ASTM D5154-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Activity and Selectivity of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test
Standard Test Method for Determining Activity and Selectivity of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The microactivity test provides data to assess the relative performance of FCC catalysts. Because results are affected by catalyst pretreatment, feedstock characteristics, test equipment, and operating parameters, adherence to this test method is a prerequisite for correct interpretation of results. Apparatus, test conditions, and analytical procedures actually used should closely resemble those described in this test method. Significant variations in apparatus, test conditions and/or analytical procedures may result in activity and selectivity data which do not correlate with data developed by other laboratories on identical catalyst/feedstock samples.
The standard method reaction temperature is 516°C (960°F). Other reaction temperatures can be used; however, catalyst selectivity data developed at temperatures other than 516°C may not correlate with selectivity data developed at 516°C. Also, precision at other reaction temperatures may change compared to data obtained at 516°C.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determining the activity and selectivity of either equilibrium or laboratory deactivated fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts. The activity is evaluated on the basis of weight percent conversion of gas oil in a microactivity unit. The selectivities are evaluated on the basis of weight percent yields of specifically defined products resulting from the catalytic cracking of gas oil.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5154–05
Standard Test Method for
Determining Activity and Selectivity of Fluid Catalytic
1
Cracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5154; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 activity—calculated as conversion divided by the
difference of 100 minus conversion.
1.1 This test method covers determining the activity and
3.1.2 ASTM reference catalysts—a set of equilibrium FCC
selectivity of either equilibrium or laboratory deactivated fluid
catalysts within the useful range of this test method is used to
catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts. The activity is evaluated on
improve the reproducibility of test results between different
the basis of mass percent conversion of gas oil in a microac-
laboratories. Each catalyst has a consensus mean conversion
tivity unit. The selectivities are evaluated on the basis of mass
value assigned to it by Committee D32. Samples of theASTM
percent yields of specifically defined products resulting from
reference catalysts can be obtained through NIST.
the catalytic cracking of gas oil.
3.1.3 ASTMstandardfeed—aspecificbatchofgasoilthatis
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
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used as feedstock in the described test method.
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
3.1.4 catalyst/oil (C/O) ratio—the mass of catalyst used in
information only.
the test divided by the mass of feed fed to the reactor. In
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
practice, the mass of catalyst is usually maintained at a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
constant value and the total mass of feed is varied.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.5 contacttime—calculatedas3600/(WHSV·C/O).This
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
is the delivery time, in seconds, during which feed is intro-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
duced to the reactor.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.6 HCO—the heavy cycle oil product defined to have a
2
minimum boiling point of 343°C (650°F).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.7 LCO—the light cycle oil product defined to have a
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of
boiling point range of 216 to 343°C (421 to 650°F).
Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
3.1.8 measured conversion—calculated as the difference
D3907 Test Method for Testing Fluid Catalytic Cracking
between the mass of feed used and the mass of unconverted
(FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test
material divided by the mass of feed used times 100 %. The
D4463 Guide for Metals Free Steam Deactivation of Fresh
unconverted material is defined as all liquid product with a
Fluid Cracking Catalysts
boiling point above 216°C (42°F).
E105 Practice for Probability Sampling Of Materials
3.1.9 normalized product yield—the result obtained when
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
each product yield has been corrected for non-perfect mass
ASTM Test Methods
balances. For a run to be judged acceptable, the total recovery,
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
wt % of feed, should be in the range of 96 to 101 % prior to
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
normalization. If the recovery is outside this range the test data
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
should be discarded.
3. Terminology
3.1.10 product yield—one hundred times the mass of a
specific product divided by the mass of feed used in the test.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.11 reactionseverity—anindicationoftheseverityofthe
cracking reaction which allows a range of conversions to be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 on
obtained from any particular catalyst without changing reactor
Catalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.04 on Catalytic
temperature. Changing reaction severity is achieved by chang-
Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
ing WHSV or C/O ratio or both.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5154–03. DOI:
10.1520/D5154-05.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 3460, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.
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