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ASTM A911/A911M-05

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete Ties

Standard Specification for Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete Ties

ABSTRACT
This specification covers uncoated, stress-relieved steel bars for prestressed concrete railroad ties. Analysis of the steel shall conform to the chemical requirements specified by the specification. Mechanical requirements including test method, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and wrapping test are provided. One test specimen each for the tensile test and the wrapping test shall be taken for every 10 coils or fraction thereof in a lot.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers uncoated stress-relieved steel bars for use in prestressed concrete railroad ties.
1.2 Supplement I describes low-relaxation bars and relaxation testing for that product. Low-relaxation bars shall be furnished when specifically ordered, and may be furnished in place of regular bars if mutually agreed to by the purchaser and manufacturer.
1.3 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pounds units (as Specification A 911) or in SI units (as Specification A 911M).
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standards. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2005
ICS
77.140.15 - Steels for reinforcement of concrete
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.05 - Steel Reinforcement
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A911/A911M-02 - Standard Specification for Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete Ties
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Replaced By
ASTM A911/A911M-11 - Standard Specification for Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete Ties
Effective Date
15-Jan-2011

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ASTM A911/A911M-05 - Standard Specification for Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete TiesASTM A911/A911M-05 - Standard Specification for Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete Ties
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ASTM A911/A911M-05 - Standard Specification for Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete Ties
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A911/A911M – 05
Standard Specification for
Uncoated, Stress-Relieved Steel Bars for Prestressed
1
Concrete Railroad Ties
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA911/A911M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Ship-
3
ment and Storage
1.1 This specification covers uncoated stress-relieved steel
bars for use in prestressed concrete railroad ties.
3. Terminology
1.2 Supplement I describes low-relaxation bars and relax-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ation testing for that product. Low-relaxation bars shall be
3.1.1 lot, n—all the coils of bars of the same nominal bar
furnished when specifically ordered, and may be furnished in
size contained on an individual shipping release or shipping
place of regular bars if mutually agreed to by the purchaser and
order, from the same cast or heat of steel.
manufacturer.
1.3 This specification is applicable for orders in either
4. Ordering Information
inch-pounds units (as Specification A911) or in SI units (as
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
Specification A911M).
all requirements that are necessary for bars ordered to this
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
specification. Such requirements shall include, but are not
are to be regarded separately as standards. Within the text, the
limited to, the following:
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
4.1.1 Quantity (weight) [mass],
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
4.1.2 Name of material (uncoated, stress-relieved bars for
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
prestressed concrete railroad ties),
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
4.1.3 Diameter of bar (inches) [millimetres],
cation.
4.1.4 Packaging,
4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue, and
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.1.6 Special requirements, if any.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 100 tons [90 t]
of Steel Products uncoated, stress-relieved steel bars for prestressed concrete railroad ties,
0.394-in. [10-mm] diameter bars in 6.5-ft [2.0-m] diameter coils toASTM
E328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and
A XXX – [A XXXM – ].
Structures
2.2 Federal Standard:
5. Manufacture
3
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (CivilAgencies)
5.1 The bars shall be made from properly identified heats of
2.3 Military Standards:
3 steelmadebytheelectric-furnace,theopen-hearth,orthebasic
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
oxygen process.
5.2 After hot-rolling, the bars shall be cold-drawn and
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
finally stress-relieved by induction heat treatment to produce
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
the desired mechanical properties and then coiled.
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally
6. Chemical Requirements
published in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A911/A911M – 02.
DOI: 10.1520/A0911_A0911M-05.
6.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
manufacturer from test samples taken during the pouring of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
each heat.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6.2 The analysis of the steel shall conform to the chemical
3
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
requirements specified in Table 1.
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A911/A911M – 05
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements TABLE 3 Relaxation Requirements
A
Element Composition, % f /f Max Stress Losses after 1000 h, %
pi pu
A
Carbon 0.70–0.90 0.50 1.0
Silicon 0.10–0.35 0.60 1.0
B
Manganese 0.50–0.90 0.70 2.5
Chromium, max 0.15 0.80 5.0
Phosphorus, max 0.030
A
f = initial prestress load, and
pi
Sulphur, max 0.035
f = specified minimum tensile strength.
pu
Copper, max 0.30
A
Carbon in any one lot shall not vary more than 0.13 %.
B
Manganese in any one lot shall not vary more than 0.
...

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This specification covers uncoated, deformed, stress-relieved, and low-relaxation wire for use as prestressed tendons in concrete railroad ties. Deformed wires with nominal diameters shall be supplied in coils and shall conform to specified values of breaking strength requirements. The relaxation losses of normal stress-relieved and low-relaxation stress-relieved wires should not exceed the specified limits. The two acceptable types of deformed wire shall have specific dimensions of deformations, where the depth of indent shall be the average depth of six or more random indents measured at maximum depth. The material shall be tested on and shall conform to specified values of the following mechanical properties: breaking strength, load at 1% extension, elongation, bending, and relaxation.
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This specification covers deformed and plain low-alloy steel bars in cut lengths or coils for concrete reinforcement intended for applications. Restrictive mechanical properties and chemical composition are required for compatibility with controlled tensile property applications or to enhance weldability. The steel shall be electric-furnace, basic-oxygen, or open-hearth processed. Tension test, bend test, and one set of dimensional property tests including bar weight and spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall be made of each bar size rolled from a heat. All tests and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall be conducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works. A retest shall be provided when the specimen fails to meet the strength and elongation property requirements of the specification.
SCOPE
1.1 General—This specification covers deformed and plain low-alloy steel bars in cut lengths and coils for concrete reinforcement intended for applications where restrictive mechanical properties and chemical composition are required for compatibility with controlled tensile property applications or to enhance weldability. The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations are given in Table 1.  
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This specification covers deformed and plain steel reinforcing bars. Steel samples shall be blast cleaned and shall be coated with a protective fusion-bonded epoxy coating by electrostatic spray or other suitable method. The steel specimens shall undergo deformation test, holiday checks, bending tests, and cathodic disbondment test. The steels materials shall conform to the required values of coating thickness, continuity, flexibility, adhesion.
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Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars

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This specification covers deformed and plain steel reinforcing bars with protective epoxy coating applied by the electrostatic spray method. The surface of the steel reinforcing bars to be coated shall be cleaned by abrasive blast cleaning to near-white metal. The number and frequency of tests for coating thickness, continuity, flexibility and adhesion are specified. If the specimen for coating thickness or flexibility fails to meet the specified requirements, two retests on random samples shall be conducted for each failed test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain steel reinforcing bars with protective epoxy coating applied by the electrostatic spray method.
Note 1: The coating applicator is identified throughout this specification as the manufacturer.  
1.2 Other organic coatings may be used provided they meet the requirements of this specification.  
1.3 Requirements for coatings are contained in Annex A1.  
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This specification covers deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcements in cut lengths and coils. Materials considered under this specification are available in Grades 40 [280], 60 [420] and 75 [520]. Steel samples shall be rolled from properly identified heats of mold cast or strand cast steel using electric-furnace, basic-oxygen, or open-hearth. Heat analysis shall be performed wherein steel materials shall conform to required compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus and sulfur. Steel specimens shall also undergo tensile tests and shall conform to required values of tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Steel samples shall also undergo deformation test, tension test and bend tests. Final products shall be marked by a tag.
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1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain carbon-steel bars in cut lengths and coils for concrete reinforcement. Annex A2 of this specification covers deformed bars for use for other applications. Steel bars containing alloy additions, such as with the Association for Iron and Steel Technology and the Society of Automotive Engineers series of alloy steels, are permitted if the resulting product meets all the other requirements of this specification. The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations are given in Table 1.    
1.2 Unless specified for use for other applications in Annex A2, bars are of four minimum yield strength levels: namely, 40 000 psi [280 MPa], 60 000 psi [420 MPa], 80 000 psi [550 MPa], and 100 000 psi [690 MPa], designated as Grade 40 [280], Grade 60 [420], Grade 80 [550], and Grade 100 [690], respectively.
Note 1: Grade 100 [690] reinforcing bars were introduced in this specification in 2015. In contrast to the lower grades, which have ratios of specified tensile strength to specified yield strength that range from 1.25 to 1.50, Grade 100 [690] reinforcing bars have a ratio of specified tensile strength to specified yield strength of 1.15. Users of this specification should be aware that there will, therefore, be a lower margin of safety and reduced warning of failure following yielding when Grade 100 [690] bars are used in structural members where strength is governed by the tensile strength of the reinforcement, primarily in beams and slabs. As a result of the lower specified tensile strength to specified yield strength ratio of 1.15 for Grade 100 [690], users of this specification should be aware that ACI 318 Type 1 mechanical and welded splice requirements found in many acceptance criteria of 125 % of specified yield strength requirements in tension and compression are not applicable to Grade 100 [690]. Mechanical and welded splices should meet a minimum specified tensile strength of 115 000 psi [790 MPa] for Grade 100 [690].
Note 2: Users of this specification need to be aware that consensus design codes and specifications may not recognize the use of the No. 20 [64] bar, the largest bar included in this specification. Structural members reinforced with No. 20 [64] bars may require approval of the building official or other appropriate authority and require special detailing to ensure adequate performance at service and factored loads.  
1.3 Plain bars, in sizes up to and including 21/2 in. [63.5 mm] in diameter in coils or cut lengths, when ordered shall be furnished under this specification in Grade 40 [280], Grade 60 [420], Grade 80 [550], and Grade 100 [690]. For ductility properties (elongation and bending), test provisions of the nearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size shall apply. Requirements providing for deformations and marking shall not be applicable.  
Note 3: Welding of the material in this specification should be approached with caution since no specific provisions have been included to enhance its weldability. When this steel is to be welded, a welding procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use or service should be used. T...

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ASTM
ASTM A421/A421M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Stress-Relieved Steel Wire for Prestressed Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of uncoated stress-relieved round high-carbon steel wire commonly used in prestressed linear concrete construction. These two types are the type BA used for applications in which cold-end deformation is used for anchoring purposes and type WA wire which is used for application in which the ends are anchored by wedges, no cold-end deformation of the wire is involved. Required tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation shall be evaluated using stress-relaxation test. Heat analysis shall be used to determine the percentage of specified elements especially sulfur and phosphorus to meet the required chemical composition.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of stress-relieved round high-carbon steel wire used in prestressed concrete construction, as follows:  
1.1.1 Type BA wire is used for applications in which cold-end deformation is used for anchoring purposes (Button Anchorage), and  
1.1.2 Type WA wire is used for application in which the ends are anchored by wedges, and no cold-end deformation of the wire is involved (Wedge Anchorage).  
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use where low-relaxation wire and relaxation testing for that product is required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement applies only when specified in the purchase order or contract.  
1.3 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pounds units (as Specification A421) or in SI units (as Specification A421M).  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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