ASTM E2611-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Normal Incidence Determination of Porous Material Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method
Standard Test Method for Normal Incidence Determination of Porous Material Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are several purposes of this test:
5.1.1 For transmission loss: (a) to characterize the sound insulation characteristics of materials in a less expensive and less time consuming approach than Test Method E90 and ISO 140-3 (“reverberant room methods”), (b) to allow small samples tested when larger samples are impossible to construct or to transport, (c) to allow a rapid technique that does not require an experienced professional to run.
5.1.2 For transfer matrix: (a) to determine additional acoustic properties of the material; (b) to allow calculation of acoustic properties of built-up or composite materials by the combination of their individual transfer matrices.
5.2 There are significant differences between this method and that of the more traditional reverberant room method. Specifically, in this approach the sound impinges on the specimen in a perpendicular direction (“normal incidence”) only, compared to the random incidence of traditional methods. Additionally, revereration room methods specify certain minimum sizes for test specimens which may not be practical for all materials. At present the correlation, if any, between the two methods is not known. Even though this method may not replicate the reverberant room methods for measuring the transmission loss of materials, it can provide comparison data for small specimens, something that cannot be done in the reverberant room method. Normal incidence transmission loss may also be useful in certain situations where the material is placed within a small acoustical cavity close to a sound source, for example, a closely-fitted machine enclosure or portable electronic device.
5.3 Transmission loss is not only a property of a material, but is also strongly dependent on boundary conditions inherent in the method and details of the way the material is mounted. This must be considered in the interpretation of the results obtained by this test method.
5.4 The quantities are measured as a functio...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of a tube, four microphones, and a digital frequency analysis system for the measurement of normal incident transmission loss and other important acoustic properties of materials by determination of the acoustic transfer matrix.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: E2611 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Normal Incidence Determination of Porous Material
1
Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2611; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 140-3 Acoustics—Measurement of Sound Insulation in
1.1 This test method covers the use of a tube, four
Buildings and of Building Elements—Part 3: Laboratory
microphones, and a digital frequency analysis system for the
Measurement of Airborne Sound Insulation of Building
measurement of normal incident transmission loss and other
3
Elements
important acoustic properties of materials by determination of
the acoustic transfer matrix.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions—Theacousticalterminologyusedinthistest
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
method is intended to be consistent with the definitions in
standard.
Terminology C634.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 reference plane—an arbitrary section, perpendicular to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the longitudinal axis of the tube that is used for the origin of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
lineardimensions.Oftenitistheupstream(closesttothesound
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
source) face of the specimen but, when specimen surfaces are
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
irregular, it may be any convenient plane near the specimen.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.2 sound transmission coeffıcient, τ—(dimensionless) of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
a material in a specified frequency band, the fraction of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
airborne sound power incident on a material that is transmitted
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
by the material and radiated on the other side.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
W
t
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
τ 5
W
i
2. Referenced Documents
where:
2
W and W = the transmitted and incident sound power.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
t i
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
3.1.3 sound transmission loss, TL—of a material in a speci-
Acoustics
fied frequency band, ten times the common logarithm of the
E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne
reciprocal of the sound transmission coefficient. The quantity
Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and
so obtained is expressed in decibels.
Elements
W 1
i
E1050 Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of
TL 5 10 log 5 10 log
S D S D
10 10
W τ
t
Acoustical Materials Using aTube,Two Microphones and
3.1.3.1 Discussion—In this standard the symbol TL will be
n
a Digital Frequency Analysis System
applied to sound which impinges at an angle normal to the test
specimen, as opposed to an arbitrary or random angle of
incidence.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE33onBuilding
3.2 Symbols:
and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
c = speed of sound, m/s.
E33.01 on Sound Absorption.
3
Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally
ρ = density of air, kg/m .
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2611 – 09. DOI:
f = frequency, hertz, (Hz).
10.1520/E2611-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2611 − 17
NOTE 1—A, B, C, and D are the forward and backward components of the standing wave field. 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the measurement locations; 0 is an
optional reference location. Distances are measured from the specimen reference plane.
FIG. 1 Schematic Drawing of Measurement Setup
accounts for the effects of viscous and thermal dissipation in the
G , G , etc. = auto power spectra (autospectrum) of the
11 22
oscillatory, thermoviscous boundary layer that forms on the inner surface
acoustic pressure signal at microphone locations 1, 2
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2611 − 09 E2611 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Normal Incidence Sound Transmission of
Acoustical MaterialsDetermination of Porous Material
1
Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2611; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the use of a tube, four microphones, and a digital frequency analysis system for the measurement
of normal incident transmission loss and other important acoustic properties of materials by determination of the acoustic transfer
matrix.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements
E1050 Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials Using a Tube, Two Microphones and a Digital
Frequency Analysis System
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 140-3 Acoustics—Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and of Building Elements—Part 3: Laboratory
3
Measurement of Airborne Sound Insulation of Building Elements
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The acoustical terminology used in this test method is intended to be consistent with the definitions in
Terminology C634.
3.1.1 reference plane—an arbitrary section, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tube that is used for the origin of linear
dimensions. Often it is the upstream (closest to the sound source) face of the specimen but, when specimen surfaces are irregular,
it may be any convenient plane near the specimen.
3.1.2 sound transmission coeffıcient, τ—(dimensionless) of a material in a specified frequency band, the fraction of airborne
sound power incident on a material that is transmitted by the material and radiated on the other side.
W
t
τ5
W
i
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.01
on Sound Absorption.
Current edition approved March 1, 2009April 1, 2017. Published March 2009July 2017. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
E2611 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/E2611-09.10.1520/E2611-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2611 − 17
where:
W and W = the transmitted and incident sound power.
t i
3.1.3 sound transmission loss, TL—of a material in a specified frequency band, ten times the common logarithm of the
reciprocal of the sound transmission coefficient. The quantity so obtained is expressed in decibels.
W 1
i
TL 5 10 log 5 10 log
S D S D
10 10
W τ
t
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
In this standard the symbol TL will be applied to sound which impinges at an angle normal to the test specimen, as opposed to
n
an arbitrary or random angle of incidence.
3.2 Symbols:
c = speed of sound, m/s.
3
ρ = density of air, kg/m .
f = frequency, hertz, (Hz).
G , G , etc. = auto power spectra (autospectrum) of the acoustic pressure signal at microphone locations 1, 2, and so on.
11 22
...
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