CEN/TC 224/WG 19 - Breeder Documents

This document specifies the abstract data model for breeder document data and the specific encodings of this abstract data model used in the CEN breeder document framework.
The abstract data model is a semantic description of the birth, marriage / partnership, and death certificate data, independently from their specific encoding. This abstract data model is extensible for further standardized and proprietary data of birth, marriage / partnership, and death certificates as well as for other types of breeder documents.
This abstract data model is technology agnostic, i.e. it is applicable for paper-based, server-based, and hardware-based breeder documents as well as further breeder document designs and technologies.
The specific encodings of this abstract data model comprise the encodings to be used for the machine readable technologies specified in part 3 of the framework as well as the encoding of human readable breeder document data. These encodings are used in the birth, marriage / partnership, and death certificate profiles specified in part 4 of the framework.

This document provides an overview of a framework on breeder documents. It introduces the document structure of CEN/TS 17489 (all parts) that specifies how citizens retain the control of breeder document data and how they can use them to support identity proofing and verification. Moreover, the framework provides methodologies to assess and increase the level of trust in breeder documents.
This framework specifies methods for:
-   defining physical and logical/digital representations of a secure breeder document (hardware based, paper-based, server-based),
-   securing breeder document processes,
-   linking the document to its legitimate holder.
The following types of breeder documents are in the scope of the framework:
-   birth certificates,
-   marriage and partnership certificates,
-   death certificates.
The following breeder documents management processes including first-time application, later-in-life registration of an identity, and content update (e.g. name-changing) are in the scope of this framework:
-   registration,
-   issuance,
-   renewal,
-   inspection/verification,
-   revocation.
The specification of policies is out of scope.

1.1   Objective
This document is intended for the use of breeder document issuing authorities both policymakers and technical, for having uniform formats that conform to printed as well as digital requirements of CEN member and associated states (including EU member states).
The objectives are:
a)   provision of a common set of formats of breeder documents – printed and digital to be implemented by CEN member and associated states (including EU member states), with the extended objective of their acceptance internationally;
b)   the focus is on having common recognizable formats as well as prevention of identity fraud, particularly related to the use of breeder documents to obtain national and international ID documents, such as passports, and residence permits.
1.2   Human dimension of identity management
Each country’s identity management system also provides a framework for observing and protecting many of the human rights embodied in international declarations and conventions. Depending on the provisions in place, the system can ensure that citizens can exercise a wide range of rights, such as rights to property, privacy, freedom of movement and free choice of place of residence, as well as access to social services such as education, healthcare and social security. In states with more advanced technological infrastructure, population registration provides the basis for the establishment of a number of citizen-oriented computerized services, also known as e-services and e-government. Identity management is also central to prevention of discrimination in exercising guaranteed rights.
The identity management infrastructure provides the backbone for a functioning and viable state by securing civil, population and tax registers, as well other systems such as healthcare benefits, voter lists and the issuance of travel and identity documents based on verifiable identities. Such flaws may become visible during elections, where shortcomings in voter lists can affect confidence in the election process. In essence, a secure identity management system can be seen as the foundation, a root level, that is able to then feed into and help numerous other branches of key state services function effectively and accurately (OSCE, 2017, p.13) [27].
1.3   Security dimension of identity management
One of the key elements of a secure environment for cross-border travel is that the travel documents used by visitors meet international standards in terms of security of the document itself and security in that the document reflects the genuine identity of its holder. Similarly, the systems for issuing travel documents need to be linked to identity management systems to streamline decision-making processes, preferably through modernized systems that reflect developments in document security technology. As entries in registers or officially issued identification documents provide access to specific services, criminal networks are constantly looking for possible gaps in identity management systems to obtain genuine documents under fabricated or stolen identities. Documents obtained as result of gaps in identity management have enabled criminals to target business entities and cause significant financial losses through the use of genuine documents issued to non-existent identities (OSCE, 2017, p.14) [27].
Both legal and illegal immigration breeder docs are regularly used to determine an identity if no MRTD or eMRTD is presented. An identity which will be printed on an eRP, Foreigners ppt, Refugees travel doc etc. unless other supportive evidence of identity is provided.
Organized crime has not overlooked this and fraudulently obtained or falsified travel documents are regularly presented to hide the true identity.
Since a significant portion of the world’s population cannot reliably prove their identity, they rely on verbally presented identities and/or supportive breeder documents when registering in another country.
Asylum applicants who...