ASTM D3291-97(2003)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Compatibility of Plasticizers in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics Under Compression
Standard Practice for Compatibility of Plasticizers in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics Under Compression
SCOPE
1.1 This practice determines the compatibility of plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride) plastics by rating the amount of plasticizer that spews due to compressional stress set up inside a 180 loop bend.
Note 1— Ingredients other than plasticizer can spew from a total formulation.
1.2 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this practice.
1.3 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in brackets are given for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note2—There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject of this practice.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:D3291–97 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Practice for
Compatibility of Plasticizers in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics
Under Compression
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3291; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice determines the compatibility of plasticiz- 4.1 Test specimens of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) sheet
ers in poly(vinyl chloride) plastics by rating the amount of are bent through an arc of approximately 180°. The inner
plasticizer that spews due to compressional stress set up inside radius of the bend is equal to the thickness of the specimen.
a 180° loop bend. These bent specimens are secured in a jig designed to hold
them in the desired conformation. At specified intervals of
NOTE 1—Ingredients other than plasticizer can spew from a total
time, a specimen is removed, bent 360° in the opposite
formulation.
direction, and the former inside of the loop (now the outside)
1.2 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes
is examined for evidence of plasticizer spew.
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
5. Significance and Use
as requirements of this practice.
5.1 Plasticizers may become less compatible in poly(vinyl
1.3 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
chloride) resin when fused compound is subjected to compres-
standard.The values in brackets are given for information only.
sive stress.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1.1 This test subjects a standard test specimen to a definite
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
deformation and allows qualitative determination of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
amount of spew which may occur over a period of time.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1.2 An apparent decrease in compatibility of plasticizers
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
with subsequent exudation can cause excessive dirt pickup,
marring of lacquered or varnished surfaces, sticky feel, and a
NOTE 2—There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject of
this practice.
number of other associated problems.
5.1.3 When a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) sheet is
2. Referenced Documents
stressed in compression by bending it through 180°, the stress
2.1 ASTM Standards:
may be relieved by migration of the plasticizer from the
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
compressed area (inside of bend) to the area in tension (outside
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
of bend). If these compressive stresses cannot be relieved
Plastics
rapidly by internal migration of plasticizer, then plasticizer will
spew. The internal migration of plasticizer will continue and
3. Terminology
when a deficiency of plasticizer occurs at the compressed area
3.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Terminol-
spewed plasticizer will be reabsorbed. Certain plasticizers may
ogy D883 and abbreviations with Terminology D1600, unless
spew and be reabsorbed quite rapidly. Less compatible plasti-
otherwise indicated.
cizers may spew early and continue to spew throughout the
test. A test of one week’s duration is used for screening, while
an extended test of seven weeks’ duration is used for a
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and
complete profile.
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials
(Section D20.15.07).
NOTE 3—Other test conditions of time, temperature, or relative humid-
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally
ity may be agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser.
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D3291 – 97. DOI:
10.1520/D3291-97R03.
6. Apparatus
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Bending Test Jig, as shown in Fig. 1.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D3291–97 (2003)
A Drill and countersink for 6.35-mm [ ⁄4-in.] flat head machine screw
B Drill and tap to receive 6.35-mm [ ⁄4-in.] machine screw
C May be any convenient length up to 457 mm [18 in.]
Material—Oil-hardening precision ground tool and die steel
FIG. 1 Bending Test Jig
6.2 Cig
...
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