ASTM F794-99

Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile sewer pipe and fittings with integral bell and elastomeric seal joints or plain end pipe with couplings in sizes (4 to 48 in.) based on a controlled inside diameter.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be installed in accordance with Practice D 2321.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2001
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.62 - Sewer

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F794-01 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: F 794 – 99
Standard Specification for
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and
Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 794; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl
D 2444 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Thermoplas-
chloride) (PVC) profile sewer pipe and fittings with integral
tic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)
bell and elastomeric seal joints or plain end pipe with couplings
D 2855 Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with
in sizes (4 to 48 in.) based on a controlled inside diameter.
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Fittings
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D 3034 Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
(PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
information only.
D 3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This
F 402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
and Fittings
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
F 477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for
tions prior to use.
Joining Plastic Pipe
NOTE 1—Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be
F 679 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large-
installed in accordance with Practice D 2321.
Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings
2.2 Federal Standard:
2. Referenced Documents
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.3 Military Standard:
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
Insulating Materials for Testing
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
3. Terminology
Plastics
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
D 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-
Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation
(CPVC) Compounds
for poly(vinyl chloride) is (PVC).
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
3.2.1 dual wall corrugated profile (DWCP)gravity sewer
D 2152 Test Method for Degree of Fusion of Extruded
pipe—a pipe product consisting of a smooth waterway braced
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by
cumferentially with an external corrugated wall (see Fig. 1)
Acetone Immersion
3.2.2 open profile (OP) gravity sewer pipe—a pipe product
D 2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Flexible
consisting of an essentially smooth waterway braced circum-
Thermoplastic Sewer Pipe
ferentially or spirally with outside projections or ribs (see Fig.
2).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic 4. Significance and Use
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 1999. Published August 1999. Originally
published as F 794 – 83. Last previous edition F 794 – 97.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 794
6. Joining Systems
6.1 Gasketed Joint—The integral bell gasketed joint, cou-
pling, or fitting joints shall be designed so that when as-
sembled, the gasket (which is attached to either the bell or the
spigot) will be compressed radially on the pipe spigot or in the
bell to form a water-tight seal. The joints shall be designed to
FIG. 1 Typical Dual Wall Corrugated Profile (DWCP) comply with and show no sign of leakage when tested in
accordance with 7.7 when assembled with pipe for which they
are intended.
6.2 Couplings shall form a water-tight seal when assembled
with plain end pipe and show no sign of leakage when tested
in accordance with 7.7 when assembled with pipe for which
they are intended.
NOTE 3—The outside diameters of products manufactured to this
FIG. 2 Typical Open Profile (OP)
specification are not specified and therefore joint compatibility should be
reviewed.
6.3 The joint shall be designed to avoid displacement of the
provide pipe and fittings suitable for nonpressure drainage of
gasket when assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s
sewage and surface water.
recommendation.
NOTE 2—Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with
6.4 The assembly of joints shall be in accordance with the
the specific approval of the governing code authority since chemicals not
manufacturer’s recommendations.
commonly found in drains and sewers and temperatures in excess of
140°F may be encountered.
7. Requirements
5. Materials
7.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be essentially
5.1 Basic Materials—The pipe and fittings shall be made of uniform in color, opacity, density, and other properties. The
PVC plastic having a minimum cell classification of 12454C or inside and outside surfaces shall be semimatte or glossy in
appearance and free of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The
12364C as defined in Specification D 1784. Homopolymer
PVC compounds must meet or exceed the requirements of the surfaces shall be free of excess bloom; that is, slight bloom is
acceptable. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes,
above listed minimum cell classification number.
5.2 Rework Material—Clean rework material generated blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other defects that are
from the manufacturer’s own pipe or fittings production may visible to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity.
be used by the same manufacturer provided pipe or fittings Bloom or chalking may develop in pipe exposed to direct rays
produced meet all the requirements of this specification. of the sun (ultraviolet radiant energy) for extended periods and
5.3 Gaskets—Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with the consequently these requirements do not apply to pipe after
requirements described in Specification F 477. extended exposure to direct rays of the sun.
5.4 Lubricant—The lubricant used for assembly shall be 7.2 Pipe and Fitting Dimensions:
suitable for use with PVC pipe and elastomeric seals for this
application and have no detrimental effect on the gasket or on
the pipe. Supporting data are available at ASTM Headquarters. Request RR:F17-1020.
TABLE 1 Pipe Dimensions and Stiffness (Open Profile Pipe)
Nominal Minimum Inside Tolerance on Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum
A
Pipe Size, Diameter, Inside Diameter, Stiffness Series 46, Wall Series 46, Stiffness Series 10, Wall Series 10,
2 2
in. in. (mm) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) in. (mm)
4 3.939(100.0) +0.034(0.86) 46(320) 0.030(0.76) N/A N/A
6 5.875(149.2) +0.049(1.24) 46(320) 0.045(1.14) N/A N/A
8 7.863(199.7) +0.053(1.35) 46(320) 0.060(1.52) N/A N/A
10 9.825(249.6) +0.067(1.70) 46(320) 0.070(1.78) N/A N/A
12 11.687(296.8) +0.085(2.16) 46(320) 0.085(2.16) N/A N/A
15 14.303(363.3) +0.116(2.95) 46(320) 0.105(2.67) N/A N/A
18 17.510(444.8) +0.195(4.95) 46(320) 0.130(3.30) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
21 20.656(524.7) +0.200(5.08) 46(320) 0.160(4.06) 10(70) 0.085(2.16)
24 23.412(594.7) +0.204(5.18) 46(320) 0.180(4.58) 10(70) 0.105(2.66)
27 26.371(669.8) +0.209(5.31) 46(320) 0.205(5.22) 10(70) 0.115(2.92)
30 29.388(746.5) +0.220(5.59) 46(320) 0.235(5.96) 10(70) 0.130(3.30)
33 32.405(823.1) +0.227(5.77) 46(320) 0.260(6.60) 10(70) 0.150(3.81)
36 35.370(898.4) +0.235(5.97) 46(320) 0.290(7.36) 10(70) 0.165(4.20)
39 38.380(974.9) +0.245(6.22) 46(320) 0.315(8.00) 10(70) 0.195(4.95)
42 41.370(1050.8) +0.255(6.48) 46(320) 0.345(8.76) 10(70) 0.215(5.46)
45 44.365(1126.9) +0.265(6.73) 46(320) 0.370(9.40) 10(70) 0.225(5.72)
48 47.355(1202.8) +0.285(7.24) 46(320) 0.400(10.16) 10(70) 0.230(5.84)
A
In-plant quality control manufacturing. Base inside diameter calculations should include out-of-roundness as a result of shipping and handling.
F 794
7.2.1 Diameter—The inside diameter of the pipe shall meet not be used. Fabricated joints shall be adequately lapped or
the requirements given in Table 1 and Table 2 when measured fusion butt welded and, when needed additionally reinforced.
in accordance with 8.4.1.
NOTE 4—A fabricated fittings standard is currently being developed by
7.2.2 Wall Thickness—The minimum wall thickness of the
ASTM Subcommittee F 17.10.
waterway of pipe and fittings fabricated from pipe sections
7.3 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of split-
shall meet the requirements given in Table 1 for open profile;
ting, cracking, breaking, or separation of ribs, seams, or
and Table 2 for dual wall corrugated profile pipe when
corrugations, when pipe is tested in accordance with 8.5.
measured in accordance with 8.4.2. The wall thickness of
7.4 Pipe Impact Strength—The impact strength shall not be
fittings fabricated from pipes meeting the requirements of
less than the values shown in Table 3 when tested in accor-
Specification D 3034, SDR 35 and Specification F 679 are also
dance with 8.6.
satisfactory. Molded fittings when made with an open profile
shall conform to the minimum wall thickness requirements
NOTE 5—This requirement is intended only for use as a quality control
given in Table 1. test, not as a simulated service test. Aged impact data are currently under
study by an ASTM Committee F-17 task group.
7.2.3 Bell Wall Thickness—In the case of belled pipe and
fittings fabricated from pipe sections, the thickness of the wall
7.5 Pipe Stiffness—Pipe stiffness values for the pipe shall
in the bell shall be considered satisfactory if it was formed
comply with Table 1 when tested in accordance with 8.7.
from pipe meeting the above requirements. For reducing
7.6 Gaskets—Gaskets shall meet the low head application
fittings or those with smaller inlets, the minimum wall thick-
requirements of Specification F 477 and be molded into a
ness for each inlet shall be no less than the minimum wall
circular form or extruded to the proper section and then spliced
thickness for that size pipe.
into circular form.
7.2.4 Fittings:
7.7 Joint Tightness—All joints shall show no signs of
7.2.4.1 Molded Fittings—Molded fittings conforming to the
leakage when tested in accordance with Specification D 3212
requirements of Specification D 3034, SDR 35 may also be
and Fig. 3. Some grades of pipe may not have the capability in
used with profile gravity sewer pipe provided an adaptor (when
the pipe wall of withstanding the 22 in. Hg vacuum test. In
required) is used to make the connection. The minimum wall
such cases, the joint may be considered as meeting these
thickness of the molded fittings and adaptors shall coincide
criteria if a pipe and joint system, incorporating a geometri-
with the values listed in Table 1 of Specification D 3034 for
cally identical joint and heavier walled pipe, meets the criteria
SDR 35. The thickness in the wall of the adaptor bell shall be
satisfactorily. All surfaces of the joint upon which the gasket
considered satisfactory if formed from pipe meeting the above
may bear shall be smooth and free of imperfections, ridges,
requirements. When a molded fitting is used to join different
fractures, or cracks that could adversely affect sealability.
types of plastic pipes, the bell and the body or branch area
7.8 Acetone Immersion—The pipe shall meet the require-
extending from the bell shall also conform to the minimum
ments as defined in Test Method D 2152 when tested in
wall thickness and profile of the pipe being installed into the
accordance with 8.8.
bell.
7.8.1 Bond—The bond between the inner and outer walls (at
7.2.4.2 Fabricated Fittings—Fabricated fittings shall be
the corrugation valley) shall not separate when tested in
made from pipe meeting the requirements of this specification,
accordance with 8.8.1.
Specification D 3034, SDR 35, or Specification F 679. Fabri-
NOTE 6—This is intended only for use as a quality control test and not
cated fittings with solvent cement components shall be made in
for use as a simulated service test.
accordance with Practice D 2855 and taking cognizance of
Practice F 402. Unreinforced solvent cement mitred joints shall 7.9 Air Test—When pipe is made in such a manner that a
TABLE 2 Pipe Dimensions and Stiffness (Dual Wall Corrugated) Pipe
Nominal Minimum Inside Tolerance on Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum
Pipe Size, Diameter, Inside Diameter, Stiffness Series 46, Wall Series 46, Stiffness Series 10, Wall Series 10, in.
2 2
in. in. (mm) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) (mm)
4 3.939(100.0) +0.034(0.86) 46(320) 0.022(0.56) N/A N/A
6 5.875(149.2) +0.049(1.24) 46(320) 0.025(0.64) N/A N/A
8 7.863(199.7) +0.053(1.35) 46(320) 0.035(0.89) N/A N/A
10 9.825(249.6) +0.067(1.70) 46(320) 0.045(1.14) N/A N/A
12 11.687(296.8) +0.085(2.16) 46(320) 0.058(1.40) N/A N/A
15 14.303(363.3) +0.116(2.95) 46(320) 0.077(1.96) N/A N/A
18 17.510(444.8) +0.195(4.95) 46(320) 0.084(2.13) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
21 20.656(524.7) +0.200(5.08) 46(320) 0.095(2.41) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
24 23.412(594.7) +0.204(5.18) 46(320) 0.110(2.79) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
27 26.371(669.8) +0.209(5.31) 46(320) 0.120(3.05) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
30 29.388(746.5) +0.220(5.59) 46(320) 0.130(3.30) 10(70) 0.085(2.16)
33 32.405(823.1) +0.227(5.77) 46(320) 0.150(3.81) 10(70) 0.095(2.41)
36 35.370(898.4) +0.235(5.97) 46(320) 0.155(3.94) 10(70) 0.105(2.67)
39 38.380(974.9) +0.245(
...