D01.31 - Pigment Specifications

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for the dry pigment commercially known as chrome oxide green. The pigment shall consist of practically pure chromium sesqui-oxide without any admixture. Specimens shall be sampled and tested adequately, and shall conform to the following composition requirements: total chromium; total water-soluble matter; moisture and other volatile matter; coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve); and organic colors or lakes. The pigments shall adhere to mass color, tint character, and tinting strength requirements as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the dry pigment commercially known as chrome oxide green.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods compile in one place, recommended procedures for analyzing inorganic colored pigments. These pigments are used extensively in paints, and for this reason their compositions are important to the formulators and user.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of yellow, orange, red, and brown pigments containing iron and manganese. The test methods apply specifically to the following pigments: synthetic hydrated yellow iron oxide, yellow ocher, red and brown iron oxides, raw and burnt umber, raw and burnt sienna, and venetian red.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
ASTM  
Method  
Refer-  
Dry Pigments
Sections  
ences  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
6  
D280  
Loss on Ignition  
7  
Coarse Particles  
8  
D185  
Matter Soluble in Water  
9  
D1208  
Organic Coloring Matter  
10  
Iron Oxide  
11 and 12  
Calcium Compounds (Reported as CaO)  
13 and 14  
Sulfates Soluble in Hydrochloric Acid  
15 and 16  
Lead Chromate (in Ochers)  
17  
Calcium Carbonate (in Venetian Red)  
18  
C25  
Manganese (in Siennas and Umbers)  
19 and 20  
Pigment Pastes in Oil  
Pigment Content  
21  
D1208  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
22  
D1208  
Nonvolatile Matter in Vehicle  
23  
Moisture by Distillation  
24  
D1208  
Coarse Particles and Skins  
25  
D185  
Consistency (Stormer)  
26  
D562  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to us.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This compilation of available ASTM methods for the analysis of white pigment serves as a guide to chemists.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the chemical analysis of white pigments.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are for analysis designed as an aid in quality of yellow, orange, and green pigments containing lead chromate and chromium oxide green. Some sections may be applicable to analysis of these pigments when extracted from whole paints.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of yellow, orange, and green pigments containing lead chromate and chromium oxide green.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Chrome  Yellow, Chrome Orange, and Molybdate Orange  
Organic Colors and Lakes  
7  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
8  
Matter Soluble in Water  
9  
Lead Chromate  
10 and 11  
Total Lead  
12  
Sulfate  
13 and 14  
Carbon Dioxide  
15  
Molybdenum  
16 and 17  
Extenders  
18 – 22  
Calculation of Substances Other than Insoluble Lead
Compounds  
23 and 24  
Pure  Chrome Green and Reduced Chrome Green  
Organic Colors and Lakes  
25  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
26  
Matter Soluble in Water  
27  
Iron Blue  
28  
Lead Chromate  
29 and 30  
Barium Sulfate and Insoluble Siliceous Material  
31  
Total Lead  
32  
Sulfate  
33  
Calcium Oxide Soluble in Acid  
34 and 35  
Extenders  
36  
Calculation of Insoluble Lead Compounds  
37  
Chromium Oxide Green  
Organic Colors and Lakes  
38  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
39  
Matter Soluble in Water  
40  
Total Chromium as Chromium Oxide  
41  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Note 3.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers commercially pure chrome yellow and chrome orange pigments. The chemically precipitated pigments should consist of normal or basic lead chromates, or mixtures of these, with or without admixtures of other insoluble lead compounds. Pigment composition should conform to the required amounts of lead chromate, total matter soluble in water, total of all substances other than insoluble lead compounds, moisture and volatile matter, coarse particles, and organic colors and lakes for each of the six types.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers six types of commercially pure lead chromate pigments as follows:
Type I—Primrose Chrome Yellow,
Type II—Lemon Chrome Yellow,
Type III—Medium Chrome Yellow,
Type IV—Light Chrome Orange,
Type V—Dark Chrome Orange, and
Type VI—Chrome Yellow for Green.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following hazard caveat applies to the test method portion of this specification only.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Test Method A determines the amount of color produced when the pigment is in direct contact with a selected solvent such as toluene. It is useful as a rapid, easily conducted test of the general bleeding characteristics of pigments.  
4.2 Test Method B determines the amount of color migration into a white film applied over a base coat containing the pigment. It may give a more practical evaluation of whether a pigment will meet specific requirements for bleed resistance.  
4.3 Both Test Method A and Test Method B measure the extent of bleed.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining the bleeding characteristics of dry pigments by direct solvent extraction of the pigment and by overstriping a film with a white coating and observing for the color migration from the base coat containing the pigment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers ferrous earthy pigment included under the general term “ochre.” The pigment shall be a hydrated oxide of iron permeating a siliceous base and shall be free from added impurities and added coloring matter. The following test methods shall be conducted: chemical analysis of dry pigment; coarse particles; mass color and tinting strength; volatile matter; and moisture. The results of these test methods should conform to the pigment requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers ferrous earthy pigment included under the general term “ochre.” The pigment may be purchased in the dry form.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers bone black, ivory black, or drop black pigment. The pigment may be in dry form or in aqueous dispersion. Dry pigment shall be made by the calcinations of bones, unmixed with any other substance. Dry pigment shall compose of ash, ash insoluble in acids, and coarse particles. Pigment in aqueous dispersion shall be made by grinding the pigment with water, dispersing agent, biocide, fungicide, pH stabilizer, and defoamer. ASTM test methods shall be conducted for coarse particles, pigment and linseed oil in paste in oil, and mass color and tinting strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as bone black, ivory black, or drop black. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as an aqueous dispersion.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack, which may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. The dry pigment shall be made by burning oils or tars. It shall conform to chemical compositions of ash, acetone extract, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles. The paste in oil, on the other hand, shall be made by thoroughly grinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. It shall conform to chemical compositions of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins. Both forms of the pigment shall also be sampled, and tested appropriately for mass color and character, and tinting strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
These test methods establish the standard procedures for determining the hygroscopic moisture (and other matter volatile under the test conditions) in pigments. Method A shall be performed on pigments that do not decompose at a specified temperature. This method shall require the use of a wide-mouth cylindrical glass weighing bottle, an oven, and an analytical balance. Method B, on the other hand, shall be used for pigments that decompose at the same specified temperature. This method shall also need a wide-mouth cylindrical glass weighing bottle, an open-tube manometer, a glass desiccator, an oil vacuum pump, and an analytical balance.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining hygroscopic moisture (and other matter volatile under the test conditions) in pigments.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 In production of paints, smoothness of the paint film is of paramount importance. Agglomerates or coarse particles larger than 45 μm are difficult to disperse and may prevent obtaining a smooth film. These test methods are a valuable quality control test for grading raw materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the amount of coarse particles in dry pigments.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This classification is given as an aid in determining the fitness for use of a titanium dioxide pigment for a coating application. It is limited to dry, hiding pigments. It excludes pigment dispersions, and non-hiding specialty titanium dioxide products.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification describes eight types of dry pigmentary titanium dioxide products, grouped by composition, typical end use application, and some performance properties.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers basic carbonate white lead used as a pigment and in putty. The pigments may be in dry form or a paste in oil. Dry pigment shall conform to the required contents of lead carbonate, moisture and other volatile matter, impurities, and coarse particles. Paste in oil and semipaste containing volatile thinner shall also conform to the requirements of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins of dry pigment. Tests for the following shall be done: coarse particles; moisture in pigment; lead carbonate and total other impurities; and pigment, linseed oil, and moisture and other volatile matter in paste in oil.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the material commercially known as basic carbonate white lead, used as a pigment and in putty. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Flaked aluminum pigments are produced in a variety of forms. These test methods allow the user to determine the applicability of a given product to this use.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling, qualitative analysis, and physical testing of flaked aluminum powders and pastes (leafing and nonleafing) for coatings.  
1.2 These test methods apply equally to leafing and nonleafing flaked aluminum powders and pastes except where noted to the contrary.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 7.3.1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the pigment commercially known as carbon black, which is suitable for use in the manufacture of protective or decorative coatings. The pigment shall be made by burning natural gas or oil in such a manner as to form a deposit of carbon. Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the following test methods: solvent extractable material; color and tinting strength; carbon black–ash content; heating loss; and sieve residue.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as carbon black, which is suitable for use in the manufacture of protective or decorative coatings.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials commercially known as gold bronze, pale gold bronze, and rich gold bronze powders. The gold bronze powder shall be made from new ingot metals, shall consist of fine polished flakes containing the prescribed percentage of fatty or oily matter (polishing lubricant), shall have the specified residue content and leafing properties, and shall be suitable for making gold bronze paint. The sampling and test methods to determine conformance to the specified composition and properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the materials commercially known as gold bronze, pale gold bronze, and rich gold bronze powders.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aluminum pigments in powder and paste forms for use in paints. The aluminum pigments are available in four types, as follows: Type I, leafing powder; Type II, leafing paste; Type III, nonleafing powder; and Type IV, nonleafing paste. Each type is grouped into three classes based on residue retained on a No. 325 sieve, as follows: Class A, fine; Class B, medium; and Class C, coarse. Materials shall be sampled, tested, and conform accordingly to composition of non-volatile matter, easily extracted fatty and oily matter (polishing lubricant), total impurities other than fatty and oily matter, coarse particles as total residue retained, and leafing ability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four types and three classes of aluminum pigments for use in paints.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers three types of pigments commercially known as zinc phosphate each of which may or may not be available in specific grades delineated by particle size or oil absorption. The following types of pigments are: Type I which is zinc phosphate, dihydrate predominant, Type II which is zinc phosphate, dihydrate tetrahydrate mixture, and Type III which is zinc phosphate, tetrahydrate predominant. Zinc phosphate functions as both a chemical and a pigment. As a pigment it is used in a variety of applications including that of corrosion inhibiting paints. The pigments shall be subjected to the following tests: specific gravity test, oil absorption test, Hegman grind test, coarse particles test, pH test, specific resistance test, moisture test, and loss on ignition test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers three types of pigments commercially known as zinc phosphate each of which may or may not be available in specific grades delineated by particle size or oil absorption.  
1.1.1 Type I—Zinc Phosphate, dihydrate predominant.  
1.1.2 Type II—Zinc Phosphate, dihydrate tetrahydrate mixture.  
1.1.3 Type III—Zinc Phosphate, tetrahydrate predominant.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods may be used to confirm the stated SiO2, CaO, and MgO content of magnesium silicate for quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the analysis of magnesium silicate pigment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods compile in one place, recommended procedures for analysis of the pigment known commercially as calcium borosilicate. This pigment is used extensively in paints and the composition is important to the user and producer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the analysis of the pigment commercially known as calcium borosilicate.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Test Methods  
Sections  
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)  
6 – 9  
Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)  
10 – 13  
Boron Trioxide (B2O3)  
17 – 20  
Calcium Oxide (CaO)  
21 – 23  
Moisture and Volatile Matter  
24  
Water of Hydration  
25 to 26  
Coarse Particles  
27  
Oil Absorption  
28  
1.3 Individual specimens may be used for the direct determinations of SiO2, B2O3, and CaO. SiO2 and Fe2O3 should be removed before the determination of the B2O3 and CaO.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods may be used to confirm the stated strontium oxide and chromium oxide content of strontium chromate.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of strontium chromate pigment.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Strontium by the Strontium Sulfate Method  
7 to 10  
Chromium by the Thiosulfate Method  
11 to 14  
Chloride Content  
15  
Sulfate Content  
16  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
17  
Coarse Particles  
18  
Mass Color and Tinting Strength  
19  
1.3 This values stated in SI units are to be considered the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method has been developed to standardize the chemical analysis of zinc chromate yellow pigment and to provide alternate methods of analysis for chromium and zinc.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of the pigment known commercially as “zinc yellow” or “zinc chromate yellow.”  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
7  
Combined Water  
8  
Chromium:  
Dichromate Method  
9 – 11  
Thiosulfate Method  
9, 12, and 13  
Zinc:  
Hydroxyquinoline Method  
9, 14, and 15  
Ferrocyanide Method  
9, 16, and 17  
Alkaline Salts  
18 and 19  
Sulfates  
20 and 21  
Chlorides  
22 and 23  
Matter Insoluble in Dilute Acetic
Acid  
24  
Coarse Particles  
25  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for the pigments commercially known as raw sienna and burnt sienna in the dry and paste in oil forms. The dry pigments shall be sampled and tested as appropriate, and conform accordingly to composition requirements as to iron oxide, calcium compounds, moisture and other volatile matter, coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve), and organic colors. The pigments in paste in oil form shall conversely be tested and conform to composition requirements as to pigment, nonvolatile vehicle, moisture by distillation, and coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve). Both forms shall adhere to specified mass color, tint character, and tinting strength requirements as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially known as raw sienna and burnt sienna.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of white titanium dioxide pigments. The analytical procedures appear in the following order: sample preparation, qualitative analysis, moisture content determination, total titanium content determination by Jones Reductor and Aluminum Reduction methods, aluminum oxide content determination, and silica content determination. The reagents to be used shall include ammonium hydroxide, ammonium sulfate, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfuric acid, tartaric acid, tin, zinc, carbon steel, iron, ferric sulfate solution, nitric acid, sodium oxalate, potassium permanganate, aluminum metal foil, ammonium thiocyanate indicator solution, ferritic ammonium sulfate solution, sodium bicarbonate solution, sulfuric acid, titanium dioxide, acetic acid, ammonium phosphate, EDTA solution, methyl orange indicator solution, sodium bisulfate monohydrate, sodium fluoride, xylenol orange indicator solution, and zinc sulfate solution.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of white titanium dioxide pigments.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Preparation of Sample  
4  
Qualitative Analysis  
5 and 6  
Moisture  
7  
Total Titanium:  
Jones Reductor Method  
8 – 12  
Aluminum Reduction Method  
13 – 17  
Aluminum Oxide  
18 – 22  
Silica  
23 – 29  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific hazard statement is given in Section 19.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of red lead having the approximate formula Pb3O4 (probably PbO2·2PbO). The pigment sample shall be ground to fine powder (if lumpy or not finely ground) and shall be thoroughly mixed before taking portions for analysis. Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. The methods of determining moisture, organic coloring matter, and total lead and insoluble matter contents are given. The solutions required for the chemical analysis of lead peroxide (lead dioxide) and true red lead (tetra lead oxide) includes red lead solution, sodium thiosulfate solution, and starch solution. The formula for calculating the contents of lead peroxide and true red lead, and the procedures for determining the amounts of zinc, matter soluble in water, total silica, carbon dioxide, soluble sulfates, and iron oxide are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of red lead having the approximate formula Pb3O4 (probably PbO2·2PbO).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of pigment commercially known as basic lead silicochromate. Both types of pigment shall consist of silica coated with lead licates and lead chromates with mass color and character, and oil absorption equal to that of a reference sample as agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. Specimens shall be sampled, prepared, and undergo chemical analysis to test their conformance with specified compositions of lead oxide, chromium trioxide, silica, and moisture and other volatile matter. Materials shall also be tested for ignition loss, specific surface diameter, and particle loss by microscopic methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of pigment commercially known as basic lead silicochromate.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is used by black pigment producers and users for product acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solvent-extractable material in black pigments such as carbon black, lampblack, and bone black.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are suitable for determining if impurities are present and establishing that the required pigments are present. These test methods may be used for manufacturing and purchasing quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the qualitative chemical analysis of pigments known commercially as copper phthalocyanine blue and green.  
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:    
Section    
Identification  
5    
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
6    
Detection of Basic Dye Derivatives  
7    
Detection of Other Organic Coloring Matter  
8    
Detection of Ultramarine Blue  
9    
Detection of Iron Blue or Chrome Green  
10  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods may be used to confirm the stated lead oxide, chromium trioxide and silica content of basic lead silicochromate and is useful for quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of the pigment commercially known as basic lead silicochromate and are applicable to pigment supplied by the manufacturer and to pigment, but not mixed pigments, separated from liquid coatings. The presence of basic lead silicochromate species shall be confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis (see Specification D1648).  
1.2 For liquid coatings the pigment must first be separated from the vehicle before conducting the analysis.  
1.3 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections    
Lead oxide  
6 to 14  
Chromium trioxide  
15 to 23  
Silica  
24 to 27  
Moisture and other volatile matter  
28  
Coarse particles  
29  
Oil absorption  
30  
Mass color and tinting strength  
31  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover three procedures for determining the specific gravity of pigments, as follows: Test Method A which is for routine testing of several samples simultaneously, Test Method B which is for tests requiring greater accuracy than Test Method A, and Test Method C which is for rapid and accurate testing of single samples. The specific gravity value obtained by these procedures may be used with the weight of a dry pigment to determine the volume occupied by the pigment in a coating formulation. For Test Method A, the following apparatus and materials shall be used: pycnometer, water bath, manometer, desiccator, vacuum pumps, thermometer, weighing bottle, and immersion liquid. For Test Method B, the following apparatus and materials shall be used: pycnometer, water bath, manometer, vacuum pump, thermometer, weighing bottle, bell jar, and bottle. For Test Method C, the following apparatus and materials shall be used: buret, flask, stopcocks, vacuum pump, manometer, thermometer, weighing bottle, and immersion liquid.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover three procedures for determining the specific gravity of pigments, as follows:
Test Method A—For Routine Testing of Several Samples Simultaneously.
Test Method B—For Tests Requiring Greater Accuracy than Test Method A.
Test Method C—For Rapid and Accurate Testing of Single Samples.  
1.2 The specific gravity value obtained by these procedures may be used with the weight of a dry pigment to determine the volume occupied by the pigment in a coating formulation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 5, 11, and 15.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are suitable for determining the level of purity and for determining the levels of various impurities. They may be used to establish compliance with specification requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of basic carbonate white lead and basic sulfate white lead.  
Note 1: If it is necessary to separate these pigments from others, refer to Practice D215.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section  
Preparation of Sample  
6  
Basic Carbonate White Lead:  
Small Amounts of Iron  
7  
Total Lead  
8  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
9  
Carbon Dioxide (Evolution Method)  
10  
Carbon Dioxide and Combined Water (Combustion Method)  
11  
Lead Carbonate  
12  
Total Matter Insoluble in Acetic Acid  
13  
Total Matter Insoluble in Acid Ammonium Acetate  
14  
Total Impurities Other Than Moisture  
15  
Coarse Particles  
16  
Basic Sulfate White Lead:  
Small Amounts of Iron  
17  
Total Lead  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
19  
Total Sulfate  
20  
Zinc Oxide  
21  
Basic Lead Oxide  
22  
Total Impurities  
23  
Coarse Particles  
24  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of high-content calcium carbonate pigments, Type PC and Type GC. Pigments shall be classified into six grades based on particle size, namely: Grade I (fine paint grade); Grade II (coarse paint grade); Grade III (filler grade); Grade IV (putty powder grade); Grade V (superfine grade); and Grade VI (ultrafine grade). Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the following test methods: calcium and magnesium reported as carbonate; moisture and other volatile matter; oil absorption; coarse particles; and dispersed color.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of high-content calcium carbonate pigments, as follows:  
1.1.1 Type PC—Calcium carbonate precipitate, prepared either by complete solution or by carbonation of lime.  
1.1.2 Type GC—Ground mineral product.  
1.2 Six grades of pigments, based on particle size (see 3.3) are covered.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used to determine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint and related coatings. Such information may be useful to coatings producers and users for the determination of the total solids available for film formation and for the estimation of the volatile organic content.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of the proper ASTM test method for determining the volatile and nonvolatile content of pigments.  
Note 1: Test methods for determining the composition of the volatile fraction are not covered by this guide.  
1.2 The standards included are as follows:    
Standard  
Section  
ASTM Designation  
Inert or low hiding pigments  
4.1  
D280  
White pigments  
4.2  
D280    
Black pigments  
4.3  
D280  
D1509  
Aluminum and zinc pigments  
4.4  
D280    
D480  
Blue pigments  
4.5  
D280    
D1135  
Green pigments  
4.6  
D280    
Yellow, orange, brown pigments  
4.7  
D280  
D3724    
Red pigments  
4.8  
D280  
Miscellaneous  
4.9  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 White zinc pigments find considerable use in white paints, and as such it is useful to formulators and users to be able to monitor the amounts of these pigments in whole paints. It is also of interest to raw material suppliers and paint producers to check the specifications of each pigment.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the analysis of white zinc pigments.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section  
Preparation of Sample  
6    
Zinc Oxide  
Total Zinc, Using Diphenylamine as Internal Indicator  
7    
Total Zinc, Using Uranyl Acetate as External Indicator  
8    
Total Impurities  
9    
Total Sulfur  
10  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
11  
Leaded Zinc Oxide  
Total Lead  
12  
Total Zinc  
13  
Total Sulfur  
14  
Total Impurities  
15  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
16  
Water-Soluble Salts  
17  
Zinc Sulfide  
Zinc Oxide  
18  
Zinc Sulfide  
19  
Water-Soluble Salts  
20  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
21  
Barium Sulfate  
22  
Titanium Dioxide  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods may be used to confirm the stated aluminum oxide and SiO2 content of aluminum silicate for quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the analysis of aluminum silicate pigment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers metallic copper powder for use in antifouling paints. The pigment shall consist essentially of finely divided copper metal. The copper, and coarse particle shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers copper powder for use in antifouling paints.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for the pigment commercially known as "zinc white" or zinc oxide, which may be purchased either in the dry or paste in oil forms. Dry pigments, which may be processed either by the French process or American process, shall conform individually to required compositions of zinc oxide, total sulfur, moisture and other volatile matter, total impurities (including moisture and other volatile matter), and coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve). Conversely, pigments in the paste in oil form shall adhere to required composition of the pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve). Pigments shall also be tested for tinting strength, and oil absorption by Gardner-Coleman and spatula rub-out methods.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Zinc oxide functions as both a chemical and a pigment. It is used in a variety of applications including rubber, paint, reprography, glass, chemicals, etc. In paint, it contributes to mildew protection, ultraviolet absorption, hiding power, and neutralization of acids formed upon oxidation of the paint film.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially known as “zinc white” or zinc oxide. The pigments may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.  
Note 1: Zinc oxides are used in many industries. For additional information, see Classification D4295 and Test Methods D4315 for descriptions of zinc oxide use in rubber compounding.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are used to determine the purity of barium sulfate and to determine the concentration of known impurities. This information is useful to producers and users as an aid in the manufacture of coatings.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the analysis of barium sulfate pigment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers four grades of red pigment commercially known as red lead. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. Chemical analysis and coarse particle shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. Pigment, linseed oil, and moisture and other volatile matter in paste in oil shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four grades of red pigment commercially known as red lead. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are suitable for determining if impurities are present and establishing that the required pigments are present. These test methods may be used for manufacturing quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of blue pigments known commercially as iron blue, copper phthalocyanine blue, and ultramarine blue.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
IRON BLUE PIGMENTS  
Identification  
6  
Moisture by the Brabender Moisture Tester  
7 and 8  
Moisture by Toluene Distillation  
9  
Water-Soluble Matter by Extraction  
10  
Water-Soluble Salts by Electrical Conductivity  
11  
Detection of Acid-Insoluble Extenders  
12 and 13  
Detection of Acid-Soluble Extenders  
14 to 17  
Detection of Organic Colors and Lakes  
18  
COPPER PHTHALOCYANINE BLUE PIGMENTS  
Identification  
19  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
20  
Detection of Basic Dye Derivatives  
21  
Detection of Other Organic Coloring Matter  
22  
Detection of Ultramarine Blue  
23  
Detection of Iron Blue  
24  
ULTRAMARINE BLUE  
Identification  
25  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
26  
Water-Soluble Matter  
27  
Detection of Basic Dye Derivatives  
28  
Detection of Other Organic Coloring Matter  
29  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is of value (1) to the producer of fine particles as a means of reporting particle characteristics with respect to quality control and (2) to the buyer to assure that the particle size and particle size distribution meet his requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice for reporting the fineness characteristics of pigments is designed to apply in most cases where well-known methods for determining these particle size characteristics in the subsieve range are employed, such as microscopic, sedimentation, and turbidimetric methods; and partially to absorption and permeability methods.  
1.2 Laminar, plate-like pigments and composite pigments having a definite bimodal distribution are not considered within the scope of this practice.  
1.3 Parameters—The fineness characteristics are reported in the following three parameters:  
1.3.1 Particle Size Parameter.  
1.3.2 Coarseness Parameter—A parameter descriptive of the coarseness character of the pigment, making use of a limiting value in the subsieve range similar to that used in the sieve ranges.  
1.3.3 Dispersion Parameter—A parameter descriptive of the uniformity of the particle size distribution.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used to confirm the stated zinc oxide and phosphorous acid content of zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for the determination of zinc oxide and phosphorous acid content of the pigment commercially known as zinc hydroxy phosphite. The zinc content is determined by ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) titration and calculated as zinc oxide (ZnO), while the phosphorus content is determined colorimetrically and calculated as phosphorous acid (H3PO3).  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Zinc oxide  
6 through 8    
Phosphorous acid  
9 through 14  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for chlorinated and chlorinated-brominated copper phthalocyanine green pigments in dry powder form, for use in paints, printing inks, and related products. The pigments may or may not phthalocyanine blue or other ingredients incorporated during manufacture to improve or alter the properties of the pigment, but free of any other coloring matter either organic or inorganic. Specimens shall be sampled and undergo tests as appropriate, and shall conform to the following properties: moisture and other volatile matter; mass color, tint character, and tinting strength; oil absorption; basic dye derivatives; chrome green and iron blue; and reaction in identification test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated and chlorinated-brominated copper phthalocyanine green pigments in dry powder form, for use in paints, printing inks, and related products. A variety of commercial types are available to meet the requirements of different end uses.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a reliable means for the determination of the relative amounts of these salts when comparing different lots of the same pigment grade. Water-soluble salts also affect the water resistance and blister resistance of coatings, especially primers for steel. Conductivity measurements, however, cannot be used as the only method to determine and compare the amount of water soluble salts of pigments with the same chemical composition but produced by different manufacturing processes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the specific resistance of the aqueous leachate from a pigment as an index of water-soluble salt content. This test method is applicable to white pigments and colored pigments (organic and inorganic). The water-soluble salts content is a function of the specific resistance of the solution formed by extracting the pigment with water.  
1.2 This test method is based on a water to pigment ratio of 9+1. The leachate yield (minimum 160 mL) sufficient for rinsing the cylinder dip cell and thermometer plus the minimum 80 mL required for the measurement to determine the quantity of pigment to be used.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers molybdate orange dry pigments made by chemical coprecipitation of lead chromate and lead molybdate, with or without admixtures of other insoluble lead compounds or other materials. Mixing the pigments with a white pigment should produce tints with required mass colors and characters. The dry pigments should be subjected to chemical analysis, The dry pigments should conform to the specified requirements for chromium content, molybdenum content, moisture and other volatile matter content, coarse particle content, water-soluble matter content, mass color and tinting strength, and resistance to loss of gloss, chalking, and color change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigment known as molybdate orange.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following hazard caveat applies to the test method portion of this specification only. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers strontium chromate pigment for use in the manufacture of protective or decorative coatings. The pigment shall be commercially pure strontium chromate and free from extenders and organic materials. Mass color, tint character, and tinting strength shall be within the limits of the standard. The pigment shall be tested for chemical analysis and water content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as strontium chromate which is suitable for use in the manufacture of protective or decorative coatings.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment having the general formula ZnHPO3· [ZnO·2Zn(OH)2]. The pigment shall consist of zinc hydroxy phosphite and shall conform to the requirements specified. Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the following test methods: chemical analysis; moisture loss; oil absorption; and sieve residue.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment having the general formula ZnHPO3·[ZnO·2Zn(OH)2].  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers three grades of pigment commercially known as calcium borosilicate composite pigment. The two types differ in chemical composition while the two classes of type I differ in oil absorption. The chemical composition, ignition loss, and particle size shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The specific surface diameter of the pigment, oil absorption, and coarse particle shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers three grades of pigment commercially known as calcium borosilicate composite pigment. The two types differ in chemical composition while the two classes of Type I differ in oil absorption.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for the pigments commercially known as synthetic pure brown iron oxides and its blends, suitable for use in paints and coatings. The pigment, which shall be soft, dry, and finely pulverized, may be manufactured by either of the following methods: precipitation of iron salts; calcination of precipitated iron oxides; blends of synthetic red, yellow, and black iron oxides; and blends of synthetic red, yellow, and black iron oxides plus the addition of carbon black. Specimens shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall adhere to specified requirements as to total iron oxide, ferrous iron, carbon black, moisture and other volatile matter, organic coloring matter, total sulfates, coarse particles (total residue retained on No. 325 sieve), and water-soluble matter.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially known as synthetic pure brown iron oxides and blends. These pigments are suitable for use in paints and coatings. Methods of manufacture are:  
1.1.1 Precipitation of iron salts.  
1.1.2 Calcination of precipitated iron oxides.  
1.1.3 Blends of synthetic red, yellow, and black iron oxides.  
1.1.4 Blends of synthetic red, yellow, and black iron oxides plus the addition of carbon black to a maximum of 5.0 %. Small amounts of carbon black are added to obtain tinting colors not obtainable when synthetic brown iron oxide or carbon black are used singly.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification details the properties and requirements for the pigment commercially known as black synthetic iron oxide, which is manufactured ferrous-ferric oxide obtained by chemical reaction. It shall be a soft dry finely powdered pigment, free of admixtures of other substances. Specimens shall be sampled, chemically tested, and conform accordingly to specified values of the following requirements: total iron oxides (as ferrous and ferric oxide); ferrous iron in iron oxide; water-soluble matter; moisture and other volatile matter; coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve); hydrogen ion concentration (pH value); and mass color, tint character, and tinting strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as black synthetic iron oxide.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.