ASTM D6038-14

Standard Test Methods for Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature (Cloud Point)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods provide a means of determining the compatibility of a resin (or vehicle), at low concentrations, in a high boiling ink solvent.  
5.2 Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit a high precipitation temperature are less compatible than those exhibiting a low precipitation temperature.  
5.3 Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit precipitation temperatures at or close to the cloud point of the pure solvent are considered infinitely compatible or the resin is infinitely soluble in that solvent.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the manual and automatic procedures for testing the compatibility of lithographic ink resins in high boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature (cloud point) in a range from 35 to 210°C.  
1.2 The manual procedure in this test method uses laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory. The automated procedure uses a programmable cloudpoint tester.  
1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerol esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite.  
1.4 A resin solution or ink vehicle could also be used in this test instead of the resin.  
1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C12 to C16 petroleum distillates.  
1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, this test method should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60°C as determined by Test Method D56. Note 1—Users of this test method should be aware that the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D56 and D1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Safety precautions should be taken since there is the potential for vapor ignition. The method outlined should be done in a shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2013
• ICS: 83.040.01 - Raw materials for rubber and plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.37 - Ink Vehicles

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6038 − 14
Standard Test Methods for
Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by
1
Precipitation Temperature (Cloud Point)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 These test methods cover the manual and automatic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
procedures for testing the compatibility of lithographic ink
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
resins in high boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(cloud point) in a range from 35 to 210°C.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The manual procedure in this test method uses labora-
2
tory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped
2.1 ASTM Standards:
laboratory. The automated procedure uses a programmable
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
cloudpoint tester.
D1310 TestMethodforFlashPointandFirePointofLiquids
by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
resins are typically, but not limited to C aromatic hydrocarbon
9
3
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
or glycerol esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins
such as gilsonite.
3. Terminology
1.4 Aresin solution or ink vehicle could also be used in this
3.1 Definitions:
test instead of the resin.
3.1.1 cloud point, n—(precipitation temperature) the tem-
1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C to
perature at which a resin/solvent mixture changes from clear to
12
C petroleum distillates.
turbid and opaque.
16
3.1.2 compatibility, n—resin and solvent mixture forms a
1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, this test
clear, homogeneous, and stable solution at room temperature.
method should not be used with low flash point solvents such
as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents
3.1.3 incompatibility, n—resin and solvent mixture does not
used should be 60°C as determined by Test Method D56.
form a uniform solution and may be in two phases or opaque.
3.1.4 precipitation,n—resinseparatesfromtheresin/solvent
NOTE 1—Users of this test method should be aware that the flash point
of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D56 and
mixture.
D1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Safety
3.1.5 solubility, n—the degree of resin compatibility in a
precautions should be taken since there is the potential for vapor ignition.
given solution.
The method outlined should be done in a shielded exhaust hood, where
there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 A 10 % by weight mixture of the resin (or ink vehicle)
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
to be tested in the reference solvent (or vice versa) is heated in
standard.
a test tube and stirred until a clear solution is obtained.
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.37 on Ink Vehicles. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014. Published January 2014. Originally the ASTM website.
ε1 3
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6038 – 05 . DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D6038-14. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6038 − 14
4.2 The solution is allowed to cool. The cloud point is the 7.6 Auxiliary Equipment, (that is, mixing loop (if desired),
low
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6038 − 05 D6038 − 14
Standard Test Methods for
Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by
1
Precipitation Temperature (Cloud Point)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Added research report footnote to Section 11 editorially in September 2008.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the manual and automatic procedures for testing the compatibility of lithographic ink resins in high
boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature (cloud point) in a range from 35 to 210°C.
1.2 The manual procedure in this test method uses laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped
laboratory. The automated procedure uses the Chemotronic Cloudpoint Tester. a programmable cloudpoint tester.
1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are
typically, but not limited to C aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerol
9
esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite.
1.4 A resin solution or ink vehicle could also be used in this test instead of the resin.
1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C to C petroleum distillates.
12 16
1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, this test method should not be used with low flash point solvents such as
toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60°C (140°F) as determined by Test Method D56.
NOTE 1—Users of this test method should be aware that the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D56 and D1310)
is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Safety precautions should be taken since there is the potential for vapor ignition. The method outlined
should be done in a shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Point of Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Specialty Chemicals
3
(Withdrawn 2009)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.37 on Ink Vehicles.
Current edition approved July 1, 2005Jan. 1, 2014. Published August 2005January 2014. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 19962005 as
ε1
D6038 – 96.D6038 – 05 . DOI: 10.1520/D6038-05E01.10.1520/D6038-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6038 − 14
3.1.1 cloud point, n—(precipitation temperature) the temperature at which a resin/solvent mixture changes from clear to turbid
and opaque.
3.1.2 compatibility, n—resin and solvent mixture forms a clear, homogeneous, and stable solution.solution at ro
...