ASTM D1691-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Zinc in Water
Standard Test Methods for Zinc in Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Zinc is an essential and beneficial element in body growth. Concentrations above 5 mg/L can cause a bitter astringent taste and opalescence in alkaline waters. The zinc concentration of U.S. drinking waters varies between 0.06 and 7.0 mg/L with a mean of 1.33 mg/L. Zinc most commonly enters the domestic water supply from deterioration of galvanized iron and dezincification of brass. Zinc in water also may result from industrial water pollution.3
4.2 ICP-MS or ICP-AES may also be appropriate but at a higher instrument cost. See Test Methods D5673 and D1976.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of zinc in water. Section 26 on Quality Control pertains to these test methods. Two test methods are given as follows:
Test Method
Concentration Range
Sections
A—Atomic Absorption, Direct
0.05 to 2 mg/L
8 – 16
B—Atomic Absorption,
Chelation-Extraction
20 to 200 μg/L
17 – 25
1.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable zinc may be determined.
1.3 These test methods have been used successfully with reagent grade water. See the specific test method for applicability to other matrices. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of these test methods in other matrices.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6 and 12.7.1, 21.7, 23.10.
1.6 Two former colorimetric test methods were discontinued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1691 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Zinc in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1691; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of zinc in
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
water. Section 26 on Quality Control pertains to these test
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
methods. Two test methods are given as follows:
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
Concentration
Test Method Sections
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
Range
A—Atomic Absorption, Direct 0.05 to 2 mg/L 8–16
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
B—Atomic Absorption, 20 to 200 µg/L 17–25
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
Chelation-Extraction
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
1.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable zinc may be deter-
D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
mined.
D1976 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-
Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
1.3 These test methods have been used successfully with
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
reagent grade water. See the specific test method for applica-
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
bility to other matrices. It is the user’s responsibility to assure
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
the validity of these test methods in other matrices.
D3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for informa- D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
tion only and are not considered standard.
D5673 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
statements, see Section 6 and 12.7.1, 21.7, 23.10.
3. Terminology
1.6 Two former colorimetric test methods were discontin-
3.1 Definitions:
ued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
Terminology D1129.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2 Definitions:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.1 continuing calibration blank, n—a solution containing
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
no analytes (of interest) which is used to verify blank response
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and freedom from carryover.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.2 continuing calibration verification, n—a solution (or
setofsolutions)ofknownconcentrationusedtoverifyfreedom
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic
2
Constituents in Water. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1691 – 12. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D1691-17. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D1691 − 17
from excessive instrumental drift; the concentration is to cover a 0.45-µm membrane filter before acidification. The holding
the range of calibration curve. timeforsamplesmaybecalculatedinaccordancew
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1691 − 12 D1691 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Zinc in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1691; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of zinc in water. Section 26 on Quality Control pertains to these test methods.
Two test methods are given as follows:
Concentration
Test Method Sections
Range
A—Atomic Absorption, Direct 0.05 to 2 mg/L 8 – 16
B—Atomic Absorption, 20 to 200 μg/L 17 – 25
Chelation-Extraction
Test Method Concentration Sections
Range
A—Atomic Absorption, Direct 0.05 to 2 mg/L 8 – 16
B—Atomic Absorption, 20 to 200 μg/L 17 – 25
Chelation-Extraction
1.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable zinc may be determined.
1.3 These test methods have been used successfully with reagent grade water. See the specific test method for applicability to
other matrices. It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of these test methods in other matrices.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedgiven
in each system are mathematical conversions and may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently
of the other.parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6 and Note 612.7.1, Note 1021.7, and23.10Note 16.
1.6 Two former colorimetric test methods were discontinued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012June 1, 2017. Published September 2012June 2017. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 20022012 as
D1691 – 02D1691 – 12.(2007)E01. DOI: 10.1520/D1691-12.10.1520/D1691-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1691 − 17
D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
D1976 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
D5673 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions: Fo
...
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