Standard Test Methods for Rough Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods will allow the user to determine integrity and stability of the load as well as provide guidance to improve the design of the shipping container or the unit load where deficiencies are found.
Damage to products or packages observed during testing can be expected to correlate at least in a qualitative way to damage observed in actual distribution handling systems.
The results received from shock machine testing and free fall drop testing are different for certain products. Where this test is performed to satisfy a regulatory or contractual requirement, its use is subject to approval by the agency concerned.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing the integrity of unitized loads and large shipping cases and crates as well as the ability of the contents to endure rough handling. Not all of the test methods are applicable to all products, containers, and loads. These test methods are applicable to common means of material handling as follows:
1.1.1 Test Method A, B, C, D, and E—Drop Test—For measuring the ability of the case or crate or unitized load to withstand rough handling impacts and provide information useful in improving the design of the container. Normally, Test Methods A and B are not applied to unitized loads.
1.1.2 Test Method F—Tip Test—For determining if filled tall or top heavy cases, crates, or unitized loads will tip over when tilted to a predetermined angle.
1.1.3 Method G—Tipover Test—For determining the ability of filled large shipping cases or crates to resist the impacts associated with tipover hazards, and for determining the ability of the packaging and packing methods to provide protection to the contents, when the case or crate is tipped over.
Note 1—Test Method G fulfills the requirements of ISO 8768. ISO 8768 may not meet the requirements for Test Method G.
1.1.4 Test Method H—Rolling Test—For determining the ability of complete, filled large shipping cases or crates to withstand the effects of rolling.
Note 2—Test Method H fulfills the requirements of ISO 2876. ISO 2876 may not meet the requirements for Test Method H.
1.2 Additional Test Procedures:
1.2.1 Test methods for mechanical handling of unitized loads and large shipping cases and crates are set forth in Test Method D 6055. Additional tests that apply to mechanical handling of unitized loads and large cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test Method D 880 and horizontal impact tests, described in Test Methods D 4003 and Test Method D 5277. Test Methods D 4003 includes a special pallet marshaling test and Test Methods D 1185 provides test methods for pallets and related structures.
1.2.2 Practice D 4169 provides a series of options for selecting and running performance tests on all types of shipping containers and systems.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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Publication Date
31-Mar-2007
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ASTM D6179-07 - Standard Test Methods for Rough Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6179 − 07
StandardTest Methods for
Rough Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping
1
Cases and Crates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6179; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope pallet marshaling test and Test Methods D1185 provides test
methods for pallets and related structures.
1.1 Thesetestmethodscovertestingtheintegrityofunitized
1.2.2 Practice D4169 provides a series of options for select-
loads and large shipping cases and crates as well as the ability
ing and running performance tests on all types of shipping
of the contents to endure rough handling. Not all of the test
containers and systems.
methods are applicable to all products, containers, and loads.
These test methods are applicable to common means of
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
material handling as follows:
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
1.1.1 Test Method A, B, C, D, and E—Drop Test—For
information only.
measuring the ability of the case or crate or unitized load to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
withstand rough handling impacts and provide information
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
useful in improving the design of the container. Normally, Test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Methods A and B are not applied to unitized loads.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1.2 Test Method F—Tip Test —For determining if filled
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tall or top heavy cases, crates, or unitized loads will tip over
when tilted to a predetermined angle.
2. Referenced Documents
1.1.3 Method G—Tipover Test —For determining the ability
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of filled large shipping cases or crates to resist the impacts
D880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Contain-
associated with tipover hazards, and for determining the ability
ers and Systems
of the packaging and packing methods to provide protection to
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
the contents, when the case or crate is tipped over.
ments
NOTE 1—Test Method G fulfills the requirements of ISO 8768. ISO
D1185 Test Methods for Pallets and Related Structures
8768 may not meet the requirements for Test Method G.
Employed in Materials Handling and Shipping
1.1.4 Test Method H—Rolling Test—For determining the
D4003 Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact
ability of complete, filled large shipping cases or crates to
Test for Shipping Containers and Systems
withstand the effects of rolling.
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
tainers and Systems
NOTE 2—Test Method H fulfills the requirements of ISO 2876. ISO
2876 may not meet the requirements for Test Method H.
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
Packaging Components for Testing
1.2 Additional Test Procedures :
D5276 Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by
1.2.1 Test methods for mechanical handling of unitized
Free Fall
loads and large shipping cases and crates are set forth in Test
D5277 Test Method for Performing Programmed Horizontal
Method D6055. Additional tests that apply to mechanical
Impacts Using an Inclined Impact Tester
handling of unitized loads and large cases and crates include
D5487 Test Method for Simulated Drop of Loaded Contain-
incline impact tests, described in Test Method D880 and
ers by Shock Machines
horizontal impact tests, described in Test Methods D4003 and
D6055 Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized
Test Method D5277. Test Methods D4003 includes a special
Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packagingand are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
2
Containers and Systems—Application of Performance Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6179 – 97 (2003). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D6179-07. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6179 − 07
2.2 ISO Standards: 5.1.1 Other apparatus may be used for dropping a case,
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