SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 721 V1.1.2:2003
(Main)Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) - Strategies
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) - Strategies
The purpose and scope of this work item is to describe possible startegies for the evolution of fixed networks towards UMTS, with the aim to produce protocol requirements for other ETSI groups. The following issues should be covered by this work iitem: - Identification of evolutions scenarios; - Migration of the transport platform: Definition of networks/network components that need to be upgraded with UMTS capabilities, Interworking with legacy networks/network components. Signalling methods to be used in the evolving networks to ensure such interworking. Identification of requirements on transport technologies such as ATM and IP. - Introduction of wireless access networks in the fixed network. Interconnection of wireless access networks as specified by e.g. SMG2 and EP BRAN with fixed network evolved UMTS (e.g., ISDN, PSTN, IP, ATM). - Introduction of mobility-supporting capabilities in fixed networks. Options for implementing mobility in fixed network evolved UMTS (modified MAP, IN-based, mobile ATM). Reference document: EG NA 061301.
Univerzalni mobilni telekomunikacijski sistem (UMTS) - Strategije
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 721 V1.1.2:2003
01-november-2003
Univerzalni mobilni telekomunikacijski sistem (UMTS) - Strategije
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) - Strategies
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EG 201 721 Version 1.1.2
ICS:
33.070.50 Globalni sistem za mobilno Global System for Mobile
telekomunikacijo (GSM) Communication (GSM)
SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 721 V1.1.2:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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ETSI EG 201 721 V1.1.2 (2000-02)
ETSI Guide
Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS);
Strategies
UMTS
Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System
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2 ETSI EG 201 721 V1.1.2 (2000-02)
Reference
DEG/SPAN-061309
Keywords
ATM, IN, ISDN, PSTN, UMTS
ETSI
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© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2000.
All rights reserved.
ETSI
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3 ETSI EG 201 721 V1.1.2 (2000-02)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.4
Foreword .4
Introduction .4
1 Scope.5
2 References.5
3 Definitions and abbreviations .5
3.1 Definitions.5
3.2 Abbreviations .6
4 Generic requirements .7
4.1 General requirements for support of mobile multimedia services .7
4.2 Intelligent network capabilities.7
4.3 Quality of Service requirements .7
4.4 Features related to security and privacy .8
4.5 Cost-effective network.8
4.6 Requirements for packet networks .8
5 Access scenarios to UMTS .8
5.1 Scenario 1 - fixed terminal access .9
5.2 Scenarios 2 & 3 - roaming in private UMTS networks .10
5.3 Scenario 4 - support of private access systems.11
5.4 Scenario 5 - public cellular access to the fixed network.12
6 Evolution Scenarios .13
6.1 Starting Points .13
6.2 Starting point 1 - PSTN / POTS .13
6.3 Evolution scenario for starting point 1 .13
6.3.1 Starting point 2 - N-ISDN.14
6.4 Evolution scenario for starting point 2 .15
6.4.1 Starting point 3 - B-ISDN.15
6.5 Evolution scenario for starting point 3 .16
6.6 Addition of BRAN access .17
6.7 Internet access evolution .17
6.7.1 Mobility spanning IP and IN networks .20
6.8 Recommendations for standards development .21
6.8.1 Service aspects.21
6.8.2 System aspects .21
6.8.3 Radio aspects .21
6.8.4 Access aspects .21
6.8.5 Protocol aspects .21
Annex A (informative): Standardization committees of interest.22
History.23
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Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect
of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server
(http://www.etsi.org/ipr).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server)
which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This ETSI Guide (EG) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Services and Protocols for Advanced
Networks (SPAN).
Introduction
Broadband multimedia services, which can be accessed from fixed and mobile terminals, have considerable market
potential. International standards are being developed to provide for such services and several technologies will soon be
available. IMT-2 000 and UMTS requirements are the basis of a target network that will enable operators to offer such
multimedia services. UMTS, which will be operational in 2002, gives a time frame within which the evolution of fixed
networks could occur.
These developments offer opportunities and present challenges for fixed network operators. Systems capable of
supporting mobile multimedia services require very large investments. Customers will only invest in expensive terminals
if these offer attractive new services of the highest quality and at an acceptable price. Fixed network operators will have
to develop and evolve their core and access networks to meet these demands.
The present document provides scenarios for the evolution of fixed networks to UMTS. Several starting points based on
PSTN, N-ISDN and B-ISDN networks are being considered to support the different access options available for UMTS.
Recognizing the importance of the Internet Protocol (IP) in today's networks, this technology has been included in the
evolution strategies outlined in this document.
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1 Scope
The scope of the present document is to describe possible strategies for the evolution of fixed networks towards UMTS.
The following issues are covered by this document:
- Identification of access scenarios to UMTS.
- Definition of networks/network components that need to be upgraded with UMTS capabilities.
- Interworking with legacy networks / network components.
- Introduction of wireless access networks as specified by 3GPP RAN and EP BRAN and interconnection to the
fixednetwork(e.g.ISDN, PSTN,IP, ATM) evolvedtoUMTS.
- Introduction of mobility-supporting capabilities in fixed networks to facilitate global roaming within the
IMT-2 000 family of third generation systems.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies.
• A non-specific reference to an ETS shall also be taken to refer to later versions published as an EN with the same
number.
[1] EN 301 061-1: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Digital Subscriber Signalling System
No. one (DSS1) protocol; Generic functional protocol for the support of supplementary services at
the "b" service entry point for Virtual Private Network (VPN) applications; Part 1: Protocol
specification".
[2] ITU-T Recommendation H.323: "Packet based multimedia communications systems".
[3] ITU-T Recommendation T.120: "Data protocols for multimedia conferencing".
[4] EN 301 005-1: "V interfaces at the digital Service Node (SN); Interfaces at the VB5.1 reference
point for the support of broadband or combined narrowband and broadband Access Networks
(ANs); Part 1: Interface specification".
[5] EN 301 217-1: "V interfaces at the digital Service Node (SN); Interfaces at the VB5.2 reference
point for the support of broadband or combined narrowband and broadband Access Networks
(ANs); Part 1: Interface specification".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following definition applies:
fixed network: network that does not deploy the infrastructure (equipment and protocols) that is required for mobility
management. However, a fixed network may provide fixed wireless access to terminals or private networks. A fixed
network does not provide support for continuous mobility (i.e. handover)
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3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
3GPP RAN Third Generation Partnership Project - Radio Access Network
AAL2 ATM Adaptation Layer 2
ABR Available Bit Rate
ATM Abstract Test Method
B-ISDN Broadband-ISDN
BRAN Broadband Radio Access Networks
BS Base Station
BSS Base Station System
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CN Core Network
CT2 Cordless Telephone 2nd generation
DECT Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications
DSS1 Digital Signalling System number one
DSS2 Digital Signalling System number two
FT Fixed Terminal
GK Gatekeeper
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
GW Gateway
HLR Home Location Register
VLR Visitor Location Register
IMT-2 000 International Mobile Telecommunications for year 2000
IN Intelligent Network
INAP IN Application Protocol
IP Internet Protocol
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISP Internet Service Provider
ISUP ISDN User Part
IWU InterWorking Unit
LAN Local Area Network
MT Mobile Terminal
N-ISDN Narrowband Integrated Services Digital Network
NNI Network Node Interface
PDN Plesiochronous Digital Network
PHS Portable HandSet
PIG PSTN/Internet Gateway
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
Q-SIG Q Interface SignallinG protocol (ECMA standard)
QoS Quality of Service
RNC Radio Network Controller
SCF Selective Call Forwarding
SDF Service Data Function
TDD Time Division Duplex
TIPHON Telecommunications and Internet ProtocolHarmonization over Network
TUP Telephone User Part
UBR Unspecified Bit Rate
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
USIM UMTS Subscriber Identity Module
VBR Variable Bit Rate
WATM Wireless ATM
WWW World-Wide Web
xDSL generic Digital Subscriber Line technology
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4 Generic requirements
The target system shall provide a user access to broadband multimedia services from different access points and while
on the move. From these general user requirements, target network requirements can be derived.
The target system resulting from the fixed network evolution shall satisfy the requirements in the following subclauses.
4.1 General requirements for support of mobile multimedia
services
This subclause covers requirements related to Internet access and radio & network bearer capabilities. Fixed-evolved
UMTS will be required to:
- be compatible with the Internet Protocol;
- provide routeing capability based on IP version 4 and/or IP version 6;
- support a wide variety of services, including "push", "pull" and multicast-type services;
- provide packet mode bearers up to 2 Mbps;
- support of global mobility;
- support of terminal mobility, personal mobility and service portability;
- support roaming between UMTS and GSM;
- support global Roaming:
- UMTS aims to be compatible with IMT-2 000 systems, to provide global terminal mobility (e.g. to provide
access to the subscribers of various IMT-2 000 member networks), and to transparently provide all subscribed
home services to roaming IMT-2 000 users;
- UMTS aims to be inter-operable with all IMT-2 000 Family members in order to offer the global roaming
capability to its users roaming in other IMT-2 000 networks. Therefore, UMTS standards need to be common
to the maximum extent possible with the standards of other IMT-2 000 Family members;
- the UMTS inter-operability with other IMT-2 000 networks is to be implemented via an inter-working
function in the short term leading towards the development of a common NNI in the long-term.
4.2 Intelligent network capabilities
- Support of rapid service creation and introduction;
- Support of Virtual Home Environment (VHE) i.e. operator specific services.
4.3 Quality of Service requirements
- Speech quality comparable to fixed network;
- High quality audio, data, image, and video;
- Selection of QoS classes / parameters required by users' applications;
- QoS indication/negotiation (CBR, VBR, ABR, UBR).
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4.4 Features related to security and privacy
- Protection from impersonation (authentication);
- Protection of user and service profile from malicious attacks;
- Privacy of communications (encryption of user data);
- Location privacy.
4.5 Cost-effective network
- Support of a multivendor environment based on open (standard) interfaces;
- Effective use of transmission facility:
- ATM technology as one possible candidate:
- ATM switching system;
- AAL2 for efficient use of resources for low bandwidth applications;
- circuit and packet switching capabilities on the same ATM platform.
- Support of a broad range of applications;
- Cellular, Wireless IP, WATM, …;
- IP technology as a further possible candidate.
4.6 Requirements for packet networks
Packet based networks as part of the fixed network evolved UMTS should provide the following capabilities:
- Wideareaand largescale;
- Efficient use of radio and network resources;
- Mobile multimedia capabilities:
- High Speed;
- Support of point to point, point to multipoint, broadcast connections;
- Support of QoS.
- To provide IP based applications (e.g. e-mail, WWW, …)
Support of fixed and / or dynamic IP addresses.
5 Access scenarios to UMTS
Fixed network operators will have a variety of options at their disposal for providing customers access to UMTS
services. These options are identified as access scenarios in this clause, and may have different implications on the
protocol requirements at the user-network interface.
The basis for the description of these access scenarios is Figure 1, which identifies different system / network domains in
UMTS.
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These scenarios are:
- fixed Terminal Access;
- fixed Access Roaming in Private Networks;
- radio Access Roaming in Private Networks;
- support of Private Access Systems;
- public Cellular Access to the Fixed Network.
USIM
Access via
fixed terminal
1
Mobility
Core (UMTS)
Applications
Network
2
Private UMTS
network
Public cellular
access
5
3
CPE
4
Fixed lines
(e.g., POTS, ISDN, T1/E1, …)
Figure 1: Implementation of the different access scenarios
5.1 Scenario 1 - fixed terminal access
In this scenario, USIM roaming is assumed, i.e. the only type of mobility supported is personal mobility. This scenario
can be accomplished by providing a wired terminal with a USIM. This arrangement would be beneficial when the user:
- is out of range of public UMTS radio coverage;
- only requires terminal transportability, thus releasing UMTS radio capacity for other users;
- needs higher data rates than supported by UMTS radio access.
The support of UMTS capabilities on fixed terminals (including support of discrete mobility between UMTS-capable
fixed terminals) offers opportunities both in the business and residential user environment.
In a residential environment, this scenario allows a UMTS user (more specifically the USIM) to roam between wired
terminals giving the user same support of his service profile on these terminals. This scenario takes advantage of the
network operator's significant investment in the access network.
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In a business user environment, this scenario allows a corporate UMTS user (the USIM) to roam between wired
terminals located in a business or residential environment. This scenario gives the user the same support of his service
profile on each terminal. It takes advantage of the business's investment in the access and switching infrastructure. The
expedient solution for UMTS phase 1 (circa 2002) may be based on private network standards (e.g. evolution of
Q-SIG).
5.2 Scenarios 2 & 3 - roaming in private UMTS networks
These scenarios involve customers owning and operating their own UMTS core networks. These self-contained systems
will interwork with other private and public UMTS core networks, and typically will operate in licence exempt
spectrum. These systems should provide a home network capability for internal users across multiple, possibly isolated,
sites to enable users to access the same services when roaming within the private network. Such networks will typically
be used by organizations with large industrial sites or office complexes.
Private Networks involve the implementation of UMTS Core Network (CN) functionality. This allows customers to own
and operate their own UMTS core and radio access network within their own premises.
Private Networks require an extension of the SMG UMTS Model to include an additional interface between the private
network and the access network of the public network. This is included in the SPAN UMTS Task Force extension of the
SMG UMTS Model as another use of the Wu Interface, this time between the Access Network Domain and the Private
Network Domain (see Figure 4). However, the use of this interface is quite different from that of the Private Access
System.
In order to understand the standards implications of the private networks, it is necessary to consider the next level of
detail of the Private Network Domain. This is illustrated in Figure 2 which shows how a Private Network is made up of
a number of BSs which serve the Uu interface and are connected to and controlled by an RNC. The RNCs are connected
to the CN which provides the connection to the Access Network via the Wu Interface. The simplest private network may
include the functionality of the BS, RNC and CN within a single physical entity. It is not clear whether or not interfaces
within the private network (i.e. between the BS and RNC and between the RNC and CN) should be specified.
Wu
Uu
Private
BS
RNC
CN
BS
BS
RNC
CN
BS
TE
Private Network Domain
Figure 2: The private network domain
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As with private access systems, it is not known whether there is any specification work being pursued on the network
aspects of UMTS Private Networks. However, much of what has been done for wireless/cordless terminal mobility in
private networks (CT2, DECT and PHS) in ETSI, ECMA TC32, and ISO/IEC JTC1 may apply.
In general, private networks will have their own service provision capability for their internal users. Private networks
may also provide access for visiting users from other private or public networks. Private network registered users could
also roam into other private or public networks. Therefore, the interworking over the Wu Interface between the Core
Network Domain and the Private Network Domain will be similar to that between different UMTS public CNs.
To interconnect with public networks, private networks may need to share the same public network termination point
with other terminal equipment / services (the TE in Figure 2). This will be particularly important for small business
installations where a single connection to the public network may need to be shared with other non-UMTS services.
5.3 Scenario 4 - support of private access systems
This scenario involves customers owning and operating their own UMTS radio access network within their premises.
These systems will operate in licence exempt spectrum and will be connected to a public UMTS core network. This
arrangement would be beneficial when the user:
- is out of range of public UMTS radio coverage;
- requires access to UMTS services in the residential environment.
Functions of the core network include authentication, support of service profiles, network interconnect and traffic
routeing. Applications will range from residential use to private organizations such as universities and conference
centres.
The implementation of this scenario requires an extension of the SMG UMTS Model to include an additional interface
between the access network of the public network and the private access system. This is included in the current NA6
WG SPAN6 UMTS Task Force extension of the SMG UMTS model as the Wu interface between the Access Network
Domain and the Private Access Domain, see Figure 4. In order to understand the standards implications of private
access systems, it is necessary to consider the next level of detail of the Private Access Domain, see Figure 4. This
Figure shows how the Private Access System is made up of a number of BSs which serve the Uu interface and are
connected to and controlled by an RNC which provides the connection to the access network via the Wu interface. (Note
that the RNC here may not need the full functionality required in public access systems).
Uu Wu
Private Access System
BS
(TDD)
RNC
TE
BS
(TDD)
Private Access Domain
Figure 3: The private access domain
Note that, in order to interconnect with public networks, private access systems may need to share the same public
network termination point with other terminal equipment / services (the TE in Figure 3). This will be particularly
important for residential and small business installations where a single connection to the public network may need to be
shared with other non-UMTS services. The simplest private access system will include the functionality of the BS and
RNC within a single physical entity (which could be applicable to the residential user scenario).
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5.4 Scenario 5 - public cellular access to the fixed network
Only one service scenario is considered. A PNO with an existing fixed network has obtained a licence for UMTS
spectrum and wishes to introduce a public wide-area UMTS cellular network.
In this scenario, special considerations in the access network domain are not required. The addition of UMTS mobility
management capabilities in the fixed network needs to be considered.
Interfaces between individual domains, as identified in Figure 4 shall be open and thus require standardization. The
identification of further interfaces between sub-components within individual domains is out of the scope of this
document.
The interface between the access network domain and the core network domain is the Iu interface being specified by
3GPP. The interface between the mobile equipment domain and the access network domain is the Uu interface being
specified by 3GPP.
Figure 1 introduces a new reference point Wu, which takes into account the possibility that only a subset of the features
specified by the Iu interface might be required.
The physical implementation of the different access scenarios is illustrated in Figure 1.
Cu [Wu] [Wu]
1
2
Third Party
Application
Fixed/ Domain
Uu
Portable
3
Equipment
[Xu]
Domain
Home
Private Network
Network
Domain
Domain
[Zu]
USIM
Domain
[Yu]
Iu
4
Private
Mobile Serving Transit
Access
Equipment Network Network
Network
Domain
Domain Domain
Domain
5
Access Network Domain
Core Network Domain
Customer Premises Infrastructure Domain
User Equipment Domain
Equipment Domain
NOTE: The domains identified in the Figure will generally result from an evolution of existing network
infrastructures. The core network domain may result from evolutions of existing network infrastructures,
e.g. a GSM infrastructure, an N-ISDN infrastructure, a B-ISDN infrastructure or a PDN infrastructure. The
evolution of these infrastructures may be performed via the use of IWUs, hidden within the domains
shown in the Figure.
Figure 4: Additional reference points for fixed and cordless access to public
and private networks
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6 Evolution Scenarios
6.1 Starting Points
Three different types of fixed networks have been selected as starting points for the network evolution scenarios towards
a target core network supporting broadband services and mobility. The selected starting points are considered to
represent the most common public fixed network types.
6.2 Starting point 1 - PSTN /
...
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