ASTM D1975-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress Crack Resistance of Plastic Injection Molded Open Head Pails
Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress Crack Resistance of Plastic Injection Molded Open Head Pails
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These procedures provide an indication of the environmental stress-crack resistance of injection molded open head pails, covers, and components from a selected group or lot. Provided the thermal history of each container is constant, this test method may be used for determining the applicability of various plastic resins and mold designs for injection molding of open head pails and covers.
5.2 The environmental stress-crack that occurs is indicative of what results when a container is exposed to agents such as soaps, organics, or any surface active solutions while under environmental conditions of stress.
5.3 Environmental stress-cracking is a mechanism of chemical attack that is highly dependent upon the test reagent, resin, container manufacturing or processing history, exposure temperature, applied stress, and other factors. The combination of these factors may result in eventual stress-crack failure.
5.4 Procedure A minimizes the potential for test variability by providing the user with rigidly defined test conditions. This test method may be used for production quality control of injection molded open head containers.
5.5 Procedure B allows the user to select and evaluate extreme individual elements or the interaction of several test levels on container performance. These conditions are established based on laboratory experience and available knowledge of the distribution environment. This test method may be used for identifying critical stresses which could aid in container design or help in minimizing the occurrence of these stresses during distribution.
5.6 This test method is intended only as a pass/fail procedure in accordance with the user's specification, or as agreed upon between the user and the supplier. It is not intended as a predictor or indicator of field performance regarding time to failure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for an indication of the environmental stress crack resistance of plastic injection molded open head pails, covers, and components as a summation of the effects of container design, resin, manufacturing conditions, field performance, and other factors.
1.2 This test method may be used to evaluate a container's resistance to mechanical failure by cracking when in the presence of chemical and physical stresses.
1.3 Two procedures are provided as follows:
1.3.1 Procedure A, Specified Stress-Crack Resistance Test Method—This procedure is particularly useful for quality control since the conditions of the test are specified.
1.3.2 Procedure B, User Selected Stress-Crack Resistance Test Method—This procedure allows individual selection of test levels and is particularly useful as a design and development tool.
1.4 These procedures are not designed to test the ability of the cover gasketing material or closure to retain the test reagent. Loss or leakage of the reagent through these openings does not constitute container failure. However, this may indicate an internal pressure loss that might affect test results.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 6.2, 10.2.3, 10.2.4, 10.2.6, and 10.2.8.
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1975 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Environmental Stress Crack Resistance of Plastic Injection
1
Molded Open Head Pails
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method provides procedures for an indication
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
of the environmental stress crack resistance of plastic injection
ments
molded open head pails, covers, and components as a summa-
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
tion of the effects of container design, resin, manufacturing
Packaging Components for Testing
conditions, field performance, and other factors.
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
1.2 This test method may be used to evaluate a container’s
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
resistance to mechanical failure by cracking when in the
Lot or Process
presence of chemical and physical stresses.
3. Terminology
1.3 Two procedures are provided as follows:
3.1 Definitions—Reference Terminology D996 for defini-
1.3.1 Procedure A, Specified Stress-Crack Resistance Test
tions applicable to this test method.
Method—This procedure is particularly useful for quality
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
control since the conditions of the test are specified.
3.2.1 environmental stress crack—an external or internal
1.3.2 Procedure B, User Selected Stress-Crack Resistance
crack that develops when a container is exposed to chemical or
Test Method—This procedure allows individual selection of
physical stresses, or both.
test levels and is particularly useful as a design and develop-
ment tool. 3.2.2 stress crack failure—any environmental stress crack
that causes a loss or leakage of the test reagent shall be
1.4 These procedures are not designed to test the ability of
interpreted as container failure.
the cover gasketing material or closure to retain the test
reagent. Loss or leakage of the reagent through these openings
4. Summary of Test Method
does not constitute container failure. However, this may
4.1 The environmental stress-crack resistance is determined
indicate an internal pressure loss that might affect test results.
by subjecting an injection molded open head pail and cover
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded that is filled and sealed with a stress-crack reagent to a
mechanical top load at elevated temperatures. The recom-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
mendedminimumtestdurationshallbe14days,orasspecified
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
by the user. The time to stress-crack failure is observed.
and are not considered standard.
4.1.1 ProcedureAexposesaminimumofthreecontainersto
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specified levels of chemical and physical stresses.
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1.2 Procedure B exposes containers to varying chemical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and physical stresses based on the user’s knowledge and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
objectives.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
statements are given in 6.2, 10.2.3, 10.2.4, 10.2.6, and 10.2.8.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 These procedures provide an indication of the environ-
mental stress-crack resistance of injection molded open head
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
2
Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2016.PublishedJuly2016.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1975 – 95 (2010). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D1975-16. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1975 − 16
pails, covers, and components from a selected group or lot. 7. Reagents
Provided the thermal history of each container is constant, this
7.1 ProcedureA; Nonyl Phenoxypoly (Ethyleneoxy) Ethanol
test method may be used for determining the applic
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1975 − 95 (Reapproved 2010) D1975 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Environmental Stress Crack Resistance of Plastic Injection
1
Molded Open Head Pails
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method provides procedures for an indication of the environmental stress crack resistance of plastic injection
molded open head pails, covers, and components as a summation of the effects of container design, resin, manufacturing
conditions, field performance, and other factors.
1.2 This test method may be used to evaluate a container’s resistance to mechanical failure by cracking when in the presence
of chemical and physical stresses.
1.3 Two procedures are provided as follows:
1.3.1 Procedure A, Specified Stress-Crack Resistance Test Method—This procedure is particularly useful for quality control
since the conditions of the test are specified.
1.3.2 Procedure B, User Selected Stress-Crack Resistance Test Method—This procedure allows individual selection of test
levels and is particularly useful as a design and development tool.
1.4 These procedures are not designed to test the ability of the cover gasketing material or closure to retain the test reagent. Loss
or leakage of the reagent through these openings does not constitute container failure. However, this may indicate an internal
pressure loss that might affect test results.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 6.2, 10.2.3, 10.2.4, 10.2.6, and 10.2.8.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Reference Terminology D996 for definitions applicable to this test method.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 environmental stress crack—an external or internal crack that develops when a container is exposed to chemical or
physical stresses, or both.
3.2.2 stress crack failure—any environmental stress crack that causes a loss or leakage of the test reagent shall be interpreted
as container failure.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping Containers and
Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010June 1, 2016. Published November 2010July 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20062010 as
D1975 – 95 (2006).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D1975-95R10.10.1520/D1975-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1975 − 16
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The environmental stress-crack resistance is determined by subjecting an injection molded open head pail and cover that
is filled and sealed with a stress-crack reagent to a mechanical top load at elevated temperatures. The recommended minimum test
duration shall be 14 days, or as specified by the user. The time to stress-crack failure is observed.
4.1.1 Procedure A exposes a minimum of three containers to specified levels of chemical and physical stresses.
4.1.2 Procedure B exposes containers to varying chemical and physical stresses based on the user’s knowledge and objectives.
5. Sign
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.