ASTM A1035/A1035M-04
(Specification)Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain, Low-carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain, Low-carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers low-carbon, chromium, steel bars, deformed and plain for concrete reinforcement in cut lengths and coils. The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations are given in . The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.2 Bars are of a single minimum yield strength level as defined in : namely, 100 000 psi [690 MPa].
Note—Designers need to be aware that typical design standards limit the design strength to 80 000 psi [550 MPa], and that deformed reinforcing bar with a material specified yield strength fy exceeding 60 000 psi [420 MPa] is permitted, providing fy is the stress corresponding to a strain of 0.35 %. Members reinforced with bars with yield strengths that are considerably above 80 000 psi [550 MPa] may exhibit behavior that differs from that expected of conventional reinforced concrete members or may require special detailing to ensure adequate performance at service and factored loads.
1.3 Deformed bars shall have a minimum yield strength and other tensile properties in accordance with . Hot-rolled plain rounds in sizes up to and including 2.25 in. [57.2 mm] in diameter in coils or cut lengths when specified for dowels, spirals, structural ties or bar supports shall be furnished under this specification and shall also meet the tensile properties requirements of . Ductility properties for plain rounds shall be those of the nearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size in . Requirements covering deformation dimensions and marking are not applicable to plain rounds.Note 1
Welding of the material in this specification should be approached with caution since no specific provisions have been included to enhance its weldability. When this steel is to be welded, a welding procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use or service should be used.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (as Specification A 1035) or in SI units (as Specification A 1035M).
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
Designation: A 1035/A 1035M – 04
Standard Specification for
Deformed and Plain, Low-carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for
Concrete Reinforcement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 1035/A 1035M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either
inch-pound units (as Specification A 1035) or in SI units (as
1.1 This specification covers low-carbon, chromium, steel
Specification A 1035M).
bars, deformed and plain for concrete reinforcement in cut
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
lengths and coils. The standard sizes and dimensions of
are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are
deformed bars and their number designations are given in
shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not
Table 1. The text of this specification references notes and
exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systems
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
may result in nonconformance with the specification.
considered as requirements of the specification.
1.2 Bars are of a single minimum yield strength level as
2. Referenced Documents
defined in 9.2: namely, 100 000 psi [690 MPa].
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—Designers need to be aware that typical design standards limit
A 6/A 6M Specification for General Requirements for
the design strength to 80 000 psi [550 MPa], and that deformed reinforc-
Rolled Structural, Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet
ing bar with a material specified yield strength f exceeding 60 000 psi
y
Piling
[420 MPa] is permitted, providing f is the stress corresponding to a strain
y
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of 0.35 %. Members reinforced with bars with yield strengths that are
of Steel Products
considerably above 80 000 psi [550 MPa] may exhibit behavior that
differs from that expected of conventional reinforced concrete members or
A 510/A 510M Specification for General Requirements for
may require special detailing to ensure adequate performance at service
Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
and factored loads.
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
1.3 Deformed bars shall have a minimum yield strength and Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
other tensile properties in accordance with Table 2. Hot-rolled A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
plain rounds in sizes up to and including 2.25 in. [57.2 mm] in Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
diameter in coils or cut lengths when specified for dowels, E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
spirals, structural ties or bar supports shall be furnished under Determine Conformance with Specifications
this specification and shall also meet the tensile properties 2.2 U.S. Military Standards:
requirements of Table 2. Ductility properties for plain rounds MIL STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
shall be those of the nearest smaller nominal diameter de- MIL STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment
formed bar size in Table 2. Requirements covering deformation and Storage
dimensions and marking are not applicable to plain rounds. 2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
NOTE 2—Welding of the material in this specification should be
approached with caution since no specific provisions have been included
3. Terminology
to enhance its weldability. When this steel is to be welded, a welding
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use or
service should be used.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee the ASTM website.
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 1035/A 1035M – 04
TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights [Masses], Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements
B
Nominal Dimensions Deformation Requirements, in. [mm]
Bar Designation Nominal Weight, lb/ft
Cross-Sectional Maximum Minimum Maximum Gap
A
Diameter, Perimeter
No. [Nominal Mass, kg/m]
Area, Average Average (Chord of 12.5 % of
in. [mm] in. [mm]
2 2
in. [mm ] Spacing Height Nominal Perimeter)
3 [10] 0.376 [0.560] 0.375 [9.5] 0.11 [71] 1.178 [29.9] 0.262 [6.7] 0.015 [0.38] 0.143 [3.6]
4 [13] 0.668 [0.994] 0.500 [12.7] 0.20 [129] 1.571 [39.9] 0.350 [8.9] 0.020 [0.51] 0.191 [4.9]
5 [16] 1.043 [1.552] 0.625 [15.9] 0.31 [199] 1.963 [49.9] 0.437 [11.1] 0.028 [0.71] 0.239 [6.1]
6 [19] 1.502 [2.235] 0.750 [19.1] 0.44 [284] 2.356 [59.8] 0.525 [13.3] 0.038 [0.97] 0.286 [7.3]
7 [22] 2.044 [3.042] 0.875 [22.2] 0.60 [387] 2.749 [69.8] 0.612 [15.5] 0.044 [1.12] 0.334 [8.5]
8 [25] 2.670 [3.973] 1.000 [25.4] 0.79 [510] 3.142 [79.8] 0.700 [17.8] 0.050 [1.27] 0.383 [9.7]
9 [29] 3.400 [5.060] 1.128 [28.7] 1.00 [645] 3.544 [90.0] 0.790 [20.1] 0.056 [1.42] 0.431 [10.9]
10 [32] 4.303 [6.404] 1.270 [32.3] 1.27 [819] 3.990 [101.3] 0.889 [22.6] 0.064 [1.63] 0.487 [12.4]
11 [36] 5.313 [7.907] 1.410 [35.8] 1.56 [1006] 4.430 [112.5] 0.987 [25.1] 0.071 [1.80] 0.540 [13.7]
14 [43] 7.65 [11.38] 1.693 [43.0] 2.25 [1452] 5.32 [135.1] 1.185 [30.1] 0.085 [2.16] 0.648 [16.5]
18 [57] 13.60 [20.24] 2.257 [57.3] 4.00 [2581] 7.09 [180.1] 1.58 [40.1] 0.102 [2.59] 0.864 [21.9]
A
Bar numbers are based on the number of eighths of an inch included in the nominal diameter of the bars [bar numbers approximate the number of millimeters of the
nominal diameter of the bar].
B
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight [mass] per foot [meter] as the deformed bar.
TABLE 2 Tensile Properties Requirements
5. Materials and Manufacture
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 150 000 [1030]
5.1 The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats of
Yield strength (0.2 % offset), min, psi [MPa] 100 000 [690]
mold cast or strand cast steel using the basic oxygen, electric-
Stress corresponding to an extension under load 80 000 [550]
of 0.0035 in./in. (0.0035 mm/mm), min, psi [MPa] furnace, or open-hearth process.
Elongation in 8 in. [203.2 mm], min. %:
Bar Designation No.
6. Chemical Composition
3 through 11 [10 through 36] 7
14, 18 [43, 57] 6
6.1 The chemical analysis of each heat shall be determined
in accordance with Test Methods A 751. The manufacturer
shall make the analysis on test samples taken preferably during
the pouring of the heat. The percentages of carbon, manganese,
3.1.1 deformed bar, n—steel bar with protrusions; a bar that
phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, and nitrogen, shall be
is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforced concrete
determined and reported as required in Section 16.
construction.
6.2 The chemical composition as shown by heat analysis
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The surface of the bar is provided with
shall be limited by the following:
A
lugs or protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of the
Element max,
Carbon 0.15 %
bar relative to the concrete surrounding the bar in such
Chromium 8.0 to 10.0 %
construction. The lugs or protrusions conform to the provisions
Manganese 1.5 %
of this specification.
Nitrogen 0.05 %
Phosphorus 0.035 %
3.1.2 deformations, n—protrusions on a deformed bar.
Sulfur 0.045 %
3.1.3 plain bar, n—steel bar without protrusions. Silicon 0.50 %
A
3.1.4 rib, n—longitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar. Maximum unless range is indicated Percentages refer to weight percentages.
3.1.5 lot, n—all the bars of one bar size or pattern of
7. Requirements for Deformation
deformation contained in an individual shipping release or
7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substan-
shipping order.
tially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides of
the bar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern.
4. Ordering Information
7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axis
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45°. Where
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered to this
the line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis
specification. Such requirements shall include but are not
of the bar from 45 to 70° inclusive, the deformations shall
limited to the following:
alternately reverse in direction on each side, or those on one
4.1.1 Quantity (weight) [mass],
side shall be reversed in direction from those on the opposite
4.1.2 Name of material: low-carbon, chromium, steel bars side. Where the line of deformations is over 70°, a reversal in
for concrete reinforcement,
direction shall not be required.
7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations
4.1.3 Size,
on each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of the
4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils,
nominal diameter of the bar.
4.1.5 Deformed or plain,
7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such that the
4.1.6 Packaging (see Section 21),
gap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deforma-
4.1.7 ASTM designation and year of issue, and
tions on opposite sides of the bar shall not exceed 12 ⁄2 %of
4.1.8 Certified mill test reports. the nominal perimeter of the bar. Where the ends terminate in
A 1035/A 1035M – 04
a longitudinal rib, the width of the longitudinal rib shall be portion. The requirements for degree of bending and sizes of
considered the gap. Where more than two longitudinal ribs are pins are prescribed in Table 3. When material is furnished in
involved, the total width of all longitudinal ribs shall not coils, the test sample shall be straightened prior to placement in
exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar; furthermore, the bend tester.
the summation of gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal 10.2 The bend test shall be made on specimens of sufficient
perimeter of the bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be length to ensure free bending and with apparatus, which
3.1416 times the nominal diameter. provides:
7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall 10.2.1 Continuous and uniform application of force
conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. throughout the duration of the bending operation.
10.2.2 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points of
8. Measurements of Deformation
contact with the apparatus and bending around a pin free to
rotate.
8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be deter-
10.2.3 Close wrapping of the specimen around the pin
mined by measuring the length of a minimum of 10 spaces and
during the bending operation.
dividing that length by the number of spaces included in the
10.3 It is permissible to use more severe methods of bend
measurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on a
testing, such as placing a specimen across two pins free to
deformation at the beginning of the first space to a correspond-
rotate and applying the bending force with a fixed pin. When
ing point on a deformation after the last included space.
failures occur under more severe methods, retests shall be
Spacing measurements shall not be made over a bar area
permitted under the bend test method prescribed in 10.2.
containing bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.
8.2 The average height of deformations shall be determined
11. Permissible Variation in Weight [Mass]
from measurements made on not less than two typical defor-
11.1 Deformed reinforcing bars shall be evaluated on the
mations. Determinations shall be based on three measurements
basis of nominal weight [mass]. The weight [mass] determined
per deformation, one at the center of the overall length and the
using the measured weight [mass] of the test specimen and
other two at the quarter points of the overall length.
rounding in accordance with Practice E 29, shall be at least
8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient circumferential cover-
94 % of the applicable weight [mass] per unit length prescribed
age, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not constitute
in Table 1. In no case shall overweight [excess mass] of any
cause for rejection unless it has been clearly established by
deformed bar be the cause for rejection. Weight [mass]
determinations on each lot tested that typical deformation
variation for plain rounds shall be computed on the basis of
height, gap, or spacing do not conform to the minimum
permissible variation in diameter. For plain bars smaller than ⁄8
requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection shall be
in. [9.5 mm], use Specification A 510/A 510M. For larger bars
made on the basis of measurements if fewer than ten adjacent
up to and including 2.25 in. [57.2 mm], use Specification
deformations on each side of the bar are measured.
A 6/A 6M.
9. Tensile Requirements
12. Finish
9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall
12.1 The bars shall be free of detrimental surface imperfec-
conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed in
tions.
Table 2.
12.2 Rust, seams, surface irregularities, or mill scale oxida-
9.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset
tion shall not be cause for rejection, provided the mass,
method (0.2 % offset), described in Test Methods and Defini-
dimensions, cross-sectional area, and tensile properties of a test
tions A 370. In addition, the stress corresponding to a tensile
specimen are not less than the requirements of this specifica-
strain of 0.0035 shall be a minimum of 80 000 psi [550 MPa].
tion.
NOTE 3—The stress-strain curves for bars meeting this specification do
12.3 Surface imperfections or flaws other than those speci-
not have a well-defined yield point (that is, yield is not characterized by
fied in 12.2 shall be considered detrimental when specimens
a sharp knee or discontinuity similarly to stainless steel bars). The
containing such imperfections fail to conform to either tensile
provisions of 9.2 require that the yield strength (minimum 100 000 psi) be
or bending requirements. Examples include, but are not limited
measured
...
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