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ASTM B816-00

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Zinc Mechanically Deposited

Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Zinc Mechanically Deposited

SCOPE
1.1  General—This specification covers the requirements for a coating that is a mixture of cadmium and zinc deposited on metallic products by mechanical deposition. The coating is provided in four thickness classes (see Table 1) and several finish types (see Table 2).
1.2  Toxicity—Warning: Cadmium is toxic; therefore these coatings should not be used on articles that will contact food or beverages, or for dental and other equipment that may be inserted into the mouth. Also, the coatings should not be used on articles that will be heated to high temperatures, because cadmium will form toxic fumes. Similarly, if coated articles are welded, soldered, or otherwise heated during fabrication, adequate ventilation should be provided to exhaust toxic fumes.
1.3 Similar Documents—Other kinds of mechanically deposited coatings are covered by Specifications B635, B695, and B696.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-2000
ICS
25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
Technical Committee
B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
Drafting Committee
B08.06 - Soft Metals
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM B816-00(2004)e1 - Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Zinc Mechanically Deposited
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000

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ASTM B816-00 - Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Zinc Mechanically Deposited
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 816 – 00
Standard Specification for
1
Coatings of Cadmium-Zinc Mechanically Deposited
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 816; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 Thickness Classes
1. Scope
Coating
1.1 General—This specification covers the requirements for
Class Thickness Typical Applications
a coating that is a mixture of cadmium and zinc deposited on
Minimum, μm
metallic products by mechanical deposition. The coating is
7 7 Automotive fasteners
provided in four thickness classes (see Table 1) and several
12 12 Increased corrosion resistance (for ex-
ample, bellville washers)
finish types (see Table 2).
25 25 Exterior hardware
1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Cadmium is toxic; therefore these
50 50 Pole line hardware in severe envi-
coatings should not be used on articles that will contact food or
ronments
beverages, or for dental and other equipment that may be
inserted into the mouth. Also, the coatings should not be used
on articles that will be heated to high temperatures, because
B 487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide
cadmium will form toxic fumes. Similarly, if coated articles are
Coating Thicknesses by Microscopical Examination of a
3
welded, soldered, or otherwise heated during fabrication,
Cross Section
adequate ventilation should be provided to exhaust toxic
B 499 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thick-
fumes.
nesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on
3
1.3 Similar Documents—Other kinds of mechanically de-
Magnetic Basis Metals
3
posited coatings are covered by Specifications B 635, B 695,
B 571 Test Methods for Adhesion of Metallic Coatings
and B 696.
B 602 Test Method for Attribute Sampling of Metallic and
3
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
Inorganic Coatings
test method portion, Section 9, of this specification. This
B 635 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Tin Me-
3
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
chanically Deposited on Iron and Steel
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
B 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically
3
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Deposited on Iron and Steel
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
B 696 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically
tions prior to use. 3
Deposited
B 697 Guide for Selection of Sampling Plans for Inspection
2. Referenced Documents
3
of Electrodeposited Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
B 117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
B 183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for
TABLE 2 Coating Types
3
Electroplating
Type Description Typical Applications
B 242 Practice for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for
3
I As-coated, without supplemen- Lowest cost where white corro-
Electroplating
ary treatments. ion products are acceptable.
B 320 Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-
For elevated temperature ap-
3
plating lication that will degrade
3
Type II coatings (see 1.2).
B 322 Practice for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
IIa With yellow to bronze color sup- Delay the appearance of white
3
B 374 Terminology Relating to Electroplating
lementary chromate coating. corrosion products. Increase
total corrosion protection.
IIb With brown to olive drab color Greater corrosion resistances
supplementary chromate than IIa. To provide a match
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-8 on
coating. to military equipment.
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
IIc Type IIa, dyed. Color coding
B08.08.04 on Light Metals.
Decorative purposes
Current edition approved March 10, 2000. Published May 2000. Originally
IId Type IIa with an added lubricant Lubricity
published as B 816–91. Last previous edition B 816–91(1997).
or organic finish (oil, wax, lac- Maximum corrosion resistance
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02. uer, etc.)
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B 816
B 762 Method of Variables Sampling of Metallic and Inor- 5.1.7 The sampling plan to be used (see 8.1) and responsi-
3
ganic Coatings bility for inspection (see section 13.1).
E 27 Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Zinc and Zinc
4
6. Significance and Use
Alloys by the Solution-Residue Technique
5
E 396 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium
6.1
...

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Approximate Hardness (HK25)  
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Platinum  
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Palladium-Nickel  
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4.1 The thickness of a metal coating is often critical to its performance.  
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1.1 This guide covers the use of the dropping test to measure the thickness of electrodeposited zinc, cadmium, copper, and tin coatings.  
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This specification covers the requirements for electroplated nickel coatings applied to metal products for engineering applications (for example, for use as a buildup for mismachined or worn parts), for electronics applications (including as underplates in contacts or interconnections), and in certain joining applications. Coatings shall be available in any one of the following types: Type 1, coatings electroplated from solutions not containing hardeners, brighteners, or stress control additives; Type 2, electrodeposits used at moderate temperatures, and contain sulfur or other codeposited elements or compounds that are present to increase the hardness, refine grain structure, or control internal stress; and Type 3, electroplates containing dispersed submicron particles such as silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, and aluminum oxide that are present to increase hardness and wear resistance at specified temperatures. Metal parts shall undergo pre- and post-coating treatments to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement, and peening. Coatings shall be sampled, tested, and conform accordingly to specified requirements as to appearance, thickness (measured either destructively by microscopical or coulometric method, or nondestructively by magnetic or X-ray method), adhesion (examined either by bend, file, heat and quench, or push test), porosity (assessed either by hot water, ferroxyl, or flowers of sulfur test), workmanship, and hydrogen embrittlement relief.
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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electroplated nickel coatings applied to metal products for engineering applications, for example, for use as a buildup for mismachined or worn parts, for electronic applications, including as underplates in contacts or interconnections, and in certain joining applications.  
1.2 Electroplating of nickel for engineering applications (Note 1) requires technical considerations significantly different from decorative applications because the following functional properties are important:  
1.2.1 Hardness, strength, and ductility,  
1.2.2 Wear resistance,  
1.2.3 Load bearing characteristics,  
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1.2.5 Heat scaling resistance,  
1.2.6 Fretting resistance, and  
1.2.7 Fatigue resistance.  
Note 1: Functional electroplated nickel coatings usually contain about 99 % nickel, and are most frequently electrodeposited from a Watts nickel bath or a nickel sulfamate bath. Typical mechanical properties of nickel electroplated from these baths, and the combined effect of bath operation and solution composition variables on the mechanical properties of the electrodeposit are given in Guide B832. When electroplated nickel is required to have higher hardnesses, greater wear resistance, certain residual stress values and certain leveling characteristics, sulfur and other substances are incorporated in the nickel deposit through the use of certain addition agents in the electroplating solution. For the effect of such additives, see Section 4 and Annex A3. Cobalt salts are sometimes added to the plating solution to produce harder nickel alloy deposits.  
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1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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