ASTM F1803-97
(Specification)Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Closed Profile Gravity Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Closed Profile Gravity Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) closed profile sewer pipe and fittings with integral bell and elastomeric seal joints or plain end pipe with couplings in sizes (18 to 60 in.) based on a controlled inside diameter.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1- Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be installed in accordance with Practice D 2321.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F 1803 – 97
Standard Specification for
Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Closed Profile Gravity Pipe and
Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1803; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl
D 2444 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Thermoplas-
chloride) (PVC) closed profile sewer pipe and fittings with
tic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)
integral bell and elastomeric seal joints or plain end pipe with
D 2855 Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with
couplings in sizes (18 to 60 in.) based on a controlled inside
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Fittings
diameter.
D 3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
F 402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,
information only.
Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
and Fittings
test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
F 477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Joining Plastic Pipe
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
F 679 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large-
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings
tions prior to use.
2.2 Federal Standard:
NOTE 1—Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
installed in accordance with Practice D 2321.
2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-
Plastics
minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation
D 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
for poly(vinyl chloride) is PVC.
Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
(CPVC) Compounds
3.2.1 closed profile (CP) gravity sewer pipe, n—a pipe
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
product consisting of an essentially smooth waterway braced
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
circumferentially or spirally with projections or ribs that are
D 2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded
joined by an essentially smooth outer wall (see Fig. 1).
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by
Acetone Immersion
4. Significance and Use
D 2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Flexible
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to
Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow
provide pipe and fittings suitable for nonpressure drainage of
Applications
sewage and surface water.
NOTE 2—Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with
the specific approval of the governing code authority since chemicals not
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.
Current edition approved May 10, 1997. Published November 1997.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1803
specification are not specified and therefore joint compatibility should be
reviewed.
6.3 The joint shall be designed to avoid displacement of the
gasket when assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendation.
FIG. 1 Typical Closed Profile (CP) (A) Waterway minimum wall
6.4 The assembly of joints shall be in accordance with the
(B) Average inside diameter
manufacturer’s recommendations.
commonly found in drains and sewers and temperatures in excess of
7. Requirements
140°F may be encountered.
7.1 Workmanship— The pipe and fittings shall be essen-
tially uniform in color, opacity, density, and other properties.
5. Material
The inside and outside surfaces shall be semimatte or glossy in
5.1 Basic Materials— The pipe and fittings shall be made of
appearance and free of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The
PVC plastic having a minimum cell classification of 12454C or
surfaces shall be free of excess bloom; that is, slight bloom is
12364C as defined in Specification D 1784. Homopolymer
acceptable. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes,
PVC compounds must meet or exceed the requirements of the
blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other defects that are
above listed minimum cell classification number.
visible to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity.
5.2 Rework Material— Clean rework material generated
Bloom or chalking may develop in pipe exposed to direct rays
from the manufacturer’s own pipe or fittings production may
of the sun (ultraviolet radiant energy) for extended periods and
be used by the same manufacturer provided pipe or fittings
consequently these requirements do not apply to pipe after
produced meet all the requirements of this specification.
extended exposure to direct rays of the sun.
5.3 Gaskets—Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with the
7.2 Pipe Fitting Dimensions:
requirements described in Specification F 477.
7.2.1 Diameter—The inside diameter of the pipe shall meet
5.4 Lubricant—The lubricant used for assembly shall be
the requirements given in Table 1 when measured in accor-
suitable for use with PVC pipe and elastomeric seals for this
dance with 8.4.1.
application and have no detrimental effect on the gasket or on
7.2.2 Wall Thickness— The minimum wall thickness of the
the pipe.
waterway of pipe and fittings fabricated from pipe sections
shall meet the requirements given in Table 1 when measured in
6. Joining Systems
accordance with 8.4.2. The wall thickness of fittings fabricated
6.1 Gasketed Joint— The integral bell gasketed joint, cou-
from pipes meeting the requirements of Specification F 679 are
pling, or fitting joints shall be designed so that when as-
also satisfactory.
sembled, the gasket (which is attached to either the bell or the
7.2.3 Bell Wall Thickness—In the case of belled pipe and
spigot) will be compressed radially on the pipe spigot or in the
fittings fabricated from pipe sections, the thickness of the wall
bell to form a water-tight seal. The joints shall be designed to
in the bell shall be considered satisfactory if it was formed
comply with and show no sign of leakage when tested in
from pipe meeting the previous requirements. For reducing
accordance with 7.7 when assembled with pipe for which they
fittings or those with smaller inlets, the minimum wall thick-
are intended.
ness for each inlet shall be no less than the minimum wall
6.2 Couplings shall form a water-tight seal when assembled
thickness for that size pipe.
with plain end pipe and show no sign of leakage when tested
7.2.4 Fittings:
in accordance with 7.7 when assembled with pipe for which
7.2.4.1 Molded Fittings— Molded fittings conforming to
they are intended.
the requirements of Specification F 679 may also be used with
NOTE 3—The outside diameters of products manufactured to this profile gravity sewer pipe provided an adapter (when required)
TABLE 1 Pipe Dimensions and Stiffness
Nominal Minimum Inside Tolerance on Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum
A
Pipe Size Diameter, Inside Diameter, Stiffness Series 46, Wall Series 46,
in. in. (mm) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) in. (mm)
18 17.595(446.91) +0.110(+2.79) 46(320) 0.070(1.78)
21 20.690(525.53) +0.120(+3.05) 46(320) 0.080(2.03)
24 23.430(595.12) +0.140(+3.56) 46(320) 0.100(3.54)
27 26.420(671.01) +0.160(+4.06) 46(320) 0.115(2.92)
30 29.410(747.01) +0.180(+4.57) 46(320) 0.125(3.18)
33 32.405(823.09) +0.190(+4.83) 46(320) 0.140(3.56)
36 35.395(899.03) +0.210(+5.33) 46(320) 0.150(3.81)
39 38.385(974.98) +0.230(+5.84) 46(320) 0.165(4.19)
42 41.375(1050.93) +0.250(+6.35) 46(320) 0.180(4.57)
45 44.370(1127.00) +0.260(+6.60) 46(320) 0.195(4.95)
48 47.360(1202.94) +0.280(+7.11) 46(320) 0.210(5.33)
54 53.350(1355.09) +0.300(+7.62) 46(320) 0.225(5.72)
60 59.340(1507.24) +0.320(+8.128) 46(320) 0.240(6.10)
A
In-plant quality control manufacturing. Base inside diameter calculations should include out-of-roundness as a result of shipping and handling.
F 1803
is used to make the connection. The minimum wall thickness
of the molded fittings and adapter shall coincide with the
values listed in Table 1 of Specification F 679. The thickness in
the wall of the adapter bell shall be considered satisfactory if
formed from pipe meeting the previous requirements.
7.2.4.2 Fabricated Fittings—Fabricated fittings shall be
made from the pipe meeting the requirements of this specifi-
cation, or Specification F 679. Fabricated fittings with solvent
cement components shall be made in accordance with Practice
D 2855 and taking cognizance of Practice F 402. Unreinforced
solvent cement mitred joints shall not be used. Fabricated
FIG. 2 Shear Deflection Test
joints shall be adequately lapped or fusion butt welded and,
when needed, additionally reinforced.
50 6 5 % relative humidity for not less than 40 h prior to test.
NOTE 4—A fabricated fittings standard is currently being developed by
ASTM Subcommittee F17.10. Conduct tests under the same conditions of temperature and
humidity, unless otherwise specified.
7.3 Pipe Flattening— There shall be no evidence of split-
8.1.2 Quality Control Testing—Condition specimens for a
ting, cracking, breaking, or separation of ribs or seams, when
minimum of 4 h in air or 1 h in water at 73.46 3°F (23 6 2°C).
pipe is tested in accordance with 8.5.
Test the specimens at 73.4 6 3°F without regard to relative
7.4 Pipe Impact Strength—The impact strength shall not be
humidity.
less than the values shown in Table 2 when tested in accor-
8.2 Test Conditions— Conduct tests in the standard labora-
dance with 8.6.
tory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 5%
NOTE 5—This requirement is intended only for use as a quality control
relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-
test, not a simulated service test.
ods or in this specification. In cases of disagreement, the
7.5 Pipe Stiffness— Pipe stiffness values for the pipe shall
tolerances shall be 61.8°F (61°C) and 62 % relative humid-
comply with Table 1 when tested in accordance with 8.7.
ity.
7.6 Gaskets—Gaskets shall meet the low head application
8.3 Sampling—The selection of the samples of pipe shall be
requirements of Specification F 477 and be molded into a
as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller. In case of
circular form or extruded to the proper section and then spliced
no prior agreement, any sample selected by the testing labora-
into circular form.
tory shall be deemed adequate.
7.7 Joint Tightness— All joints shall show no signs of
8.4 Dimensions:
leakage when tested in accordance with Specification D 3212
8.4.1 Inside Diameter— Determine the average inside di-
and Fig. 2. All surfaces of the joint upon which the gasket may
ameter using an internal micrometer or telescoping gage
bear shall be smooth and free of imperfections, ridges, frac-
accurate to 60.001 in. (60.02 mm). Take sufficient readings, a
tures, or cracks that could adversely affect sealability.
minimum of four, to ensure that the maximum and minimum
7.8 Acetone Immersion—The pipe shall meet the require-
have been determined. Calculate the average diameter as the
ments as defined in Test Method D 2152 when tested in
arithmetic mean of the diameters measured. As an alternative
accordance with 8.8.
method, an inside-diameter-type circumferential tape may be
NOTE 6—This is intended only for use as a quality control test and not used if proper care is taken to align it at right angles to the pipe
for use as a simulated service test.
axis. A tapered plug gage as described in Test Method D 2122
may also be used.
7.9 Air Test—When pipe is made in such a manner that a
8.4.2 Wall Thickness— Measure the wall thickness of the
seam or exposed channel is present, each length shall pass a
thinnest cross section of the waterway in the gaps between ribs
3.5-psi air test in accordance with 8.9.
in accordance with Test Method D 2122. Make sufficient
7.10 Exposed Channels— Cut exposed channels of closed
readings, a minimum of eight, to ensure that the minimum
profile pipe shall be sealed with a material to provide an
thickness is determined. (See Table 1).
adequate seal to prevent infiltration and exfiltration and be
8.5 Flattening—Flatten three specimens of pipe between
resistant to sewer and drainage environments.
parallel plates in a suitable press until the pipe inside diameter
8. Test Methods
is reduced by 60 % of its original dimension. The rate of
loading shall be uniform and such that the compression is
8.1 Conditioning:
completed within 2 to 5 min. The specimen shall pass if no
8.1.1 Referee Testing— When conditioning is required for
splitting, cracking, breaking, or separation of seams is ob-
referee tests, condition the specimens in accordance with
served under normal light with the unaided eye. The specimen
Procedure A of Practice D 618 at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and
shall be considered as failing this test if the load does not
increase continuously (or smoothly) with increasing deflection
TABLE 2 Minimum Impact Strength, 73°F (23°C)
to the point of maximum load. The maximum load point shall
Nominal Size, in. Impact Strength, ft-lbf(J)
not be less than 30 % deflection.
18 to 60 220(299)
8.5.1 Test specimens shall be 12 in. (305 mm) long.
F 1803
TABLE 4 Dwell Period for Air Test
8.6 Impact Resistance—Determine the impact resistance of
the pipe in ac
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