ISO/TC 61/SC 10/WG 11 - Physical and chemical properties

This document specifies a procedure of determining the shear strength of rigid cellular plastics. It also provides for the determination of shear modulus and shear strain.

ISO 844:2014 specifies a method of determining a) the compressive strength and corresponding relative deformation, or b) the compressive stress at 10 % relative deformation, and c) when desired, the compressive modulus of rigid cellular plastics. There are two procedures: - Procedure A employs crosshead motion for determination of compressive properties. Procedure A is intended to be used when compressive stress at 10 % relative deformation has to be determined. - Procedure B employs strain measuring devices mounted on the specimen (contact extensometer) or similar device which measures directly sample deformation. Procedure B is intended to be used when compressive modulus has to be determined.

ISO 1926:2009 specifies a method of determining the behaviour of rigid cellular plastics materials when they are subjected to a tensile stress. It applies primarily to cellular materials having a compression resistance sufficient to permit suitable gripping of the test specimens. If it is impossible to grip the test specimen, the method is modified so that the ends of the specimen are reinforced with metal plates.

ISO 1209-1:2007 specifies a simple method for assessing the behaviour of a bar of rigid cellular plastic under the action of three-point bending. It may be used to determine either the load for a specified deformation or the load at break. The version of the method specified uses small test specimens and does not produce pure bending. Hence it does not permit the calculation of the flexural strength or the apparent flexural modulus (modulus of elasticity). The user is referred to ISO 1209-2 for the determination of these parameters. The method is not applicable to cellular plastics in which significant crushing is observed. Numerical values should be compared only when determined on materials of similar physical properties and dimensions. The method is limited to materials of 20 mm thickness or greater.

ISO 1209-2:2007 specifies a method for determining the flexural strength and the apparent flexural modulus of elasticity of rigid cellular plastics.

ISO 845:2006 specifies a method for determining the apparent overall density and the apparent core density of cellular plastics and rubbers. If the material to be tested includes skins formed during a moulding/extrusion, the apparent overall density or the apparent core density, or both, can be determined. If the material does not have skins formed during moulding, the term "overall density" is not applicable.

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the mass loss of rigid cellular plastics as a result of a combination of abrasion and impact produced by a laboratory tumbling mechanism.

Specifies a method for the determination of compressive creep of rigid cellular plastics under specified conditions of load, temperature and time. Test specimes in form or rectangular parallelepipeds are placed between two flat plates and the specified load is applied a) at standard conditions and b) at agreed conditions of temperture and time. The difference in compressive deformation of the loaded specimen at standard atmospheric conditions and at elevated temperature shall be calculated.

Determination of the changes of linear dimensions which occur when the test specimens (100 mm x 100 mm x 25 mm) have been subjected to specified environments for a definite period of time and reconditioned. The method suggests a range of conditions of temperature and humidity, from which one or more of the desired test conditions can be selected.

Specifies a method for the determination of compressive creep of rigid cellular plastics under specified conditions of load, temperature, relative humidity and time. Test specimes in form or rectangular parallelepipeds are placed between two flat plates and the specified load is applied as follows: procedure A) at standard conditions and procedure B) at agreed conditions of temperture and time. The difference in compressive deformation of the loaded specimen at standard atmospheric conditions and at elevated temperature after specified time shall be calculated.

Specification of the characteristics and the choice of the measuring equipment and procedure for determination of the linear dimensions of sheets, blocks or test specimens of ceelular material (flexible and rigid). Depending on the range of the dimensions to be measured different measuring instruments are recommended.

ISO 1922:2012 specifies a method of determining the shear strength of rigid cellular plastics. It also provides for the optional determination of shear modulus.

ISO 844:2007 specifies a method of determining a) the compressive strength and corresponding relative deformation or b) the compressive stress at 10 % relative deformation and c) when desired, the compressive modulus of rigid cellular plastics.

ISO 1926:2005 specifies a method of determining the behaviour of rigid cellular plastics materials when they are subjected to a tensile stress. It applies primarily to cellular materials having a compression resistance sufficient to permit suitable gripping of the test specimens. If it is impossible to grip the test specimen, the method is modified so that the ends of the specimen are reinforced with metal plates.

ISO 1209-1:2004 specifies a simple method for assessing the behaviour of a bar of rigid cellular plastic under the action of three-point bending. It may be used to determine either the load for a specified deformation or the load at break. The version of the method specified uses small test specimens and does not produce pure bending. Hence it does not permit the calculation of the flexural strength or the apparent flexural modulus (modulus of elasticity). The user is referred to ISO 1209-2 for the determination of these parameters. The method is not applicable to cellular plastics in which significant crushing is observed. Numerical values should be compared only when determined on materials of similar physical properties and dimensions. The method is limited to materials of 20 mm thickness or greater.

ISO 1209-2:2004 specifies a method for determining the flexural strength and the apparent flexural modulus of elasticity of rigid cellular plastics.

ISO 844:2004 specifies a method of determining a) the compressive strength and corresponding relative deformation or b) the compressive stress at 10 % relative deformation and c) when desired, the compressive modulus of rigid cellular plastics.

This International Standard specifies a general procedure for the determination of the volume percentage of open and of closed cells of rigid cellular plastics, by measurement first of the geometrical volume and then of the air-impenetrable volume of test specimens. The procedure includes the correction of the apparent open-cell volume by taking into account the surface cells opened by cutting during specimen preparation. Two alternative methods (method 1 and method 2), and corresponding apparatus, are specified for the measurement of the impenetrable volume. The results obtained from method 2 are intended to be used for comparison purposes only.

Specifies a method of test for determining the flexural strength and the apparent flexural modulus of elasticity of rigid cellular plastics. A load is applied at a uniform rate by means of a cylindrical loading edge to a test specimen supported at two positions. The load is applied perpendicularly to the specimen at a position midway between the supporting positions. The values of the load and the deformation are recorded. The flexural properties are calculated from these values. A universal mechanical-testing machine is used for the test. Cancels and replaces ISO 1209:1976.

Specifies a method of test for assessing the behaviour of a bar of rigid cellular plastic under the action of three-point bending. It may be used to determine either the load for a specified deformation or the load at break. The method is not applicable to brittle cellular plastics and is limited to materials of 20 mm thickness or greater. A load is applied at a uniform rate by means of a loading edge to a test specimen supported at two positions. The load is applied perpendicularly in the middle between the two positions. The load at a specified deflection or at break is recorded. Cancels and replaces ISO 1209:1976.

Specifies a general method ba measurement first of geometrical volume and of the air impenetrable volume of test specimens. This method provides for correcting the apparent open cell volume by taking into account the surface cell opened by cutting during specimen preparation. Two alternative methods and corresponding apparatus are specified for the measurement of the impenetrable volume. The results are to be used for comparison purposes only.

The method is based on the application of a shear stress to a test specimen of defined shape by means of metal supports bonded to the specimen. The adhesive used to fix the metal supports to the test specimen shall be such that shear strength and modulus of the adhesive film are significantly greater than that of the cellular material under test.