ASTM B480-88(2017)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Preparation of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys for Electroplating
Standard Guide for Preparation of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys for Electroplating
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Metals are electroplated on magnesium for various purposes: solderability, RF grounding, hermetic sealing, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, appearance, and electrical conductivity, for example. Because magnesium is covered with a naturally occurring oxide film, usual procedures for the preparation of metals for autocatalytic or electrolytic plating cannot be used.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes two processes used for plating on magnesium and magnesium alloys: direct electroless nickel plating and zinc immersion. Some users report that the direct electroless nickel procedure does not produce quite as high a level of adhesion as zinc immersion.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 5.1.1 and 5.2.9.2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: B480 − 88 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Guide for
Preparation of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys for
1
Electroplating
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B480; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope a naturally occurring oxide film, usual procedures for the
preparation of metals for autocatalytic or electrolytic plating
1.1 This guide describes two processes used for plating on
cannot be used.
magnesium and magnesium alloys: direct electroless nickel
plating and zinc immersion. Some users report that the direct
4. Reagents
electroless nickel procedure does not produce quite as high a
level of adhesion as zinc immersion.
4.1 PurityofReagents—Allacidsandchemicalsusedinthis
guide are of technical grade.Acid and base solutions are based
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
on the following assay materials:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Ammonium hydroxide (NH OH) 30 mass %, density 0.895 g/L
standard. 4
Nitric acid (HNO ) 67 mass %, density 1.16 g/L
3
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Sulfuric acid (H SO ) 93 mass %, density 1.40 g/L
2 4
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) 70 mass %, density 1.258 g/L
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Phosphoric acid (H PO ) 85 mass %, density 1.689 g/L
3 4
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Purity of Water—All water used for solutions, whether
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
new or recycled, should be monitored for cations, anions, and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
organic matter that are known to interfere with the plating
statements, see 5.1.1 and 5.2.9.2.
process.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Processes
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 Procedures:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1.1 Wheel polish and buff parts for smooth, highly pol-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ished surfaces.Tumble and burnish small parts.Acid pickle the
parts after use of wire brushing or steel wool. (Warning—
2. Referenced Documents
Because of the high flammability of powdered magnesium,
2
special precautions against fire are important. Polishing and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B322 Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating buffing lathes should be kept scrupulously clean. Dust from
grinding in and around lathes should be swept up and placed in
3. Significance and Use closed containers for proper disposal. Exhaust systems should
be cleaned frequently and the residues handled similarly. If
3.1 Metals are electroplated on magnesium for various
abrasives are used in tumble finishing, similar precautionary
purposes: solderability, RF grounding, hermetic sealing, wear
techniques should be used for the solids from the abrasive
resistance, corrosion resistance, appearance, and electrical
slurry.)
conductivity,forexample.Becausemagnesiumiscoveredwith
5.1.2 Chemical—Remove oil and grease in an alkaline soak
cleaner. Remove other soils and coatings in suitable acid
pickling solutions.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and
Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.02 on Pre
NOTE 1—General information on the cleaning of metals is given in
Treatment.
Practice B322.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originally
5.2 General Electroplating Procedure:
approvedin1968.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2010asB480 – 88(2010).DOI:
10.1520/B0480-88R17.
5.2.1 Remove oil, grease, and other soils left from preplat-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ing procedures by soak cleaning in an alkaline cleaner suitable
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
for magnesium.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 5.2.2 Rinse in cold water.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B480 − 88 (2017)
NOTE 2—As generally used in rinsing terminology, cold water refers to
fiberglass equipment of any kind. Careful control is essential
water from an unheated water supply as opposed to heated water used for
for best results. Maintain the pH between 10.2 and 10.4
dry
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B480 − 88 (Reapproved 2010) B480 − 88 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Guide for
Preparation of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys for
1
Electroplating
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B480; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide describes two processes used for plating on magnesium and magnesium alloys: direct electroless nickel plating
and zinc immersion. Some users report that the direct electroless nickel procedure does not produce quite as high a level of
adhesion as zinc immersion.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 5.1.1 and 5.2.9.2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B322 Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Metals are electroplated on magnesium for various purposes: solderability, RF grounding, hermetic sealing, wear resistance,
corrosion resistance, appearance, and electrical conductivity, for example. Because magnesium is covered with a naturally
occurring oxide film, usual procedures for the preparation of metals for autocatalytic or electrolytic plating cannot be used.
4. Reagents
4.1 Purity of Reagents—All acids and chemicals used in this guide are of technical grade. Acid and base solutions are based
on the following assay materials:
Ammonium hydroxide (NH OH) 30 mass %, density 0.895 g/L
4
Nitric acid (HNO ) 67 mass %, density 1.16 g/L
3
Sulfuric acid (H SO ) 93 mass %, density 1.40 g/L
2 4
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) 70 mass %, density 1.258 g/L
Phosphoric acid (H PO ) 85 mass %, density 1.689 g/L
3 4
4.2 Purity of Water—All water used for solutions, whether new or recycled, should be monitored for cations, anions, and organic
matter that are known to interfere with the plating process.
5. Processes
5.1 Procedures:
5.1.1 Wheel polish and buff parts for smooth, highly polished surfaces. Tumble and burnish small parts. Acid pickle the parts
after use of wire brushing or steel wool. (Warning— Because of the high flammability of powdered magnesium, special
precautions against fire are important. Polishing and buffing lathes should be kept scrupulously clean. Dust from grinding in and
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.02 on Pre
Treatment.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010May 1, 2017. Published November 2010May 2017. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 20062010 as
B480 – 88 (2006). (2010). DOI: 10.1520/B0480-88R10.10.1520/B0480-88R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B480 − 88 (2017)
around lathes should be swept up and placed in closed containers for proper disposal. Exhaust systems should be cleaned frequently
and the residues handled similarly. If abrasives are used in tumble finishing, similar precautionary techniques should be used for
the solids from the abrasive slurry.)
5.1.2 Chemical—Remove oil and grease in an alkaline soak cleaner. Remove other soils and coatings in suitable acid pickling
solutions.
NOTE 1—General information on the cleaning of metals is given in Practice B322.
5.2 General Electroplating Procedure:
5.2.1 Remove oil, grease, and other soils left f
...
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