ASTM D280-01(2019)

Standard Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments

ABSTRACT
These test methods establish the standard procedures for determining the hygroscopic moisture (and other matter volatile under the test conditions) in pigments. Method A shall be performed on pigments that do not decompose at a specified temperature. This method shall require the use of a wide-mouth cylindrical glass weighing bottle, an oven, and an analytical balance. Method B, on the other hand, shall be used for pigments that decompose at the same specified temperature. This method shall also need a wide-mouth cylindrical glass weighing bottle, an open-tube manometer, a glass desiccator, an oil vacuum pump, and an analytical balance.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining hygroscopic moisture (and other matter volatile under the test conditions) in pigments.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2019
• ICS: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.31 - Pigment Specifications

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D280 − 01 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Methods for
Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the
1
Test Conditions) in Pigments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope from 3 to 5 g of the pigment in the clean, dry weighing bottle
or in the clean, dry aluminum moisture dish. Insert the stopper
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining
(or cover) and weigh to 0.1 mg. Subtract the weight of the
hygroscopic moisture (and other matter volatile under the test
vessel from the total weight to obtain the weight of sample
conditions) in pigments.
used in the test. Remove the stopper (or cover) and place it and
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
the bottle (or dish) containing the specimen in an oven that has
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
been previously heated to 110 6 2°C, heat for 2 h at a
standard.
temperature of 105 to 110°C. Replace the stopper (or cover),
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
cool in a desiccator, and weigh. Calculate the total loss in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
weight as percent of moisture and other volatile matter.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
METHOD B—FOR PIGMENTS THAT DECOMPOSE
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
AT 110°C
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Apparatus
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 Weighing Bottle, glass, as described in 2.1.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.2 Open-Tube Manometer made of glass tubing 6 mm in
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
diameter, filled with mercury to approximately 860 mm, fitted
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
with rubber pressure tubing attached to a T-joint leading to the
desiccator and the pump. A suitable low-pressure gage may be
METHOD A—FOR PIGMENTS THAT DO NOT
used in place of the manometer.
DECOMPOSE AT 110°C
NOTE 1—The difference in levels of the mercury in the manometer
2. Apparatus
when the system is in operation, subtracted from the barometer reading
2.1 Weighing Bottle, wide-mouth, cylindrical, glass (flat
taken at the same time, gives the pressure of the system in millimetres of
mercury.
form, about 30 mm in height and about 70 mm in diameter),
provided with a ground-in glass stopper. Or, an aluminum
4.3 Desiccator, glass, having a hole at the side or in the
moisture dish (about 90 mm in diameter and about 50 mm in
cover, constructed with heavy walls to withstand a vacuum of
depth) with a tightly fitting cover.
one atmosphere. The hole at the side shall be closed with a
one-hole rubber stopper carrying a glass tube with a rubber
2.2 Oven in which a temperature of from 110 6 2°C is
maintained. tube connection and a pinchcock or with a glass stopcock
ground to fit the tubulature.
2.3 Analytical Balance.
2
4.4 Oil Vacuum Pump, able to achieve and hold a vacuum
3. Procedure
of 3 mm.
3.1 Weigh accurately the glass weighing bottle and stopper
4.5 Analytical Balance.
or the aluminum moisture dish with cover. Place a specimen of
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
2
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct The sole source of supply of the “Hyvac” oil pump known to the committee at
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications. this time is HyVac Products, Inc., P.O. Box 389, Phoenixville, PA 19460–0389. If
Current edition approved June 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
approved in 1928. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D280 – 01 (2012). International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
DOI: 10.1520/D0280-01R19. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D280 − 01 (2019)
5. Procedure pinchcock or stopcock, remove the cover, quickly replace the
stopper in the weighing bottle, and weigh. Repeat the evacu-
5.1 Weigh accurately the
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D280 − 01 (Reapproved 2012) D280 − 01 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Methods for
Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the
1
Test Conditions) in Pigments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining hygroscopic moisture (and other matter volatile under the test
conditions) in pigments.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
METHOD A—FOR PIGMENTS THAT DO NOT
DECOMPOSE AT 110°C
2. Apparatus
2.1 Weighing Bottle, wide-mouth, cylindrical, glass (flat form, about 30 mm in height and about 70 mm in diameter), provided
with a ground-in glass stopper. Or, an aluminum moisture dish (about 90 mm in diameter and about 50 mm in depth) with a tightly
fitting cover.
2.2 Oven in which a temperature of from 110 6 2°C is maintained.
2.3 Analytical Balance.
3. Procedure
3.1 Weigh accurately the glass weighing bottle and stopper or the aluminum moisture dish with cover. Place a specimen of from
3 to 5 g of the pigment in the clean, dry weighing bottle or in the clean, dry aluminum moisture dish. Insert the stopper (or cover)
and weigh to 0.1 mg. Subtract the weight of the vessel from the total weight to obtain the weight of sample used in the test. Remove
the stopper (or cover) and place it and the bottle (or dish) containing the specimen in an oven that has been previously heated to
110 6 2°C, heat for 2 h at a temperature of 105 to 110°C. Replace the stopper (or cover), cool in a desiccator, and weigh. Calculate
the total loss in weight as percent of moisture and other volatile matter.
METHOD B—FOR PIGMENTS THAT DECOMPOSE AT 110°C
4. Apparatus
4.1 Weighing Bottle, glass, as described in 2.1.
4.2 Open-Tube Manometer made of glass tubing 6 mm in diameter, filled with mercury to approximately 860 mm, fitted with
rubber pressure tubing attached to a T-joint leading to the desiccator and the pump. A suitable low-pressure gage may be used in
place of the manometer.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012June 1, 2019. Published November 2012June 2019. Originally approved in 1928. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
D280 – 01 (2007).(2012). DOI: 10.1520/D0280-01R12.10.1520/D0280-01R19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D280 − 01 (2019)
NOTE 1—The difference in levels of the mercury in the manometer when the system is in operation, subtracted from the barometer reading taken at
the same time, gives the pressure of the system in millimetres of mercury.
4.3 Desiccator, glass, having a hole at the side or in the cover, constructed with heavy walls to withstand a vacuum of one
atmosphere. The hole at the side shall be closed with a one-hole rubber stopper carrying a glass tube with a rubber tube connection
and a pinchcock or with a glass stopcock ground to fit the tubulature.
2
4.4 Oil Vacuum Pump, able to achieve and hold a vacuum of 3 mm.
4.5 Analytical Balance.
5. Procedure
5.1 Weigh accurately the glass weighing bottle and stopper. Place a specimen of from 1 to 3 g of the pigment in the clean, dry
weighing bottle, insert the stopper and weigh to 0.1 m
...