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ASTM D6917-03

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)

Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)

SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the selection of appropriate test methods for prefabricated vertical geocomposite drains (sometimes referred to as Wick Drains) used in geotechnical engineering applications to provide consistency in data reporting.
1.2 This guide includes test methods for all types of prefabricated geocomposite drains manufactured in a plant and consisting of a polymeric core structure with a synthetic fabric (geotextile) jacket for filtration.
1.3 This guide is intended to aid all personnel involved in the selection, manufacture, installation, or evaluation of prefabricated vertical drains.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-2003
ICS
91.060.20 - Roofs
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.03 - Permeability and Filtration
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6917-03(2007) - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007

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ASTM D6917-03 - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)ASTM D6917-03 - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
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ASTM D6917-03 - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6917–03
Standard Guide for
Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains
(PVD)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6917; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 4751 Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening
Size of a Geotextile
1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the selection
D 4759 Practice for Determining Specification Conform-
of appropriate test methods for prefabricated vertical geocom-
ance of Geosynthetics
posite drains (sometimes referred to as Wick Drains) used in
D 4873 Guide for Identification, Storage and Handling of
geotechnicalengineeringapplicationstoprovideconsistencyin
Geosynthetic Rolls
data reporting.
D 4884 Test Method for Strength of Sewn or Thermally
1.2 This guide includes test methods for all types of
Bonded Seams of Geotextiles
prefabricated geocomposite drains manufactured in a plant and
D 4886 Test Method forAbrasion Resistance of Geotextiles
consisting of a polymeric core structure with a synthetic fabric
(Sand Paper / Sliding Block Method)
(geotextile) jacket for filtration.
D 5101 Test Method for Measuring the Soil-Geotextile
1.3 This guide is intended to aid all personnel involved in
System Clogging Potential by the Gradient Ratio
the selection, manufacture, installation, or evaluation of pre-
D 5199 Test Method for Measuring Nominal Thickness of
fabricated vertical drains.
Geotextiles and Geomembranes
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D 5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Geotextiles
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D 5321 Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Soil
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
and Geosynthetic or Geosynthetic and Friction by Direct
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Shear Method
2. Referenced Documents D 5322 Practice for Immersion Procedures for Evaluating
the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to Liquids
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 5493 Test Method for Permittivity of Geotextiles Under
D 3786 Test Method for Hydraulic Bursting Strength of
Load
Textile Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Tester Method
D 5496 Practice for In Field Immersion Testing of Geosyn-
(Mullen Burst)
thetics
D 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
D 5567 Test Method for Hydraulic Conductivity Ratio
D 4439 Terminology for Geotextiles
(HCR) Testing of Soil/Geotextile Systems
D 4491 Test Method for Water Permeability of Geotextiles
D 5818 Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetics
by Permittivity
from a Test Section for Assessment of Installation Dam-
D 4533 Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of
age
Geotextiles
D 5819 Guide for Selecting Test Methods for Experimental
D 4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elonga-
Evaluation of Geosynthetic Durability
tion of Geotextiles
D 6241 Test Method for the Static Puncture Strength of
D 4716 Test Method for Determining the (In-Plane) Flow
Geotextiles and Geotextile-related Products Using a
Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a
50-mm Probe
Geosynthetic Using Constant Head
D 6364 Test Method for Determining the Short-Term Com-
pression Behavior of Geosynthetics
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics D 6389 Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resis-
and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.03 on Permeability and
tance of Geotextiles to Liquids
Filtration.
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003.
3. Terminology
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13. 3.1 Definitions:
Copyrig
...

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5.1.1 In case of dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is any statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that as homogenous as possible, and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should be randomly assigned in numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the start of testing. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
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4.1 To properly evaluate prefabricated vertical drains, tests must be performed according to specific test methods and procedures. Failure to follow this practice can result in data not representative of the product's characteristics and performance.
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1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the selection of appropriate test methods for prefabricated vertical geocomposite drains (sometimes referred to as wick drains) used in geotechnical engineering applications to provide consistency in data reporting.  
1.2 This guide includes test methods for all types of prefabricated geocomposite drains manufactured in a plant and consisting of a polymeric core structure with a synthetic fabric (geotextile) jacket for filtration.  
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SCOPE
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5.1 The solar reflectance of a building envelope surface affects surface temperature and near-surface ambient air temperature. Surfaces with low solar reflectance absorb a high fraction of the incoming solar energy. Sunlight absorbed by a roof or by other building envelope surfaces can be conducted into the building, increasing cooling load and decreasing heating load in a conditioned building, or raising indoor temperature in an unconditioned building. It can also warm the outside air by convection. Determination of solar reflectance can help designers and consumers choose appropriate materials for their buildings and communities.  
5.1.1 The solar reflectance of a new building envelope surface often changes within one to two years through deposition and retention of soot and dust; microbiological growth; exposure to sunlight, precipitation, and dew; and other processes of soiling and weathering. For example, light-colored “cool” envelope surfaces with high initial reflectance can experience substantial reflectance loss as they are covered with dark soiling agents. Current product rating programs require roofing manufacturers to report values of solar reflectance and thermal emittance measured after three years of natural exposure (2, 3). A rapid laboratory process for soiling and weathering that simulates the three-year-aged radiative properties of roof and other building envelope surface materials expedites the development, testing, and introduction to market of such products.  
5.2 Thermal emittance describes the efficiency with which a surface exchanges thermal radiation with its environment. High thermal emittance enhances the ability of a surface to stay cool in the sun. The thermal emittance of a bare metal surface is initially low, and often increases as it is soiled or oxidized (4). The thermal emittance of a typical non-metal surface is initially high, and remains high after soiling (5).  
5.3 This practice allows measurement of the solar reflectance a...
SCOPE
1.1 Practice D7897 applies to simulation of the effects of field exposure on the solar reflectance and thermal emittance of roof surface materials including but not limited to field-applied coatings, factory-applied coatings, single-ply membranes, modified bitumen products, shingles, tiles, and metal products. The solar reflectance and thermal emittance of roof surfacing materials can be changed by exposure to the outdoor environment. These changes are caused by three factors: deposition and retention of airborne pollutants, microbiological growth, and changes in physical or chemical properties. This practice applies to simulation of changes in solar reflectance and thermal emittance induced by deposition and retention of airborne pollutants and, to a limited extent, changes caused by microbiological growth.  
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1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
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