ASTM D2746/D2746M-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Staining Tendency of Asphalt (Stain Index)
Standard Test Method for Staining Tendency of Asphalt (Stain Index)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method measures the tendency for oil components to separate spontaneously from asphalt. The separation of oil components can cause staining in asphalt roofing products and adjacent materials in storage and use.
4.2 The stain index is related to the thermal stability of the asphalt. Higher stain index values indicate lower stability and greater tendency for staining.
4.3 Use this procedure to determine the staining tendency of asphalt and to compare the results against a material for which the staining tendency is known.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the staining tendency of asphalt and the assignment of a stain index proportional to the extent of staining observed.
1.2 This test method is applicable to asphalts having ring-and-ball softening points of 85°C [185°F] or greater.
Note 1: This test method may be modified for use with other bituminous materials with softening points less than 85°C [185°F] by using a different temperature than specified in Section 7 by agreement of the interested parties. The report of results from such a test may cite this method but must clearly state the temperature employed in the exception and acknowledge that the interpretation of results in Section 9 and the precision and bias stated in Section 10 may not apply.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D2746/D2746M − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Staining Tendency of Asphalt (Stain Index)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2746/D2746M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen
(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stain-
D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
ing tendency of asphalt and the assignment of a stain index
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive
proportional to the extent of staining observed.
Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
1.2 This test method is applicable to asphalts having ring-
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resis-
and-ball softening points of 85°C [185°F] or greater.
tance Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
NOTE 1—This test method may be modified for use with other
bituminous materials with softening points less than 85°C [185°F] by eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
using a different temperature than specified in Section 7 by agreement of
the interested parties. The report of results from such a test may cite this
3. Summary of Test Method
method but must clearly state the temperature employed in the exception
and acknowledge that the interpretation of results in Section 9 and the
3.1 A horizontal disc of asphalt, cast in a brass retaining
precision and bias stated in Section 10 may not apply.
ring, is placed on a sheet of filter paper supported on a flat plate
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
and heated at 80°C [175°F] for 120 h. The diameter of the
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
resulting stained circle on the paper is compared to the inside
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
diameter of the brass ring to determine the staining character-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
istic of the asphalt. The stain index is the difference between
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
the diameter of the stained circle and the initial disc diameter
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with the standard.
measured to the nearest 0.5 mm [ ⁄64 in.].
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
4. Significance and Use
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety,
4.1 This test method measures the tendency for oil compo-
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli-
nents to separate spontaneously from asphalt. The separation of
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
oil components can cause staining in asphalt roofing products
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
and adjacent materials in storage and use.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.2 The stain index is related to the thermal stability of the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
asphalt. Higher stain index values indicate lower stability and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
greater tendency for staining.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.3 Use this procedure to determine the staining tendency of
asphalt and to compare the results against a material for which
2. Referenced Documents
the staining tendency is known.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Apparatus
5.1 Rings—Square shouldered brass retaining rings con-
1
forming to the dimensions required for use in the ring-and-ball
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on
softening point apparatus (see Fig. 1(a) of Test Method
Steep Roofing Products and Assemblies.
D36/D36M).
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originally
5.1.1 The inside diameter of the ring to be placed in contact
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D2746 – 07 (2013).
40
DOI: 10.1520/D2746_D2746M-18. with the filter paper during the test is 16 mm [ ⁄64 in.].
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
NOTE 2—This test method depends on accurate measurement of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
diameter and precise alignment of the face and rim of the ring on a flat
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. surface. Therefore, deformed rings must n
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2746 − 07 (Reapproved 2013) D2746/D2746M − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Staining Tendency of Asphalt (Stain Index)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2746;D2746/D2746M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the staining tendency of asphalt and the assignment of a stain index
proportional to the extent of staining observed.
1.2 This test method is applicable to asphalts having ring-and-ball softening points of 85°C (185°F)[185°F] or greater.
NOTE 1—This test method may be modified for use with other bituminous materials with softening points less than 85°C (185°F)[185°F] by using a
different temperature than specified in Section 7 by agreement of the interested parties. The report of results from such a test may cite this method but
must clearly state the temperature employed in the exception and acknowledge that the interpretation of results in Section 9 and the precision and bias
stated in Section 10 may not apply.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values in
parentheses are for information only.stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D36D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D140D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A horizontal disc of asphalt, cast in a brass retaining ring, is placed on a sheet of filter paper supported on a flat plate and
heated at 80°C (175°F)[175°F] for 120 h. The diameter of the resulting stained circle on the paper is compared to the inside
diameter of the brass ring to determine the staining characteristic of the asphalt. The stain index is the difference between the
1
diameter of the stained circle and the initial disc diameter measured to the nearest 0.5 mm ([ ⁄64 in.).in.].
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method measures the tendency for oil components to separate spontaneously from asphalt. The separation of oil
components can cause staining in asphalt roofing products and adjacent materials in storage and use.
4.2 The stain index is related to the thermal stability of the asphalt. Higher stain index values indicate lower stability and greater
tendency for staining.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on Steep
Roofing Products and Assemblies.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2018. Published May 2013December 2018. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
D2746 – 07. 07 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/D2746-07R13.10.1520/D2746_D2746M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2746/D2746M − 18
4.3 Use this procedure to determine the
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