M/315 - Animal feedingstuffs

This part of ISO 16634 specifies a method for the determinatio n of the total nitrogen content and the calculation of crude p rotein content of oilseeds and animal feeding stuffs. This met hod, like the Kjeldahl method, does not distinguish between pr otein nitrogen and non-protein nitrogen. For the calculation o f protein content, various conversion factors are used (see An nex D).

ISO 16634-1:2008 specifies a method for the determination of the total nitrogen content and the calculation of crude protein content of oilseeds and animal feeding stuffs.
This method, like the Kjeldahl method, does not distinguish between protein nitrogen and non-protein nitrogen. For the calculation of protein content, various conversion factors are used.
This method is not applicable to milk and milk products.

This Technical Specification describes the quantitative determination of specific sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, and lactose) in dry animal feeding stuffs at the g/kg level by a sophisticated high performance anion exchange chromatography in combination with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD).

This Technical Specification describes the quantitative determination of specific sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, and lactose) in dry animal feeding stuffs at the g/kg level by a sophisticated high performance anion exchange chromatography in combination with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD).

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of aflatoxin B1 in animal feeding stuffs using high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization. It is applicable to animal feeding stuffs with a fat content of up to 50 %. The limit of quantification of this method has been demonstrated to be better than 0,5 ug/kg for aflatoxin B1 for a signal-to-noise ratio of 6.

ISO 17375:2006 specifies a method for the determination of aflatoxin B1 in animal feeding stuffs using high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization.
It is applicable to animal feeding stuffs with a fat content of up to 50 %.
The limit of quantification of this method has been demonstrated to be better than 0,5 g/kg for aflatoxin B1 for a signal-to-noise ratio of 6.

ISO 15914:2004 specifies a method for the enzymatic determination of the total starch content of animal feeding stuffs and raw materials for animal feeding stuffs.
The method is also applicable to the determination of starch in starch.
It is important that in the sample matrix no components are present which contribute to the measured extinction at 340 nm.
The analytical range of the method is 40 g/kg to 1 000 g/kg starch. The standard procedure is applicable to the range 200 g/kg to 1000 g/kg. For the lower range, 40 g/kg to 200 g/kg, another dilution procedure for the standard glucose solution and samples can be used.

ISO 6497:2002 specifies methods of sampling animal feeding stuffs, including fish feed, for quality control for commercial, technical and legal purposes.
It is not applicable to pet foods. Nor are the methods intended for sampling for the purpose of microbiological examination. Conditions of, and requirements for, sampling are specified separately for feeding stuffs of different physical natures.
For certain categories of animal feeding stuff, specific methods of sampling are specified in other International Standards. A list of these can be found in the bibliography. When sampling the products specified, it is these methods which shall be used.
Methods of sampling for the determination of substances likely to be non-uniformly distributed are described in an annex.

ISO 15914:2004 specifies a method for the enzymatic determination of the total starch content of animal feeding stuffs and raw materials for animal feeding stuffs.
The method is also applicable to the determination of starch in starch.
It is important that in the sample matrix no components are present which contribute to the measured extinction at 340 nm.
The analytical range of the method is 40 g/kg to 1 000 g/kg starch. The standard procedure is applicable to the range 200 g/kg to 1000 g/kg. For the lower range, 40 g/kg to 200 g/kg, another dilution procedure for the standard glucose solution and samples can be used.

ISO 6497:2002 specifies methods of sampling animal feeding stuffs, including fish feed, for quality control for commercial, technical and legal purposes.
It is not applicable to pet foods. Nor are the methods intended for sampling for the purpose of microbiological examination. Conditions of, and requirements for, sampling are specified separately for feeding stuffs of different physical natures.
For certain categories of animal feeding stuff, specific methods of sampling are specified in other International Standards. A list of these can be found in the bibliography. When sampling the products specified, it is these methods which shall be used.
Methods of sampling for the determination of substances likely to be non-uniformly distributed are described in an annex.

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TC forecast updated (TC forecast updating exercise. sj 00-10-30)++

This European Standard specifies a gas chromatographic method with electron capture detection (ECD) for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OC’s) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs.
The method is applicable to animal feeding stuffs with a water content up to about 20 wt% and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OC’s, PCBs, toxaphene and some of their isomers and degradation products:
-   Aldrin;
-   Dieldrin;
-   Chlorocamphene (Toxaphene);
-   Chlordane (= sum of Chlordane isomers and Oxychlordane);
-   DDT (= sum of isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE);
-   Endosulfan (sum of -/-isomers and Endosulphanesulphate);
-   Endrin;
-   Heptachlor (= sum of Heptachlor and -Heptachlorepoxide);
-   Hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
-   Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers -HCH (-BHC), -HCH (-BHC), γ-HCH (γ-BHC or lindane);
-   PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180 (“Indicator PCBs”) and PCB 198, 209.
The limit of quantification for the mentioned organochlorine pesticides and PCBs is 5 ng/g in general. However, 10 ng/g applies for Heptachlor, Aldrin, Endrin, Dieldrin, and Endosulfan (-, - and sulphate). Individual laboratories are responsible to ensure that the equipment they used will achieve these limits of quantifications.

This European Standard specifies a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OC’s) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs and oil.
The method is applicable to animal feeding stuffs with a water content up to about 20 wt% and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OC’s and PCBs and some of their isomers and degradation products:
   Aldrin;
   Dieldrin;
   Chlordane (= sum of Chlordane isomers and Oxychlordane);
   DDT (= sum of isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE);
   Endosulfan (sum of -/-isomers and Endosulphanesulphate);
   Endrin;
   Heptachlor (= sum of Heptachlor and -Heptachlorepoxide);
   Hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
   Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers -HCH (-BHC), -HCH (-BHC), -HCH (-BHC or lindane);
   PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180 (“Indicator PCBs”) and PCB-198, 209.
The method is not yet applicable to Chlorocamphene (Toxaphene), a complex mixture of polychlorinated camphenes. Chlorocamphene has a very distinctive chromatographic profile and is easily recognisable by GC/ECD. Positive identification of the toxaphene isomers can be performed by negative chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (NCI-MS), electron impact tandem mass spectrometry (EI-MSxMS) or electron impact high resolution mass spectrometry (EI-HRMS) [1], which is not within the scope of this method.
The limit of quantification for the mentioned organochlorine pesticides and PCBs is 5 ng/g in general. However, 10 ng/g applies for Heptachlor Aldrin, Endrin, Dieldrin, and Endosulfan (-, - and sulphate). Individual laboratories are responsible to ensure that the equipment they used will achieve these limits of quantifications.

This European Standard specifies a gas chromatographic method with electron capture detection (ECD) for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OC’s) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs.
The method is applicable to animal feeding stuffs with a water content up to about 20 wt% and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OC’s, PCBs, toxaphene and some of their isomers and degradation products:
-   Aldrin;
-   Dieldrin;
-   Chlorocamphene (Toxaphene);
-   Chlordane (= sum of Chlordane isomers and Oxychlordane);
-   DDT (= sum of isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE);
-   Endosulfan (sum of -/-isomers and Endosulphanesulphate);
-   Endrin;
-   Heptachlor (= sum of Heptachlor and -Heptachlorepoxide);
-   Hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
-   Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers -HCH (-BHC), -HCH (-BHC), γ-HCH (γ-BHC or lindane);
-   PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180 (“Indicator PCBs”) and PCB 198, 209.
The limit of quantification for the mentioned organochlorine pesticides and PCBs is 5 ng/g in general. However, 10 ng/g applies for Heptachlor, Aldrin, Endrin, Dieldrin, and Endosulfan (-, - and sulphate). Individual laboratories are responsible to ensure that the equipment they used will achieve these limits of quantifications.

This European Standard specifies a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OC’s) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in animal feeding stuffs and oil.
The method is applicable to animal feeding stuffs with a water content up to about 20 wt% and oil/fatty samples containing residues of one or more of the following OC’s and PCBs and some of their isomers and degradation products:
   Aldrin;
   Dieldrin;
   Chlordane (= sum of Chlordane isomers and Oxychlordane);
   DDT (= sum of isomers op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, pp'-TDE (pp'-DDD), and pp'-DDE);
   Endosulfan (sum of -/-isomers and Endosulphanesulphate);
   Endrin;
   Heptachlor (= sum of Heptachlor and -Heptachlorepoxide);
   Hexachlorobenzene (HCB);
   Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers -HCH (-BHC), -HCH (-BHC), -HCH (-BHC or lindane);
   PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180 (“Indicator PCBs”) and PCB-198, 209.
The method is not yet applicable to Chlorocamphene (Toxaphene), a complex mixture of polychlorinated camphenes. Chlorocamphene has a very distinctive chromatographic profile and is easily recognisable by GC/ECD. Positive identification of the toxaphene isomers can be performed by negative chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (NCI-MS), electron impact tandem mass spectrometry (EI-MSxMS) or electron impact high resolution mass spectrometry (EI-HRMS) [1], which is not within the scope of this method.
The limit of quantification for the mentioned organochlorine pesticides and PCBs is 5 ng/g in general. However, 10 ng/g applies for Heptachlor Aldrin, Endrin, Dieldrin, and Endosulfan (-, - and sulphate). Individual laboratories are responsible to ensure that the equipment they used will achieve these limits of quantifications.

This European Standard specifies inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) method for the determination of:
-   minerals calcium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium and the elements iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum in animal feeding stuffs,
-   elements arsenic, lead and cadmium in minerals on their own, in pre-mixtures or mixtures for use in animal nutrition.
The method detection limit for each element is dependent on the sample matrix as well as of the instrument. The method is not applicable for determination of low concentrations of elements. The limit of quantification should be 3 mg/kg or lower.
NOTE   This method can also be used for the determination of minerals in products with high mineral content (> 5%), yet for this purpose, other more precise analytical techniques are available.

This European Standard specifies inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) method for the determination of:
-   minerals calcium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium and the elements iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum in animal feeding stuffs,
-   elements arsenic, lead and cadmium in minerals on their own, in pre-mixtures or mixtures for use in animal nutrition.
The method detection limit for each element is dependent on the sample matrix as well as of the instrument. The method is not applicable for determination of low concentrations of elements. The limit of quantification should be 3 mg/kg or lower.
NOTE   This method can also be used for the determination of minerals in products with high mineral content (> 5%), yet for this purpose, other more precise analytical techniques are available.