ASTM F494-05(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Primary Disposable Bag Integrity for Vacuum Cleaners
Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Primary Disposable Bag Integrity for Vacuum Cleaners
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are useful for routine control, design of end-use products, and acceptance testing for conformance to specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that remain strong over a wide range of atmospheric conditions and have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for satisfactory end use to the consumer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions. The filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.
1.3 The following tests are included:
Section Installation and Removal3 Workmanship4 Durability5 Seams and Joints6
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F494 − 05(Reapproved 2011) An American National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Evaluating Primary Disposable Bag Integrity for Vacuum
Cleaners
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF494;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Apparatus—The vacuum cleaner model for which the
primary disposable bag is intended.
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity
of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.
3.3 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the of the primary disposable bag system being tested.
designoftheprimarydisposablebagwillperformsatisfactorily
3.4 Procedure—The primary disposable bag shall be in-
fortheconsumerinawiderangeofnormaluseconditions.The
stalled in accordance with the instructions of the vacuum
filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with
cleaner manufacturer.
the use of these test methods.
3.4.1 Construction of the primary disposable bag shall be
1.3 The following tests are included:
suchthatnoholesortearswillbemadewhenitispreparedfor
Section
installation.
Installation and Removal 3
Workmanship 4
3.4.2 When installed or removed, in accordance with
Durability 5
instructions, the primary disposable bag shall not be damaged
Seams and Joints 6
or its function impaired.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.5 Report—The report shall include any problems encoun-
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only. teredduringinstallationandremovaloftheprimarydisposable
bag.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Workmanship
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Scope—Thistestmethodprovidesameansofevaluating
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
workmanship of the primary disposable bag.
2. Significance and Use
4.2 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
of the primary disposable bag system being tested.
2.1 Thesetestmethodsareusefulforroutinecontrol,design
ofend-useproducts,andacceptancetestingforconformanceto
4.3 Procedure—Inspect primary disposable bag for confor-
specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that
mance to the following:
remainstrongoverawiderangeofatmosphericconditionsand
4.3.1 Complete sealing or fastening of all seams, tucks,
have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for
joints, and attachments,
satisfactory end use to the consumer.
4.3.2 No tears, rips, holes, or other manufacturing type
TEST METHODS
faults,
4.3.3 Printed instructions, when they appear, shall be clear
3. Installation and Removal
and legible,
3.1 Scope—These test methods provide guidelines for the
4.3.4 Dimensionsshallagreewithdrawingspecifications,or
installation and removal of the primary disposable bag.
the primary disposable bag as defined by the vacuum cleaner
manufacturer, and
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F11 on
4.3.5 If adhesives are used for seams and joints, there shall
Vacuum Cleaners and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F11.23 on
be no bleed through to adjacent plys or misplacements.
Filtration.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published March 2012. Originally
4.4 Report—The report shall include any defects in work-
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F494–05. DOI:
10.1520/F0494-05R11. manship noted in the inspection in 4.3.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F494 − 05 (2011)
5. Durability 5.5 Conditioning— Allow test specimens to age at ambient
conditions of 68 to 81°F (20 to 27°C) and 45 to 55% relative
5.1 Scope—The durability of the primary disposable bag is
humidity for a minimum of 24 h before starting tests.
determined by a life test within the vacuum cleaner for which
the bag is intended.
5.6 Procedure:
5.6.1 Performalltestsonthevacuumcleanerinacontrolled
5.2 Apparatus:
ambientwithadry-bulbtemperatureof68to81°F(20to27°C)
5.2.1 Vacuum Cleaner.
and 30 to 55% relative humidity.
5.2.2 Conditioning Chamber or Cabinet, in which speci-
5.6.2 Measure and calculate the total primary disposable
mens may individually be exposed to circulating air and
bag area excluding seams, joints, treated seal area, mounting
conditioning relative humidity and temperature within the
means, and multiple thickness of media. Measure multiple
limits specified in 5.5.
thicknesses that are intended for a specific filtering purpose as
5.2.3 Temperature-Measuring Equipment, accurate to
a single ply.
within 61°F (60.5°C).
5.2.4 Humidity-Measuring Equipment, accurate to within 5.6.3 Prepare 0.0023 oz of coarse grade air cleaner test dust
62% relative humidity. per square inch of primary disposable bag area (0.010 g/cm ).
5.2.5 Solenoid, to control the movement of a spring-loaded 5.6.4 Close vacuum bleed control and seal all openings
plate.
normally closed off with operation of tools.
5.2.6 Timer, to control the activation of the solenoid on the
5.6.5 Install the primary disposable bag in the intended
basis of time.
manner in the vacuum cleaner for which it was designed.
5.2.7 Plate, to seal the intake of the test cleaner. This plate,
Energize the cleaner and adjust the voltage regulator to rated
connected directly to the solenoid shaft, must open sufficiently
voltage 61V.
soasnottorestrictairflowandmustopenandclosetheintake
5.6.5.1 Operate the cleaner at the maximum speed setting
within 0.1 s. Motion of the plate must not be a sliding action.
provided for the carpet cleaning mode.
5.2.7.1 Canister Cleaners—The plate seals the nozzle end
5.6.6 Feed the amount of test dust specified in 5.6.3 at the
of the hose normally supplied with the vacuum cleaner. The
rate of 0.7 6 0.07 oz (20 6 2 g)/min into the intake port.
hose is attached to the vacuum cleaner in the normal manner
5.6.7 After loading and with the cleaner operating at rated
with no attempts to seal leaks.
voltage, subject the cleaner to a test of 7.5 s open and 7.5 s
5.2.7.2 Upright Cleaners—Theplatesealsa1.75 60.02-in.
closed for a period of 12 h.
(44.5 6 0.5-mm) diameter hole located in an adapter cover.
5.6.7.1 For the canister cleaner, alternately open and close
The adapter cover closes off the nozzle intake opening of the
the nozzle end of the hose with the plate described in 5.2.7,
cleaner without interfering with the rotating agitator.
while the cleaner remains running. For an upright cleaner,
5.2.8 Voltage Regulator—The regulator shall be capable of
alternately open and close the intake hole as described in
maintaining 120 6 1 V rms 60 Hz with a wave form that is
5.2.7.2, while the cleaner remains running.
essentially sinusoidal with 3% maximum harmonic distortion
5.7 Report—The report shall include any failure of the
for the duration of the test.
primary disposable bag.
5.2.9 Voltmeter, to measure input to the cleaner and provide
5.7.1 Any rupture of the primary disposable bag material or
measurements accurate to within 61%.
separation of seams, tucks, joints, or attachments shall consti-
5.3 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
tute a failure. Pinhole leaks are not considered to be ruptures.
of the primary disposable bag being tested.
5.4 Material—Coarse grade air cleaner test dust.
6. Seams and Joints
NOTE 1—The particle size distribution by volume of the test dust is
6.1 Scope—The evaluation of seams, tucks, joints, and
given in Table 1.
attachments used to fabricate the primary disposable bag is
accomplished by means of temperature and humidity cycling
A,B
TABLE 1 Analysis of Coarse Grade Air Cleaner F11 Test Dust followed by visual inspection and durability tests.
Particle Size Distribution by Volume
6.2 Apparatus:
Size, µm Coarse Grade
6.2.1 Conditioning Chamber or Cabinet, in which speci-
(% less than)
mens may individually be exposed to circulating air and
5.5 13±3
11 24±3 conditioning relative humidity and temperature within the
22 37 ± 3
limits specified in 6.4.
44 56 ± 3
6.2.2 Oven, with forced ventilation, that will maintain 156
88 84 ± 3
176 100
6 2°F (68.9 6 1.1°C) at the test conditions where the
A
The information in Table 1 is contained in “Air Cleaner Test Code,”SAETechnical specimens are located and shielded from direct radiation from
Report J726b.
the heating element.
B
The sole source of supply of the test dust known to the committee at this time is
6.2.3 Cold Box, that will maintain specimens at−20 6 2°F
Powder Technology, Inc., 1119 Riverwood Drive, Burnsville, MN 55337. If you are
aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-
(−28.9 6 1.1°C) at the test conditions.
tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1 6.2.4 Temperature-Measuring Equipment, accurate to
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
within 61°F (60.5°C).
F494 − 05 (2011)
6.2.5 Humidity-Measuring Equipment, accurate to within 6.5.3 Humidity Test Cycle:
62% relative humidity. 6.5.3.1 Place test specimens in the conditioning chamber at
89.6 6 3.6°F (32 6 2°C) and 86 to 90% relative humidity for
6.3 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
24 h.
of the primary disposable bag being tested. Use fresh samples
6.5.3.2 After removing the test specimens from the condi-
for each of the tests in 6.5.1 and 6.5.2, and 6.5.3.
tioningchamber,conditionthemfor4hminimumat68to81°F
6.4 Conditioning— Age all test specimens at least 24 h at
(20 to 27°C) and 30 to 55% relative humidity.
ambient conditions of 68 to 81°F (20 to 27°C) and 30 to 55%
6.5.3.3 Repeat the cycle (6.5.3.1 and 6.5.3.2) three times.
relative humidity to prepare them for the hot, cold, and
6.5.3.4 Examine the specimens visually for any obvious
humidity test cycles.
bond failures. If there is no obvious failure, subject each of the
6.4.1 Simultaneously condition specimens for the hot, cold,
test specimens to a durability evaluation similar to that in
and humidity test cycles.
Section 5. For this test, the operating period in 5.6.7 shall be 5
min instead of 12 h.
6.5 Procedure:
6.5.1 Hot Test Cycle:
6.6 Report—The report for each of the tests in 6.5 shall
6.5.1.1 Place the test specimens in an oven at 156 6 2°F
include any failure of the primary disposable bag.
(68.9 6 1.1°C) for 4 weeks.
6.6.1 Any rupture of the primary disposable bag material or
6.5.1.2 Allow test specimens to condition at ambient con-
separation of seams, tucks, joints, or attachments shall consti-
ditions of 68 to 81°F (20 to 27°C) and 30 to 55% relative
tute a failure. Pinhole leaks are not considered to be ruptures.
humidity for 30 min minimum after removal from oven.
7. Sampling
6.5.1.3 Examine the specimens visually for any obvious
failure and subject each of the test specimens to a durability 7.1 A sample of sufficient size for each primary disposable
evaluation similar to that in Section 5. For this test, the
bag shall be tested until a 90% confidence interval for the true
operating period in 5.6.7 shall be 5 min instead of 12 h. percent defective is established.
6.5.2 Cold Test Cycle:
7.2 The minimum number of tests required is defined to be
6.5.2.1 Placetestspecimensinacoldboxfor24hat−20 6
that number which will give a 90% confidence interval for the
2°F (−28.9 6 1.1°C).
truepercentdefectivethatislessthan0.20inwidth(seeAnnex
6.5.2.2 Conditionatambientconditionsof68to81°F(20to
A1).
27°C) and 30 to 55% relative humidity for 30 min minimum
8. Precision and Bias
after removal from cold box.
6.5.2.3 Repeat the cycle (6.5.2.1 and 6.5.2.2) three times.
8.1 Precision and bias do not apply for this test method
6.5.2.4 Examine the specimens visually for any obvious
since this is a procedure for a test that is conducted to a
bond failures. If there is no obvious failure, subject each of the
specified end point.
test specimens to a durability evaluation similar to that in
9. Keywords
Section 5. For this test, the operating period in 5.6.7 shall be 5
min instead of 12 h.
9.1 vacuum cleaner disposable bag integrity
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. DETERMINATION OF 90 % CONFIDENCE INTERVAL (PROPORTION)
A1.1 The most common and ordinarily the best single
α = probability of being wrong,
estimate (p) of the true proportion (or percentage) (P) of items
1−α = probability of being correct,
thathaveagivenqualitycharacteristicissimplythenumberof P = upper limit of the confidence interval for P,
u
P = lower limit of the confidence interval for P, and
items (r) that possess this characteristic divided by the total
l
A = chosen limit for the width of the confidence interval
number of items (n).
(in accordance with 7.2, A=0.20).
p 5 r/n (A1.1)
A1.3 The following procedure gives an interval which is
When a sample is taken from a population, the sample
expected to bracket (P), the true proportion, 100 (1−α)%of
proportion that possesses the characteristic will seldom be
the time:
exactlythesameproportionasthepopulation.Itishopedtobe
fairly close so that a statement of the confidence interval will
A1.3.1 Choose the desired confidence level, 1−α.
bracket the true proportion.
A1.3.2 Compute p= r/n.
A1.2 Glossary of Additional Terms: A1.3.3 If n w- 30, use Table A1.1.
F494 − 05 (2011)
α
A1.3.4 If n > 30, look up Z= Z − ⁄2 in Table A1.2 and A1.4 In application, we are interested in a 90% confidence
compute: interval if the true proportion (α=0.10) and we desire the
width of the interval to be less than some value A. Values of
p 1 2 p
~ !
P 5 p1Z (A1.2)
u Z= Z will be taken from Table A1.2 and used in the
0.95
n
computation.
p ~1 2 p!
A1.4.1 Repeat the test n times to establish a minimum
P 5 p 2 Z
Œ
l
n
sample size.
The interval from P to P is a 100(1−α) % confidence
l u
A1.4.2 Compute p for the sample.
interval for the true proportion; that is, we may assert with
100(1−α)%confidencethat P < P< P .Itcanbeseenthatas A1.4.3 If n≤30,useTableA1.1tofindvalues.Forexample,
l u
if n=20and r=6,atthe90%confidencelevel, P =0.141and
n→∞, p(l − p)/n→ 0. Thus smaller confidence intervals for
l
the true proportion can be obtained by using larger samples. P =0.500.
u
A
TABLE A1.1 Confidence Limits for a Proportion (Two-Sided)
NOTE 1—Upper limits are in boldface. The observed proportion in a random sample is r/n.
r 90 % 95 % 99 % r 90 % 95 % 99 %
n =1 n =2
0 0 0.900 0
...
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