ASTM D6131-97(2012)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Relative Tint Undertone of Titanium Dioxide Pigments
Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Relative Tint Undertone of Titanium Dioxide Pigments
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method allows the user to make a quick determination of the blueness or yellowness of the tint undertone of titanium dioxide pigments, versus a reference pigment agreed upon by the parties to the test. This is an important measure of tone, since it gives both a measure of effective particle size, and quick approximation of the blue/yellow undertone that can be expected when a coating containing the titanium dioxide is tinted.
5.2 Such matters as the vehicle for preparing the dispersions, and the black for tinting have been suggested. However, changes in the components may be made by agreement between the buyer and the seller.
5.3 The results obtained with a mechanical muller do not necessarily correlate directly with a practice where different dispersion conditions exist. However, dispersion with a mechanical muller is a quick and inexpensive way of evaluating the undertone of a titanium dioxide pigment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the tint undertone (blue or yellow) of titanium dioxide pigments. This relates to the effective particle size of the pigment. It is based upon tinting with a black iron oxide, but other blacks may be used if found suitable.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D6131 − 97 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Relative Tint Undertone of Titanium Dioxide
Pigments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6131; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Any special terms used in this test method can be found
1.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the
in Terminology D16.
tint undertone (blue or yellow) of titanium dioxide pigments.
This relates to the effective particle size of the pigment. It is
4. Summary of Test Method
based upon tinting with a black iron oxide, but other blacks
4.1 Titaniumdioxidepigmentsaredispersedinablackpaste
may be used if found suitable.
with a mechanical muller. Test and reference pigments are
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
treated identically. The resultant grey pastes are applied to
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
glass cover slips and read instrumentally. These readings are
standard.
then used to calculate the yellowness index.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 This test method allows the user to make a quick
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determination of the blueness or yellowness of the tint under-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tone of titanium dioxide pigments, versus a reference pigment
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
agreed upon by the parties to the test. This is an important
measure of tone, since it gives both a measure of effective
2. Referenced Documents
particle size, and quick approximation of the blue/yellow
2.1 ASTM Standards:
undertone that can be expected when a coating containing the
D16 TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
titanium dioxide is tinted.
Applications
5.2 Such matters as the vehicle for preparing the
D2745 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
dispersions, and the black for tinting have been suggested.
Pigments by Reflectance Measurements
However, changes in the components may be made by agree-
E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness
ment between the buyer and the seller.
Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
5.3 The results obtained with a mechanical muller do not
E1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
necessarily correlate directly with a practice where different
Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
dispersion conditions exist. However, dispersion with a me-
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
chanical muller is a quick and inexpensive way of evaluating
surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
the undertone of a titanium dioxide pigment.
E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45°:0° or 0°:45°)
6. Apparatus
Geometry
6.1 Balances, meeting the requirements of Test Method
D2745.
6.2 Mechanical Muller, equipped with ground-glass plates
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
to which a variable but known force may be added in 220–N
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.26 on Optical Properties.
increments. The driven glass plate shall have a speed of
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2012.PublishedJuly2012.Originallyapproved
rotation of between 70 and 120 r/min and the apparatus shall
in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6131 – 97 (2004). DOI:
have an arrangement for presetting the number of revolutions
10.1520/D6131-97R12.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or in multiples of 50.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.3 Rubbing Surfaces, meeting the requirements of Test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Doc
...
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