ASTM F2054/F2054M-13(2020)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Burst Testing of Flexible Package Seals Using Internal Air Pressurization Within Restraining Plates
Standard Test Method for Burst Testing of Flexible Package Seals Using Internal Air Pressurization Within Restraining Plates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test provides a rapid means of evaluating tendencies for package seal failure when the package is exposed to a pressure differential. Pressure differentials may occur during such processes as sterilization and transportation. This test method provides an indicator of the burst strength of a package, where the burst will normally occur in one or more areas of the seal. An indicator of the minimum burst strength may be of importance to the package manufacturer and end user in ensuring adequate package integrity. This test method cannot provide a measure of package seal uniformity. This test method also cannot provide an evaluation of overall package integrity or the burst strength of areas of the package that contact the surface of the restraining plates used. This test method should be combined with other methods of evaluating overall package integrity, uniformity of the package seal, or opening functionality, if so required.
5.2 This test frequently is used to quickly evaluate package seal strength during the manufacturing process and at various stages of the package's life cycle.
5.3 If correlations between pieces of test equipment are to be made it is important that all parameters of the test be equivalent. Typical parameters can include, but are not limited to the package size, material, type and configuration of seal, rate of air flow into the package, pressure detection sensing mechanism and sensitivity (machine response to pressure drop), position of test article, rigidity of restraining plates, and distance between restraining plates. See Appendix X2 for further information.
5.4 This test may not necessarily provide correlation with package seal strength as typically measured using Test Methods F1140 or F88 (or equivalents).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the minimum burst strength of a seal placed around the perimeter of a flexible package as it is internally pressurized and enclosed within restraining plates.
1.2 The test methods described herein are functionally similar to Test Methods F1140 with the exception of the use of restraining plates. Test Methods F1140 describes methods of burst testing that do not include the use of restraining plates and are suitable to determine a packages general ability to withstand pressurization stresses. Under Test Methods F1140 the stresses are not distributed uniformly to all areas of the package seal. Under unrestrained conditions the stress on the package is highest at the middle of the pouch where it inflates to the packages maximum diameter; therefore, Test Methods F1140 may not reliably detect the weakest area of the seal.
1.3 The burst test internally and increasingly pressurizes a package until an area of the package seal around the perimeter “bursts” open in response to pressurization. By placing the package within restraining plates during pressurization, the dimensional stability of the package is maintained in a manner that results in stresses applied more uniformly along the perimeter of the package, where seals are normally placed. This allows the test to have a higher probability of detecting the weakest area of the seal and provide a measurement of the pressure required to “burst” open the package.
1.4 This test only applies to flexible packages with seals placed around the perimeter of a flexible package (often referred to as a pouch). In particular it is intended as applicable to packages with seals that have a peelable seal feature (peeled open by end user to remove contents of package).
1.4.1 Porous barrier materials' failure to reach adequate pressure to burst the package seals may be due to insufficient volume flow. See Appendix X4 for information.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with t...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F2054/F2054M −13 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Burst Testing of Flexible Package Seals Using Internal Air
1
Pressurization Within Restraining Plates
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF2054/F2054M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4.1 Porous barrier materials’ failure to reach adequate
pressure to burst the package seals may be due to insufficient
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining
volume flow. See Appendix X4 for information.
the minimum burst strength of a seal placed around the
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
perimeter of a flexible package as it is internally pressurized
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
and enclosed within restraining plates.
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
1.2 The test methods described herein are functionally
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
similar toTest Methods F1140 with the exception of the use of
used independently of the other, and values from the two
restraining plates. Test Methods F1140 describes methods of
systems shall not be combined.
burst testing that do not include the use of restraining plates
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and are suitable to determine a packages general ability to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
withstand pressurization stresses. Under Test Methods F1140
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the stresses are not distributed uniformly to all areas of the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
package seal. Under unrestrained conditions the stress on the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
package is highest at the middle of the pouch where it inflates
Particularcautionisadvisedwhereusersofthisproceduremay
to the packages maximum diameter; therefore, Test Methods
be required to design and fabricate restraining plate fixtures.
F1140 may not reliably detect the weakest area of the seal.
Reference Appendix X3 for further information regarding
1.3 The burst test internally and increasingly pressurizes a
calculation of stress factors and structural design consider-
package until an area of the package seal around the perimeter
ations.
“bursts” open in response to pressurization. By placing the
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
package within restraining plates during pressurization, the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
dimensional stability of the package is maintained in a manner
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
that results in stresses applied more uniformly along the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
perimeter of the package, where seals are normally placed.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Thisallowsthetesttohaveahigherprobabilityofdetectingthe
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
weakest area of the seal and provide a measurement of the
2. Referenced Documents
pressure required to “burst” open the package.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 This test only applies to flexible packages with seals
E171Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
placed around the perimeter of a flexible package (often
Packaging
referredtoasapouch).Inparticularitisintendedasapplicable
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
to packages with seals that have a peelable seal feature (peeled
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
open by end user to remove contents of package).
F17Terminology Relating to Primary Barrier Packaging
F88Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier
Materials
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF02onPrimary
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 on
2
Physical Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2020.PublishedJuly2020.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2054–13. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F2054_F2054M-13R20. the ASTM website.
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