ASTM F794-03(2009)

Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile sewer pipe and fittings with integral bell and elastomeric seal joints or plain end pipe with couplings based on a controlled inside diameter. The requirements of this specification are intended to provide pipe and fittings suitable for nonpressure drainage of sewage and surface water. The pipe and fittings shall conform to the required diameter, wall thickness, and bell wall thickness. The pipe shall be subject to flattening, impact resistance, stiffness, and acid immersion tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile sewer pipe and fittings with integral bell and elastomeric seal joints or plain end pipe with couplings in sizes (4 to 48 in.) based on a controlled inside diameter.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
Note 1—Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be installed in accordance with Practice D2321.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-2009
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.62 - Sewer

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F794-03 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F794 −03(Reapproved 2009) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and
Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF794;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D2321 PracticeforUndergroundInstallationofThermoplas-
tic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
chloride) (PVC) profile sewer pipe and fittings with integral
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
bellandelastomericsealjointsorplainendpipewithcouplings
D2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-
in sizes (4 to 48 in.) based on a controlled inside diameter.
tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Tup (Falling Weight)
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D2855 Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Fittings
and are not considered standard.
D3034 Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
(PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This D3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- Pipe and Fittings
tions prior to use.
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
F477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-
NOTE 1—Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be
ing Plastic Pipe
installed in accordance with Practice D2321.
F679 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large-
2. Referenced Documents
Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.2 American Water Works Association (AWWA) Standard:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
AWWA Manual M45 Fiberglass Pipe Design
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
2.3 Federal Standard:
tics 4
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
D1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
2.4 Military Standard:
Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
(CPVC) Compounds
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
3. Terminology
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
D2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
nologyD1600,unlessotherwisespecified.Theabbreviationfor
Acetone Immersion
poly(vinyl chloride) is (PVC).
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2009. Published March 2010. Originally
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F794 – 03. DOI:
10.1520/F0794-03R09. Available fromAmerican Water WorksAssociation (AWWA), 6666 W. Quincy
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Ave., Denver, CO 80235, http://www.awwa.org.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F794−03 (2009)
3.2.1 dual wall corrugated profile (DWCP)gravity sewer
pipe—a pipe product consisting of a smooth waterway braced
cumferentially with an external corrugated wall (see Fig. 1)
3.2.2 open profile (OP) gravity sewer pipe—a pipe product
consisting of an essentially smooth waterway braced circum-
ferentially or spirally with outside projections or ribs (see Fig.
FIG. 2Typical Open Profile (OP)
2).
4. Significance and Use
NOTE 3—The outside diameters of products manufactured to this
specification are not specified and therefore joint compatibility should be
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to
reviewed.
provide pipe and fittings suitable for nonpressure drainage of
sewage and surface water. 6.3 The joint shall be designed to avoid displacement of the
gasket when assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s
NOTE 2—Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with
recommendation.
the specific approval of the governing code authority since chemicals not
commonly found in drains and sewers and temperatures in excess of
6.4 The assembly of joints shall be in accordance with the
140°F may be encountered.
manufacturer’s recommendations.
5. Materials 5
7. Requirements
5.1 Basic Materials—The pipe and fittings shall be made of
7.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be essentially
PVC plastic having a minimum cell classification of 12454 or
uniform in color, opacity, density, and other properties. The
12364 as defined in Specification D1784. Homopolymer PVC
inside and outside surfaces shall be semimatte or glossy in
compounds must meet or exceed the requirements of the above
appearance and free of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The
listed minimum cell classification number.
surfaces shall be free of excess bloom; that is, slight bloom is
5.2 Rework Material—Clean rework material generated acceptable. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes,
from the manufacturer’s own pipe or fittings production may blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other defects that are
be used by the same manufacturer provided pipe or fittings visible to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity.
produced meet all the requirements of this specification. Bloom or chalking may develop in pipe exposed to direct rays
of the sun (ultraviolet radiant energy) for extended periods and
5.3 Gaskets—Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with the
consequently these requirements do not apply to pipe after
requirements described in Specification F477.
extended exposure to direct rays of the sun.
5.4 Lubricant—The lubricant used for assembly shall be
7.2 Pipe and Fitting Dimensions :
suitable for use with PVC pipe and elastomeric seals for this
7.2.1 Diameter—The inside diameter of the pipe shall meet
application and have no detrimental effect on the gasket or on
the requirements given in Table 1, Table 2,or Table 3 when
the pipe.
measured in accordance with 8.4.1.
7.2.2 Wall Thickness—The minimum wall thickness of the
6. Joining Systems
waterway of pipe and fittings fabricated from pipe sections
6.1 Gasketed Joint—The integral bell gasketed joint,
shall meet the requirements given in Table 1 for open profile;
coupling, or fitting joints shall be designed so that when
and Table 2 or Table 3 for dual wall corrugated profile pipe
assembled, the gasket (which is attached to either the bell or
whenmeasuredinaccordancewith8.4.2.Thewallthicknessof
the spigot) will be compressed radially on the pipe spigot or in
fittings fabricated from pipes meeting the requirements of
the bell to form a water-tight seal. The joints shall be designed
Specification D3034, SDR 35 and Specification F679 are also
to comply with and show no sign of leakage when tested in
satisfactory. Molded fittings when made with an open profile
accordance with 7.7 when assembled with pipe for which they
shall conform to the minimum wall thickness requirements
are intended.
given in Table 1.
6.2 Couplings shall form a water-tight seal when assembled
7.2.3 Bell Wall Thickness—In the case of belled pipe and
with plain end pipe and show no sign of leakage when tested fittings fabricated from pipe sections, the thickness of the wall
in accordance with 7.7 when assembled with pipe for which
in the bell shall be considered satisfactory if it was formed
they are intended.
from pipe meeting the above requirements. For reducing
fittings or those with smaller inlets, the minimum wall thick-
ness for each inlet shall be no less than the minimum wall
thickness for that size pipe.
7.2.4 Fittings:
7.2.4.1 Molded Fittings—Molded fittings conforming to the
requirements of Specification D3034, SDR 35 may also be
usedwithprofilegravitysewerpipeprovidedanadaptor(when
FIG. 1Typical Dual Wall Corrugated Profile (DWCP) Supporting data are available at ASTM Headquarters. Request RR:F17-1020.
F794−03 (2009)
TABLE 1 Pipe Dimensions and Stiffness (Open Profile Pipe)
Nominal Tolerance on Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum
Minimum Inside
A
Pipe Size, Inside Diameter, Stiffness Series 46, Wall Series 46, Stiffness Series 10, Wall Series 10,
Diameter,
2 2
in. (mm)
in. in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) in. (mm)
4 3.939(100.0) +0.034(0.86) 46(320) 0.030(0.76) N/A N/A
6 5.875(149.2) +0.049(1.24) 46(320) 0.045(1.14) N/A N/A
8 7.863(199.7) +0.053(1.35) 46(320) 0.060(1.52) N/A N/A
10 9.825(249.6) +0.067(1.70) 46(320) 0.070(1.78) N/A N/A
12 11.687(296.8) +0.085(2.16) 46(320) 0.085(2.16) N/A N/A
15 14.303(363.3) +0.116(2.95) 46(320) 0.105(2.67) N/A N/A
18 17.510(444.8) +0.195(4.95) 46(320) 0.130(3.30) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
21 20.656(524.7) +0.200(5.08) 46(320) 0.160(4.06) 10(70) 0.085(2.16)
24 23.412(594.7) +0.204(5.18) 46(320) 0.180(4.58) 10(70) 0.105(2.66)
27 26.371(669.8) +0.209(5.31) 46(320) 0.205(5.22) 10(70) 0.115(2.92)
30 29.388(746.5) +0.220(5.59) 46(320) 0.235(5.96) 10(70) 0.130(3.30)
33 32.405(823.1) +0.227(5.77) 46(320) 0.260(6.60) 10(70) 0.150(3.81)
36 35.370(898.4) +0.235(5.97) 46(320) 0.290(7.36) 10(70) 0.165(4.20)
39 38.380(974.9) +0.245(6.22) 46(320) 0.315(8.00) 10(70) 0.195(4.95)
42 41.370(1050.8) +0.255(6.48) 46(320) 0.345(8.76) 10(70) 0.215(5.46)
45 44.365(1126.9) +0.265(6.73) 46(320) 0.370(9.40) 10(70) 0.225(5.72)
48 47.355(1202.8) +0.285(7.24) 46(320) 0.400(10.16) 10(70) 0.230(5.84)
A
In-plant quality control manufacturing. Base inside diameter calculations should include out-of-roundness as a result of shipping and handling.
TABLE 2 Pipe Dimensions and Stiffness (Dual Wall Corrugated) Pipe for Series 46 and Series 10
Nominal Minimum Inside Tolerance on Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum Minimum Pipe Waterway Minimum
Pipe Size, Diameter, Inside Diameter, Stiffness Series 46, Wall Series 46, Stiffness Series 10, Wall Series 10, in.
2 2
in. in. (mm) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) in. (mm) lbf/in. (kPa) (mm)
4 3.939(100.0) +0.034(0.86) 46(320) 0.022(0.56) N/A N/A
6 5.875(149.2) +0.049(1.24) 46(320) 0.025(0.64) N/A N/A
8 7.863(199.7) +0.053(1.35) 46(320) 0.035(0.89) N/A N/A
10 9.825(249.6) +0.067(1.70) 46(320) 0.045(1.14) N/A N/A
12 11.687(296.8) +0.085(2.16) 46(320) 0.058(1.40) N/A N/A
15 14.303(363.3) +0.116(2.95) 46(320) 0.077(1.96) N/A N/A
18 17.510(444.8) +0.195(4.95) 46(320) 0.084(2.13) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
21 20.656(524.7) +0.200(5.08) 46(320) 0.095(2.41) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
24 23.412(594.7) +0.204(5.18) 46(320) 0.110(2.79) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
27 26.371(669.8) +0.209(5.31) 46(320) 0.120(3.05) 10(70) 0.070(1.78)
30 29.388(746.5) +0.220(5.59) 46(320) 0.130(3.30) 10(70) 0.085(2.16)
33 32.405(823.1) +0.227(5.77) 46(320) 0.150(3.81) 10(70) 0.095(2.41)
36 35.370(898.4) +0.235(5.97) 46(320) 0.155(3.94) 10(70) 0.105(2.67)
39 38.380(974.9) +0.245(6.22) 46(320) 0.200(5.08) 10(70) 0.120(3.05)
42 41.370(1050.8) +0.255(6.48) 46(320) 0.200(5.08) 10(70) 0.130(3.30)
45 44.365(1126.9) +0.265(6.73) 46(320) 0.200(5.08) 10(70) 0.145(3.68)
48 47.355(1202.8) +0.285(7.24) 46(320) 0.200(5.08) 10(70) 0.160(4.06)
TABLE 3 Pipe Dimensions and Stiffness (Dual Wall Corrugated)
extending from the bell shall also conform to the minimum
Pipe for Series 115
wall thickness and profile of the pipe being installed into the
Waterway
bell.
Nominal Minimum Tolerance on
Minimum Pipe Minimum
Pipe Inside Inside
7.2.4.2 Fabricated Fittings—Fabricated fittings shall be
Stiffness Series Wall Series
Size, Diameter, Diameter,
115, lbf/in. (kPa) 115,
made from pipe meeting the requirements of this specification,
in. in. (mm) in. (mm)
in. (mm)
Specification D3034, SDR 35, or Specification F679. Fabri-
8 7.692 +0.053 (1.35) 115 (800) 0.037 (0.94)
cated fittings with solvent cement components shall be made in
(195.4)
10 9.623 +0.067 (1.70) 115 (800) 0.046 (1.30)
accordance with Practice D2855 and taking cognizance of
(244.4)
Practice F402. Unreinforced solvent cement mitred joints shall
12 11.452 +0.085 (2.16) 115 (800) 0.070 (1.78)
not be used. Fabricated joints shall be adequately lapped or
(290.9)
15 13.998 +0.116 (2.95) 115 (800) 0.092 (2.34)
fusion butt welded and, when needed additionally reinforced.
(355.5)
NOTE 4—Afabricated fittings standard is currently being developed by
ASTM Subcommittee F 17.10.
required) is used to make the connection. The minimum wall
7.3 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of
thickness of the molded fittings and adaptors shall coincide
splitting, cracking, breaking, or separation of ribs, seams, or
with the values listed in Table 1 of Specification D3034 for
corrugations, when pipe is tested in accordance with 8.5.
SDR 35. The thickness in the wall of the adaptor bell shall be
considered satisfactory if formed from pipe meeting the above 7.4 Pipe Impact Strength—The impact strength shall not be
less than the values shown in Table 4 when tested in accor-
requirements. When a molded fitting is used to join different
types of plastic pipes, the bell and the body or branch area dance with 8.6.
F794−03 (2009)
TABLE 4 Minimum Impact Strength, 73°F (23°C)
7.9 Air Test—When pipe is made in such a manner that a
Nominal Size, in. Impact Strength, ft·lbf (J) seam is present, each length shall pass a 3.5-psi air test in
4 100 (136)
accordance with 8.9.
6 140 (190)
8 210 (284)
8. Test Methods
10 to 4
...