ASTM D281-95(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oil absorption of pigments by the spatula rub-out technique.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D281–95(Reapproved2002)
Standard Test Method for
Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 281; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 5. Apparatus and Materials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oil 5.1 Balance, capable of weighing to 0.001 g.
absorption of pigments by the spatula rub-out technique. 5.2 Dropping Bottle, fitted with ground-in pipet and rubber
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the bulb or buret, graduated in 0.1-mL divisions.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information 5.3 Smooth Glass Rub-up Plate or Marble Slab (glass
only. should have a surface similar to Hoover Muller Plates).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 5.4 Spatula, sharp-edged, steel, having a blade of 15 or 20
1 3
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the mm by 100 mm ( ⁄2 or ⁄4 by 4 in.).
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 5.5 Oil, linseed, raw, conforming to Specification D 234
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- except that it shall have an acid number of 3 6 1. Linseed oil
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. used in comparative tests must have the same acid value. Other
liquids, such as refined oil, may be used by mutual agreement.
2. Referenced Documents
6. Procedure
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 234 Specification for Raw Linseed Oil 6.1 Procedure A (Weighing Bottle)—Weigh exactly 1 g., or
D 1483 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by any multiple thereof (Note 1), of the thoroughly mixed and air
Gardner-Coleman Method dried pigment and place upon a glass plate or marble slab.
Weigh to 0.01 g a dropping bottle containing raw linseed oil
3. Summary of Test Method
along with the pipet and rubber bulb. Add the linseed oil
3.1 A stiff, putty-like paste is formed by the dropwise gradually,dropbydrop(bymeansofthepipet),tothepigment.
addition of linseed oil to pigment that is being thoroughly
After the addition of each drop, thoroughly incorporate the oil
rubbed with a spatula. The amount of oil required to produce by rubbing up with the spatula. The test is complete when
the end point is used to calculate an oil absorption value.
exactly enough oil has been incorporated with the pigment to
produce a very stiff, putty-like paste, that does not break or
4. Significance and Use
separate. Weigh the bottle and oil to 0.01 g and determine by
4.1 The oil absorption value obtained by this test method
difference the weight of oil used.
gives information about the vehicle demand of the pigment
NOTE 1—The specimen weight depends upon the specific gravity,
when it is used in a pigment paste. Oil absorption values can be
fineness, and other characteristics of the pigment. For example, 20 g is
used to characterize pigments or batches of a given pigment.
taken for white lead, but about 1 g is sufficient for carbon black. In any
4.2 This test method differs from Test Method D 1483 in
event, the specimen size should be large enough so that at least1gofoil
that D 1483 involves only a gentle stirring and folding of the is required.
pigment, whereas this test method requires a thorough rubbing
6.2 Procedure B (Buret):
action.Becausetheendpointsaredifferent,thevaluesobtained
6.2.1 Follow ProcedureA, except add the linseed oil from a
from the two test methods
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