ASTM F1158-94(2008)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Inspection and Evaluation of Tampering of Security Seals
Standard Guide for Inspection and Evaluation of Tampering of Security Seals
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
If a seal can be opened by any means and successfully reapplied without exhibiting signs indicative of prior attack, the integral quality of the seal is in serious question. This guide allows that any particular method of attempted defeat can be employed to defeat a seal, and concentrates not on the effectiveness of the seal to resist that attack, but rather on the nature of the individual seal to inhibit reapplication.
This standard presents guidelines for inspection to assist in determining whether an attempt to defeat a security seal, and to possibly reapply the seal, has been made. In all cases, the guidelines are meant to focus attention on signs of attack and reapplication.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the inspection and evaluation of tampering of security seals.
1.2 A security seal is a device intended to detect tampering or entry. Evaluate only single use locking devices under this guide. The following procedures shall serve as guidelines for detecting attempts at defeat and reapplication of a security seal.
1.3 This guide is not intended to be fully comprehensive; certain types of security seals, such as labels, have not been addressed to date. Further, it is the responsibility of users of this guide to interpret their specific security needs concerning the use of seals, and to determine the grade of seal appropriate for their particular application. ASTM assumes no responsibility for losses occurring as a result of a defeated seal.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F1158 − 94(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Guide for
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Inspection and Evaluation of Tampering of Security Seals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope employed to defeat a seal, and concentrates not on the
effectiveness of the seal to resist that attack, but rather on the
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the inspection and
nature of the individual seal to inhibit reapplication.
evaluation of tampering of security seals.
4.2 This standard presents guidelines for inspection to assist
1.2 A security seal is a device intended to detect tampering
in determining whether an attempt to defeat a security seal, and
or entry. Evaluate only single use locking devices under this
to possibly reapply the seal, has been made. In all cases, the
guide. The following procedures shall serve as guidelines for
guidelines are meant to focus attention on signs of attack and
detecting attempts at defeat and reapplication of a security seal.
reapplication.
1.3 This guide is not intended to be fully comprehensive;
certain types of security seals, such as labels, have not been
5. Seal Classification
addressed to date. Further, it is the responsibility of users of
5.1 General—For the purpose of comparing seal physical
this guide to interpret their specific security needs concerning
properties, seal classes are grouped according to the following
the use of seals, and to determine the grade of seal appropriate
description of applicable seals:
for their particular application.ASTM assumes no responsibil-
ity for losses occurring as a result of a defeated seal.
5.2 Groups:
5.2.1 Group 1—Flexible cable and wire seals.
2. Referenced Documents
5.2.2 Group 2—Strap, cinch seals.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2.3 Group 3—Rigid bolt and rod seals, including heavy
F832 Classification for Security Seals
duty metal padlock type.
F883 Performance Specification for Padlocks
5.2.4 Group 4—Twisted rod or wire seals (pigtail).
F946 Guide for Establishing Security Seal Control and
5.2.5 Group 5—Padlock type seals, scored seals, metal, or
Accountability Procedures
plastic base.
5.2.6 Group 6—Fiber optic seals.
3. Teminology
3.1 Definition:
6. Guidelines for Inspection and Evaluation of
3.1.1 seal—a passive, one-time locking device used to
Tampering
detect tampering or entry, afford limited resistance (to entry) or
6.1 Group 1 Seals (Cable and Wire Seals)—Inspect for a
provide a combination of both functional aspects.
frayed appearance at the point where the main length of cable
or wire meets the locking portion of the seal. Usually under
4. Significance and Use
compression, if this region of the seal has been twisted free of
4.1 If a seal can be opened by any means and successfully
its retaining junction at the locking point, it may provide visual
reapplied without exhibiting signs indicative of prior attack,
indication that the uniform pattern of material has been
the integral quality of the seal is in serious question.This guide
disturbed. The attempt at reinsertion of the cable into the
allows that any particular method of attempted defeat can be
lockingmechanism,ifsuccessful,mayalsobedetectedbyeasy
withdrawal of the cable by hand at time of inspection.
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F12 on Security
6.2 Group 2 Seals (Strap, Cinch, or Nonscored Seals)—
Systems and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F12.50 on
Inspect to reveal scratches or nicks adjacent to the locking
Locking Devices.
mechanism of the seal. Deformation of the locking mechanism
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally
by forcible expansion of the lock point will be readily visible
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as F1158 – 94 (2001).
DOI: 10.1520/F1158-94R08.
if the attack involved such manipulation. As with the Group 1
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
seals, pulling on the seal by hand may be sufficient to indicate
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
if reapplication into the damaged locking mechanism has been
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. affected. In the case of attack through methods of fatiguing
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F1158 − 94 (2008)
(cyclic loading), plastic seals can reveal a bank of discolorat
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