply to
lock gates and dock gates;
doors on lifts;
doors on vehicles;
armoured doors;
doors mainly for the retention of animals;
theatre textile curtains;
2
horizontally moving doors less than 2,5 m wide and 6,25 m area, designed principally for pedestrian use
doors outside the reach of people (such as crane gantry fences);
revolving doors of any size;
railway barriers;
barriers used solely for vehicles.
This document is not applicable to doors, gates and barriers which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this document by CEN.
1.3 Specific applications
This document applies only to doors which are not part of the load carrying structure of the building.
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2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs.
EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and
moveable guards.
EN 1070, Safety of machinery — Terminology.
EN 12424, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Resistance to wind load — Classification.
EN 12433-1, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Terminology — Part 1: Types of doors.
EN 12433-2, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Terminology — Part 2: Parts of doors.
EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications.
prEN 12453:2005, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Safety in use of power operated
doors — Requirements and classification.
EN 12600:2002, Glass in buildings — Pendulum test — Impact test method for flat glass and performance
requirements.
prEN 12605:2003, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Mechanical aspects — Test
methods.
EN 13241-1, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Product standard — Part 1: Products
without fire resistance and smoke control characteristics.
EN 13411-2, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Splicing of eyes for wire ropes slings.
prEN 13411-3:1999, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Ferule secured eyes.
prEN 13411-6:1998, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket clevis.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070, EN 12433-1 and
EN 12433-2 and the following apply.
NOTE Whenever the term “door” is used in this document, it shall be deemed to cover the full scope of types and
variances of doors, gates and barriers defined in EN 12433-1.
3.1
normal use
use intended and described by the manufacturer
3.2
vertically moving door
door where the main closing edge moves, for at least a part of its travel, with a vertical component
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3.3
ultimate failure load
maximum differential pressure under which a door remains in its installed position even if permanently
deformed
4 List of significant hazards
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with
in this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require
action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
A door should not cause injuries or damages due to:
unintentional or uncontrolled movements of a door leaf due to external influences, such as wind, snow,
water, etc.;
unintentional or uncontrolled movements of a door leaf due to disintegration of the door system in any
way, such as falling down, derailment, overrunning of terminal positions, broken components of the leaf
suspension, etc.;
intentional movements of a door leaf (opening or closing) thereby trapping or crushing persons or objects
in any position;
lack of recognition due to material (i. e. glass), colour etc. causing a person to run or walk into a door leaf
or not being aware of the movement of the panel;
lack of predictability of behaviour ( doors opening on to a driveway etc.);
lack of proper operating instructions or instructions which are difficult to understand or to follow;
parts of a door leaf breaking off.
The exhaustive list of hazards as addressed in this document is stated in the Annex A.
5 Safety Requirements and/or protective measures
Doors shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause.
In addition, the doors shall be designed according to the principles of EN 292 for hazards relevant but not
significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges). This requirement may not apply to
fully manual doors (see introduction) when these are not intended for power operation.
5.1 Mechanical specifications of door characteristics
The manufacturer shall provide all technical information to enable the door to be correctly selected for the
structural opening prepared for it.
For the interpretation of the mechanical performance of doors the following specifications shall be given:
structural opening sizes and dimension details;
frequency of operation;
operation mode;
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degree of automation;
position in building (inside, outside);
provision of pass door;
transparent surfaces;
building materials to be used;
position and types of fixing.
NOTE 1 If such data are not presented by the purchaser at the time of request or order, the producer/supplier may ask
for such data or specify his document ones.
NOTE 2 Additional data with respect to mechanical aspects may be requested for specific conditions on site.
5.2 Design and construction
5.2.1 General
The number of full operational cycles which the product is designed/constructed for, shall take into account
the intended life time, the planned maintenance and replacement of parts subject to wear and fatigue.
5.2.2 Strength
The door and its components, including its fixing and assembling means for attachment to the building, shall
be designed, so that, when operated as intended by the manufacturer, no part of the door, including the fixing
and assembly means, shall be permanently deformed.
Anti-drop devices and related components may show permanent deformation after engagement.
The deflection of door leaves or other elements resulting from a specified differential pressure (e.g. wind load)
shall not cause permanent deformations which will affect the functioning of the door or create any risk for
derailment or the like.
The strength verification shall be either by calculation or by testing.
When calculating for permanent deformation for structural design purposes, the load to be considered for
calculation shall be the classification load as stated in EN 12424 multiplied by the safety coefficients specified
in Table 1 unless an EN Standard exists for a particular component which allows the use of a lower safety
factor.
Table 1 — Safety factors for calculation purposes
Safety coefficients for material Safety coefficients for material
Loading conditions
with yield without yield
Load due to
1,5 minimum yield stress 2,0 min. breaking stress
differential pressure
Stress due to other loads
2,0 minimum yield stress 3,5 min. breaking stress
e.g. dead weight
When proof testing for permanent deformation, it shall be visually checked that no permanent deformation has
occurred under a test load of 1,10 times the maximum load anticipated during normal operation or specified
wind load differential pressure.
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It shall be additionally checked that the door stays in place under an ultimate failure load equal to 1,25 the
above test load. Under this ultimate failure load, permanent deformation shall be accepted.
5.2.3 Operability
Doors shall be designed so that elastic deformations under operational forces or torques which occur during
normal use do not affect the function and the safety of the door.
Due to safety requirements, the power of the drive may be restricted thus preventing the door from being
moved under windy conditions.
When operation under specified wind conditions is required, and when the safety is based on force limitation,
additional safety devices shall be used.
NOTE It is recommended that user instructions should contain a warning, stating that operation in windy conditions
can be dangerous.
5.2.4 Transparent surfaces
Transparent elements in leaves shall be so designed that they remain fully secured under normal operating
conditions.
In order to avoid occurrence of sharp splinters, cutting edges or other dangerous parts, the transparent
material shall comply with the requirements of class 3 of EN 12600:2002.
Compliance with class 3 of EN 12600:2002 can alternatively be demonstrated by using a test sample built into
a representative door leaf segment incorporating the transparent element(s) as defined in 5.3.1 of
prEN 12605:2005.
Door leaves, made primarily from transparent material without visible separations or with visible separations at
1,5 m or more, shall be coloured or have conspicuous markings on them to enable them to be seen by
persons who might otherwise collide with them. (see introduction).
These markings may be any shape which shall at least cover a circle of 0,1m repeated at maximum 1,0 m
intervals, and be positioned in a height of 0,8m to 1,5m above floor level.
5.3 Protection against unintentional and uncontrolled movements
5.3.1 Guides and end stops
The guides (and where appropriate the door leaf as well as any other moving part of a door system) shall be
designed and constructed in such a way that unintentional disengagement or derailment are prevented during
normal operation or in case of contact with stationary obstacle as described in EN 12605:2003, or in case of
failure of a suspension element.
The movement of the door leaf shall be limited by end stops, with buffering where necessary for energy
absorption. Elements of the construction such as the floor, a wall, a mullion, etc can be used as end stops.
5.3.2 Unintentional movements due to wind
Doors of a type where the leaf could move under the influence of a wind, related to the declared class of the
door or to class 2 in accordance with EN 12424 whichever is the minimum, shall incorporate means to prevent
such movement. These shall automatically be effective at the relevant terminal position(s).
Also, when a door is held in the closed position by a drive, it shall be checked that the door will not move if
subjected to the ultimate failure load.
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5.3.3 Uncontrolled movements of vertically operating doors
Vertically moving door leaves shall be designed in such a way that in normal use the door movement can be
stopped in any position.
NOTE Examples of acceptable features to stop the movement of power operated doors are:
— a self-sustaining gear which stops the door leaf and holds it firm in any position
or
— an operational braking system which automatically engages when the door movement is stopped in any position.
In absence of external forces, the door shall not move downwards in an uncontrolled manner.
For doors in the manual mode of operation, where a balancing system is applied which balances the door leaf
only in an intermediate or the fully open position, the out-of-balance state in the other positions should be
minimised as far as possible. Any resultant out-of-balance shall not produce a static force at the primary
closing edge of the door exceeding 150 N, when in the manual mode of operation.
Where uncontrolled movement of manual operated doors due to rope coming out of drums or pulleys more
than 300 mm can
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