ASTM F2881-11(2015)

Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers test methods and requirements for dual wall polypropylene pipe and fittings. These requirements are intended to provide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for nonpressure storm sewer systems. This specification also covers pipe and fittings with an interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated profile outer wall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for dual wall polypropylene pipe and fittings. The nominal inside diameters covered are 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm].  
1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for non-pressure storm sewer systems. Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specification shall be installed in compliance with Practice D2321.  
1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated profile outer wall (Fig. 1).  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary statement caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2015
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.62 - Sewer

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F2881-11 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2015
• Replaced By: ASTM F2881/F2881M-18 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F2881 −11 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall
Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer
Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2881; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
Impact Resistance of Plastics
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
for dual wall polypropylene pipe and fittings. The nominal
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
inside diameters covered are 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm].
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
provide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for
als
non-pressure storm sewer systems. Pipe and fittings produced
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
in accordance with this specification shall be installed in
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
compliance with Practice D2321.
D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics
1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an
by Extrusion Plastometer
interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated profile outer
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
wall (Fig. 1).
Gradient Technique
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
tics
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
D2321 PracticeforUndergroundInstallationofThermoplas-
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
tic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
conformance with the standard.
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
1.5 The following precautionary statement caveat pertains
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification.
D2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
Tup (Falling Weight)
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
D2990 Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flexural
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
Creep and Creep-Rupture of Plastics
limitations prior to use.
D3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic
Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
2. Referenced Documents
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
A666 Specification forAnnealed or Cold-WorkedAustenitic
D4101 Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extru-
Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
sion Materials
D4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Black
Content in Polyethylene Compounds By the Muffle-
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
Furnace Technique
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.
D4389/D4389M Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally
Woven From Rovings
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2881–11. DOI:
10.1520/F2881–11R15.
D6992 Test Method for Accelerated Tensile Creep and
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Creep-Rupture of Geosynthetic Materials Based on Time-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Temperature Superposition Using the Stepped Isothermal
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Method
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2881−11 (2015)
FIG. 1
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems 4.1.2 Diameters,
F477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join- 4.1.3 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,
ing Plastic Pipe
4.1.4 Pipe laying length,
2.2 AASHTO Standard: 4.1.5 Joint requirements
LRFD, Section 12 AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifi-
4.1.6 Fitting type(s):
cations Section 12 – Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners
4.1.6.1 Size and type of fittings, including mainline and
M288 Geotextile Specification for Highway Applications
branch diameters, and
2.3 Federal/Military Standards:
4.1.6.2 Number of fittings per diameter.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Pipe and Fabricated Fittings—Polypropylene
3. Terminology
Compounds—Polypropylene compounds used in the manufac-
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
ture of the dual wall pipe and fittings shall have the minimum
nology F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
properties as shown in Table 1. Polypropylene compounds
nologyD1600,unlessotherwisespecified.Theabbreviationfor
shall be comprised of the base unfilled copolymer polypropyl-
polypropylene is PP.
ene virgin resin and all additives, colorants, UV inhibitors and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
stabilizers. Conditioning, sampling, preparation and testing of
3.2.1 dual wall, n—In this case, the dual pipe wall construc-
molded specimens shall be in accordance with the require-
tion provides an interior wall in the waterway and includes
ments in Specification D4101. Compounds shall be tested and
ribs, corrugations, or other shapes, which can be either solid or
validated on an annual basis or for any new formulations.
hollow, that helps brace the pipe against diametrical deforma-
NOTE 1—Stress-cracking has not been shown to be a concern with
tion.
polypropylene resins, so no slow-crack growth test protocol has been
3.2.2 silt-tight joint, n—Joint that prevents the passage of developed for assessing it.
silt or soil, does not restrict water passage.
5.2 Color and Ultraviolet Stabilization for Pipe and Fabri-
3.2.3 water-tight joint, n—Joint that retrains the passage of cated Fittings—The pipe shall be colored or black. Black
water to not exceed a specified limit. polypropylene compounds shall have between 2.0 and 3.0
percent carbon black when tested in accordance with the
4. Ordering Information
procedures in Test Method D4218. Colored polypropylene
compounds shall be protected from Ultraviolet (UV) degrada-
4.1 Orders for product made to this specification shall
include the following information to adequately describe the tion with UV stabilizers.
desired product:
NOTE 2—Pipe users should consult with the pipe manufacturer about
4.1.1 This ASTM designation and year of issue,
the outdoor exposure life of the product under consideration.
5.3 Rework Plastic—Clean polypropylene rework plastic,
Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
generated from the manufacturer’s own production of the
Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
product and having the same minimum physical properties,
http://www.transportation.org.
may be used by the manufacturer, provided that the pipe
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil. produced meets all the requirements of this specification.
TABLE 1 Polypropylene Compound Properties
Property ASTM Test Method Units (SI Units) Minimum Value Maximum Value
Melt Flow Rate D1238 g/10 min 0.25 at 230°C 1.50 at 230°C
3 3
Density D792, D1505 lb/in. (g/cm ) 0.0325 (0.900) 0.0343 (0.950)
Tensile Strength at Yield D638 psi (N/mm ) 3500 (24) 5000 (34)
Elongation at Yield D638 % (%) 5 (5) 25 (25)
Flexural Modulus (1% secant) D790 Procedure B psi (N/mm ) 175 000 (1200) 325 000 (2250)
2 2
IZOD Impact Strength (73°F (23°C)) D256 ft-lb/in. (kJ/m ) 23.8 (50) No Break
Oxidative-Induction Time (392°F (200°C)) D3895 min 25 200
F2881−11 (2015)
5.4 Elastomeric Seal Materials—Elastomeric compounds 6.2.3 Minimum Wall, Crown, Valley and Liner Thickness—
and thermoplastic elastomeric compounds used in the manu- The minimum thickness of pipe sections shall meet the
facture of sealing rings or gaskets shall meet the requirements requirements given in Table 2 when measured in accordance
of Specification F477. with 7.3.3.
5.5 Lubricant—The lubricant used for assembly of gasketed
NOTE 4—The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of products
manufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-
joints shall have no detrimental effect on the gasket or the pipe.
ity between pipe and fittings made to this specification from different
5.6 Optional Bell Retaining Bands—Bell retaining bands, if
manufacturers should be verified.
used, shall meet the requirements in 6.6.4 and shall be made of
6.3 Pipe Stiffness—Minimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflec-
corrosive resistant materials such as fiberglass (Specification
tion shall meet the requirements given in Table 2 when tested
D4389/D4389M) or stainless steel (Specification A666).
in accordance with 7.4.
5.6.1 The Specification D4389/D4389M fiberglass roving
NOTE 5—The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testing
shall be an E type glass, free of any alkali, dirt or other
convenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. The
impurities. The band shall consist of a continuous, overlapping
engineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.
filament fiber and not a fabric.
6.4 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of
NOTE 3—Compound and material properties are typically tested to
splitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of
validate a formulation; they are not routine quality assurance tests. Users
the outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when tested
requiring such testing for quality assurance purposes should insert these
in accordance with 7.5.
criteria in their project specifications.
6.5 Pipe Impact Strength—There shall be no evidence of
6. General Requirements
splitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of
6.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homoge-
the outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when
neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practical
conditioned in accordance with 7.1 and tested in accordance
in color, opacity, and density. The pipe walls shall be free of
with 7.6 and examined under normal light and the unaided eye.
cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other
Theminimumpipeimpactstrengthat73°F(23°C)shallbe140
defects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect the
ft-lbf (190 J).
wall integrity. The ends shall be cut cleanly and squarely
NOTE 6—Discoloration or “whitening” of the pipe during pipe flatten-
through valleys.
ing and impact tests is normal and does not represent a failure criteria for
6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, in pipe are not
either test.
permissible.
6.6 Fabricated Fittings and Joining Systems:
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:
6.6.1 Only fabricated fittings and joining systems supplied
6.2.1 Nominal Size—The nominal size for the pipe and
or recommended by the pipe manufacturer shall be used.
fittings shall be the inside diameter shown in Table 2.
Fabricated fittings shall be installed in accordance with the
6.2.2 Laying Length—The pipe shall be supplied in any manufacturer’s recommendations and meet the same material
laying length agreeable to both the owner and the manufac-
requirements as the pipe.
turer. Laying length shall not be less than 99 % of stated
quantity when measured in accordance with 7.3.2.
TABLE 2 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe Dimensions
Pipe Inside Inside Diameter Minimum Pipe Minimum Minimum Minimum
Diameter Tolerances Stiffness at 5 % Inner Liner Valley Crown
Deflection Thickness Thickness Thickness
in. [mm] in. [mm] lb/in/in [kPa] in. [mm] in. [mm] in. [mm]
12 [300] ± 0.12 [± 70 [482] 0.045 [1.1] 0.103 [2.6] 0.052 [1.3]
3.0]
15 [400] ± 0.15 [± 60 [413] 0.050 [1.3] 0.126 [3.2] 0.068 [1.7]
3.8]
18 [450] ± 0.18 [± 56 [386] 0.055 [1.4] 0.132 [3.4] 0.074 [1.9]
4.6]
24 [600] ± 0.24 [± 50 [344] 0.060 [1.5] 0.144 [3.7] 0.093 [2.4]
6.1]
30 [750] ± 0.30 [± 46 [317] 0.065 [1.7] 0.148 [3.8] 0.108 [2.7]
7.6]
36 [900] ± 0.36 [± 40 [275] 0.070 [1.8] 0.153 [3.9] 0.132 [3.4]
9.1]
42 [1050] ± 0.42 [±10.7] 35 [241] 0.070 [1.8] 0.158 [4.0] 0.160 [4.1]
48 [1200] ± 0.48 [± 30 [206] 0.072 [1.8] 0.179 [4.6] 0.165 [4.2]
12.2]
54 [1350] ± 0.54 [± 26 [175] 0.078 [2.0] 0.194 [4.9] 0.178 [4.5]
13.7]
60 [1500] ± 0.60 [± 25 [170] 0.085 [2.2] 0.215 [5.5] 0.180 [4.6]
15.2]
F2881−11 (2015)
NOTE 7—Fittings may be fabricated from the pipe by a variety of
at the stress level of 500 psi (3.5 MPa) not less than 27 000 psi
processes including hot plate welding, spin welding or other processes.
(186 MPa). The creep modulus shall be determined in accor-
6.6.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design that dance with 7.8.
preserves alignment at the joints while maintaining the speci-
NOTE9—The50-yearcreeprupturestrengthand50-yearcreepmodulus
fied level of watertight requirements in accordance with 6.6.3.
values, determined by the test methods in 7.7 and 7.8, are used to define
6.6.3 Pipe and fittings shall be specified in 4.1.5 and have
the slope of the logarithmic regression curves to describe the required
either silt-tight bell/spigot joints that utilize a gasket that
material properties sampled from the product. They are not to be
interpreted as service life limits.
complies with the requirements of Specification F477 or
watertight bell/spigot joint that complies with the laboratory
6.10 Installation Requirements—The pipe manufacturer
tests defined and described in Specification D3212 and utilizes
shall provide the purchaser with the requirements for the
a gasket that complies with the requirements of Specification
proper installation of the pipe and the minimum and maximum
F477. It is permissible to supply silt-tight bell/spigot joints
allowable cover height for specific t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2881 − 11 F2881 − 11 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall
Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer
Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2881; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for dual wall polypropylene pipe and fittings. The nominal inside
diameters covered are 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm].
1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for
nonpressurenon-pressure storm sewer systems. Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specification shall be installed
in compliance with Practice D2321.
1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated profile outer wall (Fig.
1).
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 The following precautionary statement caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastics
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion Plastometer
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
D2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling
Weight)
D2990 Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flexural Creep and Creep-Rupture of Plastics
D3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011Aug. 1, 2015. Published March 2011November 2015. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
F2881–11. DOI: 10.1520/F2881–11.10.1520/F2881–11R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2881 − 11 (2015)
FIG. 1
D4101 Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
D4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Black Content in Polyethylene Compounds By the Muffle-Furnace Technique
D4389D4389/D4389M Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics Woven From Rovings
D6992 Test Method for Accelerated Tensile Creep and Creep-Rupture of Geosynthetic Materials Based on Time-Temperature
Superposition Using the Stepped Isothermal Method
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
F477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
LRFD, Section 12 AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications Section 12 – Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners
M288 Geotextile Specification for Highway Applications
2.3 Federal/Military Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology
D1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation for polypropylene is PP.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 dual wall, n—In this case, the dual pipe wall construction provides an interior wall in the waterway and includes ribs,
corrugations, or other shapes, which can be either solid or hollow, that helps brace the pipe against diametrical deformation.
3.2.2 silt-tight joint, n—Joint that prevents the passage of silt or soil, does not restrict water passage.
3.2.3 water-tight joint, n—Joint that retrains the passage of water to not exceed a specified limit.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for product made to this specification shall include the following information to adequately describe the desired
product:
4.1.1 This ASTM designation and year of issue,
4.1.2 Diameters,
4.1.3 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,
4.1.4 Pipe laying length,
4.1.5 Joint requirements
4.1.6 Fitting type(s):
4.1.6.1 Size and type of fittings, including mainline and branch diameters, and
4.1.6.2 Number of fittings per diameter.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Pipe and Fabricated Fittings—Polypropylene Compounds—Polypropylene compounds used in the manufacture of the dual
wall pipe and fittings shall have the minimum properties as shown in Table 1. Polypropylene compounds shall be comprised of
the base unfilled copolymer polypropylene virgin resin and all additives, colorants, UV inhibitors and stabilizers. Conditioning,
sampling, preparation and testing of molded specimens shall be in accordance with the requirements in Specification D4101.
Compounds shall be tested and validated on an annual basis or for any new formulations.
Available from Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC
20001, http://www.transportation.org.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA
19111-5098, http://dodssp.daps.dla.mil.19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
F2881 − 11 (2015)
TABLE 1 Polypropylene Compound Properties
Property ASTM Test Method Units (SI Units) Minimum Value Maximum Value
Melt Flow Rate D1238 g/10 min 0.25 at 230°C 1.50 at 230°C
Density D792, D1505 lb/in3 (g/cm ) 0.0325 (0.900) 0.0343 (0.950)
3 3
Density D792, D1505 lb/in. (g/cm ) 0.0325 (0.900) 0.0343 (0.950)
Tensile Strength at Yield D638 psi (N/mm ) 3,500 (24) 5,000 (34)
Tensile Strength at Yield D638 psi (N/mm ) 3500 (24) 5000 (34)
Elongation at Yield D638 % (%) 5 (5) 25 (25)
Flexural Modulus (1% secant) D790 Procedure B psi (N/mm ) 175,000 (1,200) 325,000 (2,250)
Flexural Modulus (1% secant) D790 Procedure B psi (N/mm ) 175 000 (1200) 325 000 (2250)
2 2
IZOD Impact Strength (73°F (23°C)) D256 ft-lb/in (kJ/m ) 23.8 (50) No Break
2 2
IZOD Impact Strength (73°F (23°C)) D256 ft-lb/in. (kJ/m ) 23.8 (50) No Break
Oxidative-Induction Time (392°F (200°C) D3895 min 25 200
Oxidative-Induction Time (392°F (200°C)) D3895 min 25 200
NOTE 1—Stress-cracking has not been shown to be a concern with polypropylene resins, so no slow-crack growth test protocol has been developed
for assessing it.
5.2 Color and Ultraviolet Stabilization for Pipe and Fabricated Fittings—The pipe shall be colored or black. Black
polypropylene compounds shall have between 2.0 and 3.0 percent carbon black when tested in accordance with the procedures in
Test Method D4218. Colored polypropylene compounds shall be protected from Ultraviolet (UV) degradation with UV stabilizers.
NOTE 2—Pipe users should consult with the pipe manufacturer about the outdoor exposure life of the product under consideration.
5.3 Rework Plastic—– Clean polypropylene rework plastic, generated from the manufacturer’s own production of the product
and having the same minimum physical properties, may be used by the manufacturer, provided that the pipe produced meets all
the requirements of this specification.
5.4 Elastomeric Seal Materials—Elastomeric compounds and thermoplastic elastomeric compounds used in the manufacture of
sealing rings or gaskets shall meet the requirements of Specification F477.
5.5 Lubricant—The lubricant used for assembly of gasketed joints shall have no detrimental effect on the gasket or the pipe.
5.6 Optional Bell Retaining Bands—Bell retaining bands, if used, shall meet the requirements in 6.6.46.6.4 and shall be made
of corrosive resistant materials such as fiberglass (Specification D4389D4389/D4389M) or stainless steel (Specification A666).
5.6.1 The Specification D4389D4389/D4389M fiberglass roving shall be an E type glass, free of any alkali, dirt or other
impurities. The band shall consist of a continuous, overlapping filament fiber and not a fabric.
NOTE 3—Compound and material properties are typically tested to validate a formulation; they are not routine quality assurance tests. Users requiring
such testing for quality assurance purposes should insert these criteria in their project specifications.
6. General Requirements
6.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practical in color,
opacity, and density. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other defects that are visible
to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity. The ends shall be cut cleanly and squarely through valleys.
6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, in pipe are not permissible.
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:
6.2.1 Nominal Size—The nominal size for the pipe and fittings shall be the inside diameter shown in Table 2.
6.2.2 Laying Length—The pipe shall be supplied in any laying length agreeable to both the owner and the manufacturer. Laying
length shall not be less than 99 % 99 % of stated quantity when measured in accordance with 7.3.2.
6.2.3 Minimum Wall, Crown, Valley and Liner Thickness—The minimum thickness of pipe sections shall meet the requirements
given in TableTable 2 2 when measured in accordance with 7.3.3.
NOTE 4—The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of products manufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibility
between pipe and fittings made to this specification from different manufacturers should be verified.
6.3 Pipe Stiffness—Minimum pipe stiffness at 5 % 5 % deflection shall meet the requirements given in Table 2 when tested in
accordance with 7.4.
NOTE 5—The 5 % 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testing convenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. The engineer
is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.
6.4 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of the outer
and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when tested in accordance with 7.5.
6.5 Pipe Impact Strength—There shall be no evidence of splitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of the
outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when conditioned in accordance with 7.1 and tested in accordance with 7.6 and
examined under normal light and the unaided eye. The minimum pipe impact strength at 73°F (23°C) shall be 140 ft-lbf (190 J).
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TABLE 2 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe Dimensions
Pipe Inside Inside Diameter Minimum Pipe Minimum Minimum Minimum
Diameter Tolerances Stiffness at 5 % Inner Liner Valley Crown
Deflection Thickness Thickness Thickness
in. [mm] in. [mm] lb/in/in [kPa] in. [mm] in. [mm] in. [mm]
12 [300] ± 0.12 [± 70 [482] 0.045 [1.1] 0.103 [2.6] 0.052 [1.3]
3.0]
15 [400] ± 0.15 [± 60 [413] 0.050 [1.3] 0.126 [3.2] 0.068 [1.7]
3.8]
18 [450] ± 0.18 [± 56 [386] 0.055 [1.4] 0.132 [3.4] 0.074 [1.9]
4.6]
24 [600] ± 0.24 [± 50 [344] 0.060 [1.5] 0.144 [3.7] 0.093 [2.4]
6.1]
30 [750] ± 0.30 [± 46 [317] 0.065 [1.7] 0.148 [3.8] 0.108 [2.7]
7.6]
36 [900] ± 0.36 [± 40 [275] 0.070 [1.8] 0.153 [3.9] 0.132 [3.4]
9.1]
42 [1050] ± 0.42 [±10.7] 35 [241] 0.070 [1.8] 0.158 [4.0] 0.160 [4.1]
48 [1200] ±0.48 [± 30 [206] 0.072 [1.8] 0.179 [4.6] 0.165 [4.2]
12.2]
48 [1200] ± 0.48 [± 30 [206] 0.072 [1.8] 0.179 [4.6] 0.165 [4.2]
12.2]
54 [1350] ± 0.54 [± 26 [175] 0.078 [2.0] 0.194 [4.9] 0.178 [4.5]
13.7]
60 [1500] ± 0.60 [± 25 [170] 0.085 [2.2] 0.215 [5.5] 0.180 [4.6]
15.2]
NOTE 6—Discoloration or “whitening” of the pipe during pipe flattening and impact tests is normal and does not represent a failure criteria for either
test.
6.6 Fabricated Fittings and Joining Systems:
6.6.1 Only fabricated fittings and joining systems supplied or recommended by the pipe manufacturer shall be used. Fabricated
fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and meet the same material requirements as the
pipe.
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NOTE 7—Fittings may be fabricated from the pipe by a variety of processes including hot plate welding, spin welding or other processes.
6.6.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design that preserves alignment at the joints while maintaining the specified level of
watertight requirements in accordance with 6.6.3.
6.6.3 Pipe and fittings shall be specified in 4.1.5 and have either silt-tight bell
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